沸腾回流强迫水解法制备均分散α—Fe2O3超微粒水溶胶

Matijevic等曾报道在密闭静态环境下强迫水解酸化的铁盐溶液制备出几种形状单一的微米或亚微米级的均匀α-Fe_2O_3或β-FeOOH胶体粒子。类似的工作国内亦有报道。如粒子尺寸减小到纳米量级,则体系兼有表面效应、体积效应和特殊的光学性质。我们尝试用强迫水解法制备粒径几十纳米的球形或立方形的α-Fe_2O_3均分散胶体粒子,结果获得成功。     

水热环境下磁场对BiFeO_3形貌和性能的影响

以Bi(NO_3)_3·5H_2O和Fe(NO_3)_3·9H_2O为反应原料,KOH为矿化剂,通过在碱浓度为2~7 mol/L、反应温度为140~220℃的磁场水热反应系统中保温1~12 h制备了Bi Fe O_3粉体.研究发现,外加磁场可以拓宽合成纯相Bi Fe O_3的碱浓度和反应温度范围,更易得到纯相铁酸铋粉体.SEM观测结果表明,通过改变磁场强度可有效控制Bi Fe O_3粉体的颗粒尺寸及形貌:随着磁场的增强,Bi Fe O_3的颗粒尺寸逐渐减小.随着颗粒尺寸的减小,其光催化活性增强.磁场下得到的粉体表现出较强的磁性,Raman散射中A_1-2振动模式异常增强.     

α-Fe2O3纳米立方体和纳米棒组装空心微球的可控合成及其磁学性能

在0．15mol／L Clˉ和0．05mol／L SO4^2-的存在下,通过Fe^3＋溶液140℃水热反应12h分别得到α—Fe2O3纳米立方体和α-FeOOH纳米棒自组装的微球,将得到的α-FeOOH纳米棒自组装微球经600℃热处理2h后转化为α—Fe2O3纳米棒组装空心微球．利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜和红外光谱对所得产物进行表征和分析．结果表明,所制备的单分散的α-Fe2O3纳米立方体为六方单晶结构,其边长为500nm．直径为2～4．5μm的空心微球是由直径约150nm的α-Fe2O3纳米棒组装而成．研究了Clˉ和SO4^2-在纳米立方体和空心微球形成过程中的作用,提出了可能的生长机理．在室温下测试了α-Fe2O3纳米立方体和α-Fe2O3纳米棒自组装微球的磁学特性,其矫顽力和剩余磁化强度分别为2858.3 Oe（1 Oe=79．58 A／m）和0．195emu．g^-1（1 emu．g^-1=15．7914×10^-9 A·m^2·kg^-1）,218．87 Oe和0．071 emu．g^-1．     

含氮配体Co、Fe配合物的合成、结构及性质

报导了四个单核Co（Ⅱ）和Fe（Ⅱ）的配合物[Co（L1）2]（ClO4)2·（CH3CN）（1）,[Fe（L1）2]（ClO4）2·（H2O）（2）,[Co（L2）]（ClO4）2（3）,以及[Fe（L2）]（ClO4）2·2H2O（4）,（其中L1＝4’-苯基-2,2’：6’,2”-三联吡啶,L2＝N,N,N-三-（2-（2-吡啶甲叉氨基）乙基）胺）的合成和性质,以及配合物1、3的晶体结构．配合物1和3的晶体都属于单斜晶系．它们的晶胞参数分别为：1a＝1．0855（4）nm,b＝1．6201（5）nm,c=2.5236（5）nm,β＝92．63（2）°,V＝4．433（1）nm3;3a=2.8351（8）nm,b＝1．0670（3）nm,c＝1．9255（5）m,β＝101．03（4）°,V＝5717（2）nm3．2和4的氧化还原电位分别为E＝0．78V和0．63V‘它们的d-d跃迁吸收最大值分别位于565和521nm处．     

