基于弹性半空间Green函数的明置条形基础阻抗解答

基于弹性半空间理论,在Lamb解的基础上推导了非轴对称的简谐线激振荷载及条形均布激振荷载作用下的地基Green函数。然后将明置条形基础与地基的接触面分割成若干个条形单元,根据刚体位移所决定的各单元位移,运用上述Green函数求解各单元的接触力,将所求得的力叠加即为地基阻抗函数。通过分段积分法及Cauchy主值积分对涉及的多值广义积分进行数值处理,计算了明置条形基础的垂直阻抗,观察了其收敛性,亦计算了其水平和回转动柔度,并与半解析半数值的薄层法的结果进行了比较,表现出很好的一致性。最后通过算例讨论了土体泊松比对明置条形基础阻抗的影响。     

成层非饱和地基上矩形基础稳态响应解析研究

采用积分变换法求解非饱和土的控制方程,得到变换域内土体的位移和应力表达式;建立了单层非饱和土体的刚度矩阵,并组装每一层的刚度矩阵,构成了层状地基的总体刚度矩阵;结合地基上下表面的边界条件,推导了层状非饱和地基表面位移的积分形式解答。另外,选取带有补充项的双重余弦级数解作为矩形基础的振型函数,并令其与地表位移按余弦级数展开的表达式相等,建立了矩形基础与地基的协调条件。最后,联立矩形基础的控制方程、边界条件和基础与地基之间的协调条件,求解得到矩形基础的挠度幅值、弯矩幅值以及基底压力幅值。选取已有文献中的非饱和土参数计算,其结果与文献吻合良好,验证了本文方法的正确性。本文进一步研究了单层地基和双层地基上矩形板的动力响应,分析了土体参数对矩形基础动力响应幅值的影响规律。结果表明:地基层厚与基础尺寸之比为5时,地基就可以看作半空间地基;矩形基础的稳态响应随非饱和土的饱和度的增大而减小;渗透率对矩形基础动力响应的影响不明显。     

多层地基上轴对称受荷刚性圆板问题

利用刚性圆板表面各点位移相等,并结合刚性圆板与地基表面的位移相容条件与光滑接触条件,经由Hankel变换,推导出了刚性圆板与分层地基表面接触应力的对偶积分方程;求解该对偶积分方程,再由多层地基应力与位移的传递矩阵解,并经Hankel逆变换,得到了多层地基上轴对称受荷刚性圆板问题的解.编制了计算程序,并进行了数值分析与计算.计算结果表明:对均匀地基而言,实际工程的计算分析可只考虑4倍刚性圆板直径以内深度范围内的应力与位移;而地基的分层性对地基的位移和应力有着较大的影响,简单地将均匀地基的结论推广到分层和非均匀地基是不恰当的.     

饱和土埋置力源的三维动力Lamb问题解答

基于一组弹性土波动方程，应用Fourier级数展开和Hankel积分变换，得到了三维问题饱和土骨架与孔隙水的应力及位移分量在变换域内的积分形式通解．考虑地基表面透水情形，由边界条件导出了半空间饱和土体在埋置力源作用下的三维动力Lamb问题的解答．给出了埋置水平力作用下地基表面竖向位移、径向位移及周向位移的数值解．该研究为运用边界元法求解饱和地基的动力响应课题奠定了理论基础．     

多层弹性半空间问题解的精确刚度矩阵法

利用二维Fourier积分变换和刚度矩阵法,得到了直角坐标系下多层弹性半空间问题的精确解.在推导的过程中,直接从空间弹性力学的基本方程出发,利用积分变换等数学手段,首先推导出了单层空间弹性问题的刚度矩阵,然后按有限元法组成总体刚度矩阵.通过求解由总体刚度矩阵所构成的代数方程和积分逆变换,就可解出在任意静荷载作用下多层弹性半空间问题的精确解.由于刚度矩阵中不含有正指数项,计算时不会出现溢出现象,从而克服了传递矩阵法的缺点.由于在推导过程中摒弃了应力函数的选择,使得问题的求解更加合理化.最后还给出了计算实例来证明推导结果的准确性.     

