沈括与化学

沈括是中国历史上著名的政治家、科学家,在他所著的《梦溪笔谈》中记载了诸如石油、食盐、炼铜、炼铁等化学知识,其中,还渗透着胶体化学和地球化学的思想,他所研究的部分内容对现代化学仍然产生着影响。     

我国化学热力学与热分析的研究进展(2012-2013)

本文简要综述了2012~2013年化学热力学与热分析学科在绿色溶剂体系化学热力学、材料热力学、生物热化学、胶体化学热力学、超分子化学热力学以及新型热分析仪器等方面取得的研究成果。共引用参考文献52篇。     

著名物理化学家张大煜

张大煜是我国化学界的一位老前辈,是我国催化科学、胶体化学研究的先驱者之一,他从事科学研究和教学五十余年,是我国著名的物理化学家。张大煜教授1905年2月15日生于江苏省江阴县,1929年清华大学化学系毕业,同年以优异成绩考取公费留德,1933年获德国德累斯顿工业大学博士学位。1933年回国后,担任清华大学化学系教授、系主任。抗战时期,在西南联大任教,兼任中央研究院化学研究所的研究员。1941年底,他抱着发展工业、科学     

吉林大学物理化学学科:笃学致远 润物无声

伴随建系而生的吉林大学物理化学学科是吉大化学学科的重要组成部分,在70年的发展中为整个化学学科的发展建设做出了重要贡献。吉大物化人一直坚持理论与实践并重的教育思想,培养了大批优秀人才。回顾了吉大物理化学学科的历史沿革,展现了吉林大学化学学院物理化学在课程和教材建设、科学研究和人才培养等方面所取得的成绩。在吉大化学70周年华诞之际,谨以此文向为吉大物化学科建设做出贡献的前辈致敬。     

第十届东方胶化杯全国胶体化学研究生优秀成果奖评选通知

为促进中国的胶体化学发展,鼓励这一领域青年学生的进取精神,2002年起特设立全国胶体化学研究生奖学金,以表彰优秀的胶体化学专业研究生.申请资格与范围:全国范围内各大学、科研机构在读的胶体化学专业研究生(含博士生)均有资格申请.申请人应在胶体与界面化学领域取得     

杨石先对农药化学学科的重要贡献及其学术思想

杨石先先生一生献身于我国的教育事业与化学学科的发展,在62年中为我国培养了无数高质量的科教人才。他除了长期担任南开大学校长之外, 还创建了我国大学第一个专职研究所,即元素有机化学研究所。他率先开展了我国元素有机化学与农药化学的科学研究,领导了元素有机化学国家重点实验室的建立,是我国元素有机化学和农药化学的奠基人和开拓者。他倡导用有机化学的专业知识,科学和系统地开展农药化学研究,组建队伍获得20项科研成果,发表上百篇科学与论述性论文,为我国开展自主创新农药研究事业作出重要贡献。在农药化学学科的学术思想中,他强调要弄清该学科的交叉性、系统性和内在规律性,倡导要学习国际先进经验,要结合国情自主创新,要为国家经济服务,要对世界农药科技做出贡献。他毕生对人才培养给予了特别的重视,为我国科技事业持续发展作出了重大贡献。     

第九届东方胶化杯全国胶体化学研究生优秀成果奖评选通知

<正>为促进中国的胶体化学发展,鼓励这一领域青年学生的进取精神,2002年起特设立全国胶体化学研究生奖学金,以表彰优秀的胶体化学专业研究生.申请资格与范围:全国范围内各大学、科研机构在读的胶体化学专业研究生(含博士生)均有资格申请.申请人应在胶体与界面化学领域取得     

第七届东方胶化杯全国胶体化学研究生优秀成果奖评选通知

为促进中国的胶体化学发展,鼓励这一领域青年学生的进取精神,2002年起特设立全国胶体化学研究生奖学金,以表彰优秀的胶体化学专业研究生.申请资格与范围:全国范围内各大学、科研机构在读的胶体化学专业研究生(含博士生)均有资格申请.申请人应在胶体与界面化学领域取得较为突出的创新性结果.发表一定数量的优秀科研论文(含已接受).     

第十一届东方胶化杯全国胶体化学研究生优秀成果奖评选通知

为促进中国的胶体化学发展,鼓励这一领域青年学生的进取精神,2002年起特设立全国胶体化学研究生奖学金,以表彰优秀的胶体化学专业研究生。申请资格与范围:全国范围内各大学、科研机构在读的胶体化学专业研究生(含博士生)均有资格申请。申请人应在胶体与界面化学领域取得较为突出的创新性结果。发表一定数量的优秀科研论文(含已接受)。申请人的所有成果必须是在研究生阶段进行或完成的。在职研究生不参与本奖学金评选。对于积极参加全国胶体与界面专业委员会学术活动的科研小组,将采取适度倾斜政策     

高分子化学之父——施陶丁格

1930年,德国胶体学会在 Frankfurt 召开了以“有机化学与胶体化学”为题的年会,与四年前只施陶丁格一人为高分子观念孤军奋战不同,此次会议普遍接受了“高分子”概念,从而标志着一门新的学科——高分子化学的诞生。1990年是这门科学建立60周年,并适逢其创始人施陶丁格逝世25周年,仅以此文作为纪念。     

Supramolecular perspectives in colloid science

Supramolecular chemistry puts emphasis on molecular assemblies held together by non-covalent bonds. As such, it is very close in spirit to colloid science which also focuses on objects which are small, but beyond the molecular scale, and for which other forces than covalent bonds are crucial. We discuss in this review the preparation and properties of new colloidal systems which borrow on the one hand from classical topics in colloid science, such as micellization, and on the other hand from concepts in supramolecular chemistry, such as reversible supramolecular polymers.     