用色谱-质谱方法鉴定薄荷油中的异构体

用毛细管气相色谱－质谱联用、程序升温方法分析了一种薄荷油的化学成分、共分离出20个组分,其中含4组异构体,它们分别是：m/z=136的5个成分α－蒎烯、β－蒎烯、β－月桂烯、α－菲兰烯和柠檬烯;m/z＝154的2个成分（cis)－薄荷酮和（2R－cis)－薄荷酮;m/z＝156的2个成分（1α.2α.5β）－薄荷醇和（1α.2β.5β）－薄荷醇;以及m/z＝204的8个成分（1α,3aα,3bβ,6aβ,6bα）－十氢－3a－甲基－6－亚甲基－1－异丙基－环丁烷并[1,2:3,4]二环戊烯、[1R-(1R,4E,9S)－4,11,11－三甲基－8亚甲基－双环（7．2．0）十一碳4－烯、[1R-(1aα,7α,7aα,7bα]-1a,2,3,5,6,7,7a,7b-八氢－1,1,7,7a-四甲基－1氢－环丙烷[α]并萘、[1aR-(1aα,4aα,7α,7aβ,7bα）－十氢,1,1,7－三甲基4－亚甲基－1－氢－环丙烷[e]并奥、（1S-exo）－2－甲基－3－亚甲基－2－（4－甲基－3－戊烯基）－二环（2．2．1）庚烷、（3aα,3bα,4α,7β,7aR）－八氢－7甲基－3亚甲基－4－异丙基－1氢－不戊烷[ 1,3]并环丙烷[1,2]并苯、1－乙烯基－1－甲基－2－异丙烯基－4（1－甲基亚乙基）环己烷和绿叶烯。     

基于双核Cu（II）-M（II）[M=Pb和Cu]单元的氰基桥联配合物的合成、晶体结构和磁性研究

四个氰基桥联的杂金属配合物{[CuPb（L^1）][FeⅢ（bpb）（CN）2]）2·（C104）2·2H20·2CH3CN（1）,{[CuPb（L^1）]2·[FeⅡ（CN）6]（H20）2J·10H20（2）,{[Cu2（L^2）][FeⅢ（bpb）（CN）2]2}·2H20·2CH30H（3）和{[Cu2（L^2）]3[FeⅢ（CN）612（H20）2}·10H20（4）是通过K[FeⅢ（bpb）（CN）2][bpb=1,2-双（吡啶-2-羧酰氨基）苯二价阴离子]和K3[FeⅢ（cN）】6与双核大环席夫碱化合物[CuPb（L^1）]·（C104）2或[Cu2（L^2）]·（C1O4）2．H2L^1配体是由2,6-二甲基对甲基苯酚、乙二胺和乙二烯三乙胺以1：1：1摩尔比缩合得到,而H2L。配体是由2,6-二甲基对甲基苯酚和丙二胺以1：1摩尔比缩合得到．单晶X射线衍射分析揭示了化合物1是一个由[FeⅢ（bpb）（CN）2r阴离子[CuPb（L^1）]^2＋阳离子交替排列形成的环状杂三金属分子结构．化合物2是一个[Fe（CN）6]^4-离子和两个[CU2L^2]^2＋阳离子构成的哑铃型五核分子结构,该单元通过分子间氢键形成了二维超分子结构．双杂金属配合物3是一个由中心对称的[Cu2（L^2）]^2＋部分与两个含有氰基的fFeⅢ（bpb）（CN）2r离子构筑四核分子．八核化合物4是由两个[Fe（CN）。]3一离子连接了三个[Cu2（L^2）]^2＋离子构筑而成．磁性调查揭示了化合物1、3和4都表现出整体的反铁磁行为．     

铁氰酸镍膜修饰金电极的研制及应用

通过层层组装的方法,将Ni^2＋和[Fe（CN）6]^3-交替沉积在巯基乙酸功能化的金电极表面．首次成功制备了铁氰酸镍多层膜修饰电极,用循环伏安法研究了该多层膜的电化学行为,实验表明峰电流随膜层数的增加而增加,膜均匀增长．该修饰电极对一价金属离子Na^＋,K^＋,NH4^＋具有选择性响应,尤其对K^＋存在准能斯特响应,响应范围0．01～1．0mol／L;而且该电极对抗坏血酸（AA）和S2O3^2-体系的氧化具有良好的电催化作用,线性范围分别为：1．14×10^-4～1．14×10^-3mol／L和5．0×10^-4～3．1×10^-3mol／L．     