非饱和弹性半空间地基的稳态响应半解析法研究

应用半解析法研究简谐荷载下非饱和弹性半空间地基的稳态响应。基于非饱和土的动力控制方程以及非饱和弹性半空间的边界条件,建立地基层单元的半解析函数,应用加权残数法得到在简谐荷载下非饱和弹性半空间地基的稳态响应半解析方程。对半解析方程求解,得到了竖向简谐荷载作用下非饱和弹性地基水平位移和竖向位移幅值,数值分析了饱和度和地基深度等参数对孔压和位移幅值的影响。研究结果表明,应用本文方法研究非饱和弹性半空间地基的稳态响应是切实有效的。     

SH波对浅埋弹性圆柱及裂纹的散射与地震动

采用Green函数、复变函数和多极坐标等方法研究含圆柱形弹性夹杂的弹性半空间中任意位置、任意方位有限长度裂纹对SH波的散射与地震动. 构造了含圆柱形弹性夹杂的半空间对SH波的散射波,并求解了适合本问题Green函数,即含有圆柱形弹性夹杂的半空间内(表面)任意一点承受时间谐和的出平面线源载荷作用时位移函数的基本解答. 利用裂纹``切割'方法在任意位置构造任意方位的裂纹,可以得到基体中圆柱形弹性夹杂和裂纹同时存在条件下的位移场与应力场. 通过数值算例,讨论各种参数对夹杂上方地表位移的影响.      

黏弹性半空间体内部作用水平力时的理论分析

研究假定半无限体为线性黏弹性介质,土体在内部水平集中力作用下的应力球张量和应变球张量之间符合弹性关系,而应力偏张量和应变偏张量之间符合三参数固体黏弹性应力应变关系.利用半空间体内部受水平向集中力的Mindlin弹性理论解,根据弹性--弹黏性相应原理,系统推导了水平集中力作用在半无限体内部时的应力与位移分量的黏弹性解.通过对应力与位移分量在拉氏域内的解答进行Laplace逆变换,给出了应力与位移分量的时域解.作为黏弹性解答的应用,基于上述解答给出了水平向均布荷栽下作用在半空间体内部时的黏弹性位移计算公式,并编制了便于工程应用的计算程序.结果验证与深埋锚板的算例分析表明,本文的理论解答对实际工程具有一定的理论及应用价值.     

界面脱胶圆夹杂对SH波散射的远场解

采用Green函数方法和复变函数法研究了SH波对界面脱胶圆夹杂的散射问题,并给出 了远场解答. 首先,沿双质材料界面将整个空间分成上下两部分, 在下半空间,给出了在水 平表面上任意一点承受时间谐和的出平面线源载荷作用时的位移函数,取该位移函数作为 Green函数. 其次,在下半空间,利用相关文献给出的Green函数,在上下空间连接时在双质材料界面处满足 连续性条件,构造出半圆形脱胶裂纹,进而求出应力和位移的表达式,建立积分方 程组, 给出了散射波远场位移模式和散射截面的解答, 分析了在不同参数变化时SH 波散射的远场特性. 结果表明,脱胶结构的存在对位移和散射截面有较大的放大作用.     

Plane strain consolidation of a multi-layered soil with anisotrpic permeability and compressible constituents

对多层地基的平面应变固结问题进行了研究,并同时考虑了土体的渗透各向异性和孔隙 流体的可压缩性. 从平面应变Biot固结的控制方程出发,对时间t, 坐标z和x进行 Laplace和Fourier变换,建立了地基表面(z=0)和任意深度z处的基本量 在Laplace-Fourier变换域内的传递矩阵关系. 利用传递矩阵 法,结合土层连续条件和边界条件,并应用Laplace-Fourier逆变换技术,推导出渗透各向 异性可压缩多层地基平面应变固结的理论解. 基于该解,编制了计算程序,并进行了 数值计算. 讨论了土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性以及地基的分层特性对地基固 结的影响,分析结果表明：土体的渗透各向异性、孔隙流体的可压缩性,以及地基的分层特 性对地基的固结行为有着重要的影响.     