Reflections on an Anniversary of Chemical Synthesis

The significance of chemistry as a science and as a branch of industry, as well as its role in the evolution of scientific thought during the past 150 years, are thoughts which come to mind while contemplating the development of organic synthesis.     

1944年诺贝尔化学奖得主——奥托·哈恩

奥托·哈恩是德国著名化学家、物理学家,一生致力于放射性化学的研究,是原子核裂变的奠基人,是科学史上的重要人物。因发现"原子核裂变"而获得1944年诺贝尔化学奖。     

现代固态有机化学之父——Gerhard M.J.Schmidt

本文主要介绍了GerhardM.J.Schmidt教授的生平、代表性的科研工作及其意义、影响和应用,从中展现出他的优秀品质、治学精神、杰出成就以及影响力。Schmidt教授少年早慧,求学艰辛,天赋独特,痴迷科学,为科学事业奋斗终身,在多个领域都有着卓越的成就,其中以固态有机化学领域最具代表性。他在科研的同时还担任诸多行政职务,为魏茨曼研究所、以色列乃至全世界的科学发展做了许多贡献。     

传承戴安邦先生的科学精神和学术理念

戴安邦先生是中国化学会的发起人之一,是中国化学会最早主办的刊物《化学》的创办者,长期任该刊总编和总经理,为中国的化学事业发展奉献了一生,对中国化学特别是无机化学的发展和繁荣有重大贡献。戴安邦先生认为化学是造福于人类的科学,化学家首先应热爱化学,有为事业为国家的献身精神。化学家对科学发展应有责任敏感性和创新意识,具团队协作精神和高尚的品德。戴安邦先生一生根据祖国科学技术的发展需要,从事了多个化学领域的教学和科研工作。先后在胶体化学及多酸多碱、化学模拟生物固氮、配合物固相反应研究、抗肿瘤金属配合物研究和新功能配合物设计与合成等领域取得重大成果。他是中国配位化学的主要奠基人之一,建立了南京大学配位化学研究所、配位化学国家重点实验室,为我国配位化学的繁荣发展及人才培养作出了重大贡献。     

Julius Adolph Stöckhardt. Zum 200. Geburtstag

Julius Adolph Stoeckhardt, who was trained as a pharmacist and later worked as a chemist, left his marks in many fields. The intention of his action was the use of chemical knowledge in practice. Stoeckhardt was most important in helping to popularize agricultural chemistry, thanks to his endeavor agricultural experimental stations were established. He investigated fume gases and its influence on the forest and the toxicity of colors, carried out many chemical analyzes – also of rocks. He thought on methods of a successful teaching of natural science and fought for the recognition of chemistry as a common instrument for education. In memory of this scientist several institutions bear his name: e.g. a 1885 constructed laboratory building of the former Forest Academy in Tharandt, which in our days belongs to the Technical University of Dresden, Department of Forest, Geo‐ and Hydrosciences, a chemistry‐club for pupils in Chemnitz, who are interested in chemistry, a competition of pupils in Chemistry and an annual colloquium on environmental chemistry at Chemnitz Technical University.     

Light‐Driven Self‐Healing of Nanoparticle‐Based Metamolecules

Metamolecules and crystals consisting of nanoscale building blocks offer rich models to study colloidal chemistry, materials science, and photonics. Herein we demonstrate the self‐assembly of colloidal Ag nanoparticles into quasi‐one‐dimensional metamolecules with an intriguing self‐healing ability in a linearly polarized optical field. By investigating the spatial stability of the metamolecules, we found that the origin of self‐healing is the inhomogeneous interparticle electrodynamic interactions enhanced by the formation of unusual nanoparticle dimers, which minimize the free energy of the whole structure. The equilibrium configuration and self‐healing behavior can be further tuned by modifying the electrical double layers surrounding the nanoparticles. Our results reveal a unique route to build self‐healing colloidal structures assembled from simple metal nanoparticles. This approach could potentially lead to reconfigurable plasmonic devices for photonic and sensing applications.     

Nanomaterial surface chemistry design for advancements in capillary electrophoresis modes

Tailored surface chemistry impacts nanomaterial function and stability in applications including in various capillary electrophoresis (CE) modes. Although colloidal nanoparticles were first integrated as colouring agents in artwork and pottery over 2000 years ago, recent developments in nanoparticle synthesis and surface modification increased their usefulness and incorporation in separation science. For instance, precise control of surface chemistry is critically important in modulating nanoparticle functionality and stability in dynamic environments. Herein, recent developments in nanomaterial pseudostationary and stationary phases will be summarized. First, nanomaterial core and surface chemistry compositions will be classified. Next, characterization methods will be described and related to nanomaterial function in various CE modes. Third, methods and implications of nanomaterial incorporation into CE will be discussed. Finally, nanoparticle-specific mechanisms likely involved in CE will be related to nanomaterial surface chemistry. Better understanding of surface chemistry will improve nanoparticle design for the integration into separation techniques.     

Summary of development of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films

In this review, the research of the author in the field of colloidal systems is summarized. The factors influencing colloidal stability are systematized and analyzed. Examples are presented to illustrate the practical utilization of the theory of stability of colloids and thin films.This review was prepared on the basis of the works of the author, which were awarded the State Premium for 1991 in the field of science and technology, chemistry section.Institute of Physical Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117915 Moscow. Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8, pp. 1708–1717, August, 1992.