变截面黏弹性直杆纵振时复频率分析的差分解法

从一维黏弹性本构方程出发,导出了黏弹性变截面直杆纵向振动微分方程的一般形式,采用了有限差分法,并以二阶矩阵表示的递推形式,建立了该问题的复特征值方程组。两种Maxwell黏弹性变截面（指数指数、线性函数）直杆的数值计算表明,该方法运算简单,计算精度高,能适用于求解任意变截面黏弹性直属的纵向自由振动问题。     

R-函数理论及准Green函数方法在正交各向异性板振动问题中的应用

首次将R-函数理论及准Green函数方法应用于求解固支正交各向异性薄板的自由振动问题。首先引入参数变换,将正交各向异性薄板的自由振动微分方程转化为双调和算子的边值问题,并应用R-函数理论,以解析函数形式描述复杂边界形状;利用问题的基本解和边界方程构造了一个准Green函数,该函数满足了问题的齐次边界条件;通过R-函数理论构造适当的边界方程,消除了积分方程核的奇异性;再采用Green公式将其化为第二类Fredholm积分方程。数值算例表明:该方法减少了理论计算量,精度较高。本文还证明了其优越性和正确性,是一种新型的数学方法。     

考虑轴向均布载荷时压杆的稳定性计算

为了求得压杆同时承受轴向均布载荷和集中载荷时,临界载荷的计算公式,首先对仅承受轴向均布载荷的压杆,用初参数法,导出了临界载荷特征方程,由软件分析特征方程发现, "固支--定向"、"固支--自由"、"铰支--定向"支承的压杆,轴向均布载荷对其稳定性有明显影响,并求得了临界载荷的近似解;其次采用载荷换算与叠加的方法,求得了压杆同时承受轴向均布载荷和集中载荷时,临界载荷计算的经验公式;最后就"固支--自由"支承的压杆,与其他一些研究结果进行了比较,本文结果与"平均结果"较吻合.     

静水荷载作用下矩形薄板力学特性研究及其应用

基于平面闸门研究了两种边界条件下矩形薄板在水荷载作用下的挠度、内力、应力的分布规律。利用单三角级数分别构造了两对边简支一边固支一边自由以及三边固支一边自由矩形薄板在水压力作用下的挠曲变形函数,并依据最小势能原理求解了挠曲变形函数系数,最后根据薄板小挠度弯曲理论得到了两种边界条件下矩形薄板的内力与应力函数,并对挠度、内力、应力的分布规律进行了比较分析。结果表明,在相同静水压力作用下,两对边简支一边固支一边自由和三边固支一边自由矩形薄板的挠度以及内力分布规律不尽相同,其中三边固支一边自由矩形薄板挠度及背水面出现的最大拉应力值较两对边简支一边固支一边自由矩形薄板的要小。     

边界元法分析粘性液体小幅晃动

本文采用了边界元法对容器中粘性、不可压缩液体小幅晃动进行数值分析。在频域内考虑二维线性化Navier-Stokes方程,以问题的物理变量作为数值分析的未知函数,并推导了该问题分析的边界积分方程。自由面上的动力学条件为法向正应力和切向剪应力为零,这两个条件本身是线性的,避免了采用无粘势理论边界条件的非线性,固壁面上采用流体质点与固壁质点速度相等的条件,在数值计算过程中,结合有限差分法对边界条件进行了处理,由此建立了问题的一个边界元数值求解过程。     

一类非均质楔形直杆的振动分析

本文从一类变系数二阶微分方程的一个通解入手,分析了一类非均质楔形直杆的纵向自由振动,得到了这类直杆在一种边界条件下的频率方程和振型函数.     