镀铜锌粒还原-流动注射-化学发光同时测定两种价态的铁

建立了镀铜的锌粒在线还原微柱，还原Fe3+成Fe2+，鲁米诺中加EDTA增强鲁米诺-溶解氧-铁（Ⅱ）系统的发光强度，同时测两种价态的铁，提高灵敏度160倍，线性范围均为1×10－9～1×10－5mol／L．RSD≤6．0％，Fe3+和Fe2+的检出限分别为3．5×10－10和2．7×10-10mol／L。每小时可测定60个试样，测定结果与标准方法无显著差异。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定人血浆中利培酮及其代谢物的质量浓度

建立了测定人血浆中利培酮及其活性代谢物9-羟利培酮质量浓度的反相高效液相色谱方法。用Zor－baxODSC18色谱柱,以V（甲醇）：V（水）：V（1mol／L醋酸铵）：V（3mol／L氨水）＝300：50：3：1为流动相,检测波长为280nm,流速为0．8mL／min。利培酮的线性范围为2～600μg／L（r＝0．996）,回收率为（98．2±3．5）％,日内与日间的标准偏差分别为4．12％和4．83％;9-羟利培酮的线性范围为2～800μg／L（r＝0．998）,回收率为（97．8±3．8）％,日内与日间的标准偏差分别为4．28％和4．81％。     

氨基改性Fe_(3)O_(4)纳米材料修饰电极同时测定Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+)北大核心CSCD

采用溶剂热法一步合成氨基改性的Fe_(2)O_(4)(NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4))纳米材料,通过扫描电镜、红外光谱、X射线衍射等方法对合成纳米材料进行表征,并将NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)滴涂在玻碳电极(GCE)表面制成电化学传感电极(NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)/GCE)。结果发现,NH_(2)-Fe_(3)O_(4)/GCE在最优条件下可以同时测定Cd^(2+)和Pb^(2+),Cd^(2+)在1.2×10^(-8)~9.6×10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)浓度范围内与峰电流值呈良好的线性关系(R=0.9949),检测限为1.4×10^(-9)mol·L^(-1);Pb^(2+)在4.8×10^(-8)~9.6×10^(-5)mol·L^(-1)时浓度范围内与峰电流值呈良好的线性关系(R=0.9843),检测限是2.7×10^(-9)mol·L^(-1)。     

电位对α-Fe2O3和掺钛α-Fe2O3光氧化水电荷转移速率常数的影响

外加一定的阳极电位可提高未掺杂的α-Fe₂O₃和Ti掺杂的α-Fe₂O₃(Ti-Fe₂O₃)电极的光电流或光电化学氧化水的速率, 但文献中通常假定电位全部降落在半导体固体一侧(带边钉扎), 其对界面电荷转移速率常数的影响鲜见报道. 本文应用电化学阻抗谱研究了外加电位对这两种电极光电化学氧化水时界面电荷转移速率常数的影响.结果表明: 随着外加阳极电位增大,两种电极的界面电荷转移速率常数均增大,但速率常数增幅比理论预期的要小, 表明电位并不是全部降落在电极的亥姆霍兹层, 而是同时降落在空间电荷层和亥姆霍兹层(费米能级钉扎). 表面态电容测量结果表明光生电荷可在表面态中积累, 导致了电位在电极界面重新分布并提高了界面电荷转移速率常数.相同电位下, 光强越强, 光生空穴在表面态积累越多, 降落在亥姆霍兹层中的电位增加,电荷转移速率常数也更大. 与α-Fe₂O₃相比,外加阳极电位对Ti-Fe₂O₃的界面转移速率常数提高更为明显.     