Static response of a layered magneto-electro-elastic half-space structure under circular surface loading

A cylindrical system of vector functions, the stiffness matrix method and the corresponding recursive algorithm are proposed to investigate the static response of transversely isotropic,layered magneto-electro-elastic(MEE) structures over a homogeneous half-space substrate subjected to circular surface loading. In terms of the system of vector functions, we expand the extended displacements and stresses, and deduce two sets of ordinary differential equations, which are related to the expansion coeficients. The solution to one of the two sets of these ordinary differential equations can be evaluated by using the stiffness matrix method and the corresponding recursive algorithm. These expansion coeficients are then integrated by adaptive Gaussian quadrature to obtain the displacements and stresses in the physical domain. Two types of surface loads, mechanical pressure and electric loading,are considered in the numerical examples. The calculated results show that the proposed technique is stable and effective in analyzing the layered half-space MEE structures under surface loading.     

各向异性弹性力学一般边值问题的广义Stroh公式

当边值问题是简单的,即是应力边值问题时,Stroh公式是很有效的。对于混合边值问题,倒如滑动边界条件,Stroh公式中的简洁的矩阵表达式就失效了。我们提出了一个广义的Stroh公式,它可应用于一大类一般的边界条件。简单的边界条件和滑动边界条件是这一类一般边界条件的特殊情形。值得指出的是,这个关于Stroh公式所作的修正并不大。广义的公式和最后的解答看起来很类似于未修正的原公式和原来的解。然而这个修正却可应用于相当广的边界条件。     

Generalized stroh formalism for anisotropic elasticity for general boundary conditions

The Stroh formalism is most elegant when the boundary conditions are simple, namely, they are prescribed in terms of traction or displacement. For mixed boundary conditions such as there for a slippery boundary, the concise matrix expressions of the Stroh formalism are destroyed. We present a generalized Stroh formalism which is applicable to a class of general boundary conditions. The general boundary conditions include the simple and slippery boundary conditions as special cases. For Green's functions for the half space, the general solution is applicable to the case when the surface of the half-space is a fixed, a free, a slippery, or other more general boundary. For the Griffith crack in the infinite space, the crack can be a slit-like crack with free surfaces, a rigid line inclusion (which is sometimes called an anticrack), or a rigid line with slippery surface or with other general surface conditions. It is worth mention that the modifications required on the Stroh formalism are minor. The generalized formalism and the final solutions look very similar to those of unmodified version. Yet the results are applicable to a rather wide range of boundary conditions.     

The effect of path cut on Somigliana ring dislocations in a half-space

This paper provides solutions for the stress and displacement fields induced in a half-space by an edge dislocation of constant magnitude, where the dislocation line is a circular ring lying in a plane parallel with the free surface. Two types of edge dislocations are considered; the prismatic form with a displacement discontinuity vector normal to the surface and cases with radial dislocation vectors. The latter are not true Volterra dislocations and produce different results for different path cuts these effects are investigated in some detail. The primary application of these results is for analysis of axisymmetric problems – the radial dislocations would be impossible in finite material.     

斜交连续梁桥数值分析研究

在分析了矩阵位移法和传递矩阵法的理论基础上，将二者组合而成矩阵混合法。矩阵混合法的实质就是将结构物的一端未知向量通过矩阵的简单乘法传递到另一端，再将已知条件代入求解的过程。在矩阵传递的过程中引入位移法中的前进代入的概念，即将未知向量不断地以新的未知向量替换，可以防止误差的传递和积累。将矩阵混合法运用于斜交连续梁桥内力计算，完成了矩阵混合法在斜交连续梁桥内力计算中的理论推导和程序的设计，给出了实际算例并与有限元法进行了比较。     