基于辛方法的功能梯度圆柱壳振动特性分析

基于辛方法分析了功能梯度圆柱壳的自由振动特性。从薄壳理论和功能梯度材料特性出发,得到了功能梯度圆柱壳自由振动时的拉格朗日密度函数。引入对偶变量,经哈密顿正则变换,导出了功能梯度圆柱壳自由振动的哈密顿正则方程,将问题转化为求解哈密顿矩阵的辛本征值问题,得到了两端固支和两端简支两种边界条件下功能梯度圆柱壳的量纲为一的固有频率。数值结果表明:简支和固支两种边界条件下功能梯度圆柱壳的量纲为一的固有频率随体积分数、厚径比、环向波数的变化规律基本相同,但在数值上略有差别;量纲为一的固有频率随环向波数的增大呈现先减小后增大的现象,随厚径比的增大而增大,随材料体积分数的增大而逐渐减小。     

含固支端梁的解析解

采用弹性力学的应力函数法求含固支端梁的应力和位移时,无法严格满足固支端的实际边界条件,需要采用简化的固支边界条件。本文对已有的简化固支边界条件进行了改进,基于新的简化固支边界条件,推导出了四种含固支端梁的应力和位移的解析解,并进行了相应的数值计算,对几种固支边界条件进行了讨论。由本文方法得到的上表面受均布载荷作用悬臂梁的位移u和v的解析解与有限元解的最大误差分别为3.0%和1.0%,两端固支梁的应力σx的解析解与有限元解的最大误差为5.3%。通过理论与数值结果的比较表明,本文改进的固支边界条件是对固支端一种很好的简化。     

环扇形薄板弯曲问题的环向辛对偶求解方法

根据平面弹性与薄板弯曲问题的相似性原理,极坐标系板弯曲的弯矩函数被引入作为原变量,并通过恰当的辛内积定义建立了环扇形薄板弯曲问题的一个辛几何空间. 然后应用类Hellinger-Reissner变分原理,导出了辛几何空间的对偶方程,从而将环扇形薄板弯曲问题导入到辛对偶求解体系. 于是,分离变量和本征展开的有效数学物理方法得以实施,给出环扇形薄板弯曲问题的一个分析求解方法. 具体讨论了两弧边简支和两弧边一边固支一边自由薄板的本征问题,分别导出它们对应的本征值超越方程和本征向量,并给出原问题本征展开形式的通解. 最后,给出了两个算例的分析解并与已有文献或数值方法的解进行了对比,结果表明该方法有很好的收敛性和精度.      

变厚度矩形薄板的一般解

本文应用“两步级数展开”法构造了任意变厚度各向同性弹性矩形薄板的一般理论解。文中研究了四边简支、四边固支以及两对边简支另两边含自由边的矩形板的一般解和一些特例。最后,用数值算例证实了本文方法的有效性。     

弹性杆盘绕折叠的力学分析

以可伸展空间结构元件的盘绕折叠过程为工程背景,分析受圆柱面单面约束的弹性直杆变形为螺旋杆,最终压缩为叠放的平面圆环的变形过程.对此空间大变形的分析不允许利用小变形假设进行简化.由于约束力的存在,也不能直接利用忽略分布力的Kirchhoff弹性杆方程.本文以表述截面姿态的欧拉角为变量,建立受圆柱面约束弹性杆平衡的非线性方程.利用方程的初积分计算杆截面的内力和力矩.忽略盘绕过程的惯性效应,将参数连续改变的螺旋线状态作为杆盘绕过程中的准平衡状态.导出为实现盘绕过程需要施加的轴向压力和扭矩随螺旋角的变化规律.根据一次近似稳定性理论分析得出:两端铰支弹性杆当相对扭率为零时不能保证螺旋线平衡的稳定性.若杆端支承允许存在相对扭转,则轴向压力和扭矩按文中确定的规律变化时可以保证盘绕过程的稳定性.     

等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确分析方法

为了有效完成大型铰接单层网壳结构的后屈曲分析,本文采用对杆单元杆端力函数求导的方法推导出了等直杆单元切线刚度矩阵的精确形式。该切线刚度矩阵不受结构小变形限制,适用于结构产生任意大结点位移情况。以六角星桁架、平面圆拱桁架和大跨K8单层网壳结构为算例,采用广义位移控制法进行非线性后屈曲分析,其中预测子采用本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵。算例分析结果表明,本文杆单元切线刚度矩阵在大型铰接单层网壳结构的非线性后屈曲分析中有很强的预测能力。     

Spatial Motion of a Rod in a Viscous Fluid Flow

Equations of spatial motion of a curved finitelength rod in a viscous fluid flow are derived. Analytical solutions of problems on the motion of a straight rod under conditions of pure shear, simple shear, and uniaxial extension of the fluid are obtained. Longitudinal stability of the straight rod during its spatial motion is considered. Effective viscosity of a suspension filled by rigid straight rods is evaluated.     