α-Fe2O3/SiO2纳米颗粒混合体系表面的酸碱性质及其对重金属离子的吸附行为

以Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料, 通过溶胶-凝胶法和辅助模板法分别制备了纳米α-Fe₂O₃和SiO₂, 并对所合成样品进行了粉末X射线衍射(XRD)和BET表征. 使用自动电位滴定仪测定了α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂纳米颗粒混合体系的表面酸碱性质. 研究了在不同pH下α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系对Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺离子的吸附行为. 基于上述实验数据, 用WinSGW软件计算了α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系表面酸碱配位常数, 并得出结论: α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系表面反应为单一脱质子反应≡XOH ⇔ ≡XO^-+ H⁺(lg K = -8.19±0.15), 明显区别于同时具有加质子和脱质子反应的α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃, α-Fe₂O₃/γ-Al₂O₃和SiO₂/γ-Al₂O₃等纳米颗粒混合体系. 在此基础上拟合得到α-Fe₂O₃/SiO₂混合体系吸附重金属离子Cu²⁺、Pb²⁺、Zn²⁺的表面络合反应平衡常数分别为:
≡XOH + M²⁺ ⇔ ≡XOM⁺+ H⁺ [lg K = -3.1, -3.6, -3.8 (M = Cu, Pb, Zn)].
≡XOH＋M²⁺＋H₂O ⇔≡XOMOH＋2H⁺[lg K = -8.8, -8.0, -10.5 (M = Cu, Pb, Zn)]     

红外导数光谱鉴定铁系复合氧化物中γ-Fe2O3

It is well known that γ-Fe_2O_3 is a very active and selective catalyst for okidative dehydrogenation ofbutene to butadiene. It is hard, however, to distingulsh between ferrite spinels and therefore to identify its existence in ferrite-ferric oxide catalysts using XRD. On the IR spectra γ-Fe_2O_3 has characteristic bands in the range of 600~800 cm~(-1), which do not exist for α-Fe_2O_3, Fe3O4, ZnFe_2O_4 and MgFe_2O_4. But these bands are too weak to deterAnne for the small amount of γ-Fe_2O_3, e g. less than 30% (mass fraction), in catalysts.
Usually using second derivative IR spectra can increase the analytical sensitivity substantially. The mechanical mixtures of γ-Fe_2O_3 and MgFe_2O_4 in different ratio were prepared and their second derivative IR spectra were taken. It was found that the bands 730 and 695 cm~(-1) were characteristic of γ-Fe_2O_3 and their intensities increased with the content of γ-Fe_2O_3 in the mixtures. A staight line with R=0.994 can describe the relation between γ-Fe_2O_3 content and the peak area of band 695 cm~(-1). The lowest detectable content of γ-Fe_2O_3 is about 1% (mass fraction). The existence of γ-Fe_2O_3 in the used B-02 comercial catalyst was identified by this method.     

SO42-/SnO2-Fe2O3固体酸催化下的环酮Baeyer-Villiger氧化反应及缩合反应

采用共沉淀的方法制备了不同Fe 掺杂量的SO₄^2-/SnO₂-Fe₂O₃固体超强酸催化剂. 利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱, 粉末X射线衍射(XRD), N₂吸附-脱附实验(BET), 热重(TG)分析和扫描电镜(SEM)等方法对样品进行了表征. 考察了所得催化剂对4-叔丁基环己酮与乙二醇缩合反应的催化性能. 实验结果表明, 与未经过掺杂改性的SO₄^2-/SnO₂固体酸催化剂相比, 改性后催化剂的催化性能得到了改善. 研究了以Fe/Sn 摩尔比为0.5的SO₄^2-/SnO₂-Fe₂O₃固体酸为催化剂, 部分醛酮类化合物与乙二醇及1,2-丙二醇的缩合反应. 考察了反应时间、催化剂用量等因素对反应的影响. 同时, 将所得催化剂应用于环酮Baeyer-Villiger 氧化反应中, 催化剂表现出良好的催化活性, 且催化剂具有一定的循环使用性.     