SH波入射半空间双相介质界面附近圆形衬砌的动力分析

利用复变函数和Green函数法研究了无限半空间中双相介质界面附近圆形衬砌对SH波的散射与动应力集中问题。该问题的解答采用镜像法,首先构造出含有圆形衬砌的直角平面区域出平面问题的Green函数,然后利用“契合”技术,并根据界面处位移连续性条件将解答归结为具有弱奇异性的第一类Fredholm积分方程组的求解,结合散射波的衰减特性,直接离散该方程组,把积分方程组转化为线性代数方程组可得到该问题的数值结果。最后,通过算例分析了不同介质参数、几何参数和入射波时圆形衬砌界面的动应力集中情况。     

SH波入射时垂直半空间中双相介质界面附近圆孔的动力分析

利用复变函数和Green函数法研究了垂直半空间中双相介质界面附近圆孔对SH波的散射与动应力集中问题。该问题的解答采用镜像法,首先构造出含有圆孔的直角平面区域出平面问题的Green函数,然后利用契合技术,并根据界面处位移连续性条件将解答归结为具有弱奇异性的第一类Fredholm积分方程组的求解,结合散射波的衰减特性,直接离散该方程组,把积分方程组转化为线性代数方程组可得到该问题的数值结果。最后,通过算例分析了圆孔的动应力集中情况。结果表明,与全空间中界面附近圆孔对SH波的散射相比,由于垂直半空间自由边界的存在,孔边动应力集中系数明显增大;另外,入射波由硬介质(波速大)进入到软介质(波速小)时,与均匀介质相比,孔边动应力集中更显著,最不利的参数组合,孔边动应力集中系数几乎提高了一倍,入射波由软介质进入到硬介质时,情况相反。     

An analytical solution of an axisymmetric problem of deforming an isotropic half-space with an elastic fixed boundary under the action of a distributed load

An analytical solution to the axisymmetric problem on the action of a distributed load on an isotropic half-space when the load is given by a function dependent on the radial coordinate is obtained. The surface of the half-space is elastically fixed outside the circular domain of load application, the shear stresses are absent along the entire boundary, and the stresses vanish at infinity. At the boundary and inside the elastic half-space, the solutions are represented by the formulas for the stress tensor components and for the displacement vector components.     

A Radiation Condition for Layered Elastic Media

This study aims to establish a generalized radiation condition for time-harmonic elastodynamic states in a piecewise-homogeneous, semi-infinite solid wherein the “bottom” homogeneous half-space is overlain by an arbitrary number of bonded parallel layers. To consistently deal with both body and interfacial (e.g. Rayleigh, Love and Stoneley) waves comprising the far-field patterns, the radiation condition is formulated in terms of an integral over a sufficiently large hemisphere involving elastodynamic Green's functions for the featured layered medium. On explicitly proving the reciprocity identity for the latter set of point-load solutions, it is first shown that the layered Green's functions themselves satisfy the generalized radiation condition. By virtue of this result it is further demonstrated that the entire class of layered elastodynamic solutions, admitting a representation in terms of the single-layer, double-layer, and volume potentials (distributed over finite domains), satisfy the generalized radiation condition as well. For a rigorous treatment of the problem, fundamental results such as the uniqueness theorem for radiating elastodynamic states, Graffi's reciprocity theorem for piecewise-homogeneous domains, and the integral representation theorem for semi-infinite layered media are also established.     

An exact solution for transversely isotropic,simply supported and layered rectangular plates

Levinson's solution for the problem of a simply supported rectangular plate of arbitrary thickness by normal surface loads is extended to the transversely isotropic and layered case. The exact closed form solution is obtained by using the propagator matrix method in a system of vector functions. As a special case of the layered medium, the normal displacement or deflection of a homogeneous plate of arbitrary thickness by normal surface loads is also given. It is shown that it approaches the classical solution for the transversely isotropic thin plate as the thickness approaches zero on the one hand, and on the other hand reduces to the thick plate expression as given by Levinson when the medium is isotropic.