Monofrequent oscillations in mechanical systems governed by second order hyperbolic differential equations with small non-linearities

The solution to certain second order hyperbolic differential equations with weak non-linearities is found by using the Krylov Bogoliubov-Mitropolskii method. Both autonomous and non-autonomous equations are considered, and in the latter case, both the non-resonant and resonant problems are solved. The general methods are applied to the case of the longitudinal vibrations of a rod in which non-linear elastic behavior, nonlinear viscoelastic behavior, and viscous damping occur.     

The follower load problem and bifurcation to periodic motions

The problem of a follower load applied to a thin cantilevered elastic rod is presented. The stability of the straight static solution is considered, and a post-critical analysis is performed to describe non-trivial periodic motions. As the magnitude of the follower load is increased past a critical value, the real valued frequencies of the linearized system coalesce and then split apart with complex-conjugate values, rendering the straight state unstable. A Liapunov-Schmidt reduction is used to analyze the non-linear governing equations and to investigate the possibility of non-trivial periodic solutions. The rod is assumed to be incompressible and unshearable while only general requirements are made on the constitutive rule for bending. It is found that in the post-critical regime the higher order terms in the constitutive rule play an important role in determining whether non-trivial periodic solutions are possible.     

Fundamental equations of large spatial deflection problems of rods and its application to drilling engineering

The fundamental equations for analysis of a straight slender rod which deform atlarge deflections of order of several times of the dimension of the cross section of therod are derived by using convected coordinate system.In accordance with the practiceof oil drilling,an effective method of three dimensional static analysis of bottom-holeassemblies is simply described.Errors in reference[8]are pointed out.     

Exact solution of the non-linear differential equation concerning the elastic line of a straight rod due to terminal loading

In this paper a closed-form solution of the differential equation

related to the elastic line of a straight thin rod due to a terminal co-planar loading, is obtained. Based on this solution, the problem of eccentric buckling of the same rod, taking into account the influence of transverse shear deformations, is examined.     

Deformation of thin straight pipes under concentrated forces or prescribed edge displacements

The purpose of this paper is to present an efficient analytic method for obtaining the deformation of thin straight pipes, subjected to prescribed edge displacements or concentrated loads.The approach uses the mixed formulation where unknown functions are combined with trigonometric terms. A variational procedure is used to obtain the system of ordinary differential equations. For the applied load a Fourier approach is used to represent the load as an analytical function. For the prescribed displacement, three solutions for the ovalization are evaluated and a method based on energy contribution of each term is used to obtain their superposition.In contrast to finite element method the proposed method is efficient and can be applied to other boundary condition problems leading to continuous displacement and stress fields with a low number of unknowns. Comparisons with experimental and finite element procedures show good agreement that enhances the merits of the analytical solutions proposed.The value of this method is based on solving the differential equations rather than using commercial codes. So far, the solution of prescribed edge displacements has been limited to one term. This paper discusses how to add further terms using the mixed formulation, thus, presenting a novel procedure.     

圆截面弹性细杆的平面振动

基于Kirchhoff理论讨论圆截面弹性细杆的平面振动．以杆中心线的Frenet坐标系为参考系建立动力学方程．杆作平面运动时，其扭转振动与弯曲振动解耦．讨论任意形状杆的扭转振动和轴向受压直杆在无扭转条件下的弯曲振动，证明直杆平衡的静态Lyapunov稳定性与欧拉稳定性条件为动态稳定性的必要条件．考虑轴向力和截面转动惯性效应的影响，导出弯曲振动的固有频率．