Magnetic diphase nanostructure of ZnFe2O4/γ-Fe2O3

Magnetic diphase nanostructures of ZnFe₂O₄/γ-Fe₂O₃ were synthesized by a solvothermal method. The formation reactions were optimized by tuning the initial molar ratios of Fe/Zn. All samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and Raman spectra. It is found that when the initial molar ratio of Fe/Zn is larger than 2, a diphase magnetic nanostructure of ZnFe₂O₄/γ-Fe₂O₃ was formed, in which the presence of ZnFe₂O₄ enhanced the thermal stability of γ-Fe₂O₃. Further increasing the initial molar ratio of Fe/Zn larger than 6 destabilized the diphase nanostructure and yielded traces of secondary phase α-Fe₂O₃. The grain surfaces of diphase nanostructure exhibited a spin-glass-like structure. At room temperature, all diphase nanostructures are superparamagnetic with saturation magnetization being increased with γ-Fe₂O₃ content.     

静电自组装方法合成的具有多孔三维网络结构的Fe3O4/石墨烯复合材料作为高性能锂离子电池负极材料

采用静电自组装方法,分两步合成Fe（OH）₃/GO前驱体（GO：氧化石墨烯）,再通过水热反应和600 ℃高纯氮气气氛下煅烧,获得了Fe₃O₄/石墨烯复合材料. 通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、高分辨透射电镜（HRTEM）、拉曼（Raman）光谱等多种分析,发现该复合材料具有三维多孔石墨烯网络结构. 把合成的这种Fe₃O₄/石墨烯复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料,电化学测试结果表明其具有优良的电化学性能：首次放电容量为1390 mAh·g^-1,50次循环后容量为819 mAh·g^-1. 通过对比实验表明,三维石墨烯网络结构的形成对复合材料的电化学循环稳定性起着关键作用.     

制备方法对WO3/ZrO2结构的影响

WO3/ZrO2 catalysts prepared from Zr(OH)4 and crystallized ZrO2 have been characterized by means of XRD, LRS (qualitative and quantitative), and the specific sufrace area has been measured. The influence of the preparation method, the contents of WO3 in the samples and the calcination tempearture on the specific surface areas of the samples, the phase of support and the structural states of active component has been studied. The results show: (1) WO3 can disperse on ZrO2 as a monolayer; (2) WO3 dispersed on Zr(OH)4 as a monolayer retards the crystalline growth of the support on calcination, makes it crystallizing into a metastable tetragonal modification, and prevents the inter- crystalline sintering between the crystallites of ZrO2. These factors would result in an increase in the specific surface area of WO3／ZrO2 prepared from Zr(OH)4. As the content of WO3 in the sample comes up to its monolayer capacity, this effect is displayed most fully. A chemical reaction can occur between WO3 and Zr(OH)4 (or the tetragonal ZrO2) at a high temperature(800℃),producing some superacid sites on the surface. By these views, the main experimental facts published in the literatures can been interpreted satisfactotily.     

均分散胶体的研究 III. 均分散Fe2O3粒子的制备

Spindal, star-shaped and bipyramidal monodispersed particles of Fe_2O_3 were prepared from solutions of Fe(NO_3)_3 by using the simplified procedures under general experimental conditions.The concentration and pH domains for the preparation of these monodispersed systems have been given. One of the important factors which affect the shape of pricipited particles formed at elevated temperature is pH value in the initial solution. The transformation of particles in various shapes were observed by using an electron microscope. The obtained results will be helpfull to preparation in a large scale and practical application of the monodispersed systems.     

卟啉H2TSPP和Ag(II)TSPP吸附在均分散Fe3O4胶体上的拉曼光谱

Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) of tetrasodium meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphine (H2TSPP) and silver tetraphenylporphyrin (Ag(Ⅱ)TSPP) adsorbed spontaneously on uniform Fe3O4 colloids are recorded. The enhancement of Raman bands is approximately 30. An analysis of the SERS spectrum shows that on the Fe3O4 surface H2TSPP takes its diacid form H42+TSPP.     

MgFe2O4纳米粉体的水热合成及其表征(英)

MgFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were hydrothermally synthesized at 150 ℃ using iron nitrate [Fe(NO₃)₃·9H₂O], magnesium nitrate [Mg(NO₃)₂·6H₂O] and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) as starting materials by carefully controlling the reaction conditions. The influences of several factors such as presence or absence of Na⁺, molar ratio of Fe³⁺ / Mg²⁺, concentration of mental ions, temperature and reaction time on resultant products were investigated in the hydrothermal process. The sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and its magnetic properties were measured using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM).