Several solution methods for the generalized complex eigenvalue problem with bounded uncertainties

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the effects of uncertain-but-bounded parameters on the complex eigenvalues of the non-proportional damping structures. By combining the interval mathematics and the finite element analysis, the mass matrix, the damping matrix and the stiffness matrix were represented as the interval matrices. Firstly, with the help of the optimization theory, we presented an exact solution—the vertex solution theorem, for determining the exact upper bounds or maximum values and exact lower bounds or minimum values of complex eigenvalues of structures, where the extreme values are reached on the boundary of the interval mass, damping and stiffness matrices. Then, an interval perturbation method was proposed, which needs less computational efforts. A numerical example of a seven degree-of-freedom spring-damping-mass system was used to illustrate the computational aspects of the presented vertex solution theorem and the interval perturbation method in comparison with Deif’s method.     

Exact bounds for the static response set of structures with uncertain-but-bounded parameters

The numerical estimation of the static displacement bounds of structures with uncertain-but-bounded parameters is considered in this paper. By representing each uncertain-but-bounded parameter as an interval number or vector, a static response analysis problem for the structure can be expressed in the form of a system of linear interval equations, in which the coefficient matrix and the right-hand side term are, respectively, the interval matrix and the interval vector. In this study, we present two new simple mathematical proofs of the vertex solution theorem using Cramer’s rule for solving linear interval equations, different from the other proof methods, to find the upper and lower bounds on the set of solutions. The first takes advantage of optimization theory, while the second is based on interval extension. By means of a typical example considered first by Hansen, it can be seen that the result calculated by the vertex solution theorem is the same as one predicted by the Oettli–Prager criterion. Examples of a three-stepped beam and a 10-bar truss are presented to illustrate the computational aspects of the vertex solution theorem in comparison with the interval perturbation method.     

PARALLEL COMPUTING FOR STATIC RESPONSE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURES WITH UNCERTAIN-BUT-BOUNDED PARAMETERS

The vertex solution for estimation on the static displacement bounds of structures with uncertain-but-bounded parameters is studied in this paper. For the linear static problem, when there are uncertain interval parameters in the stiffness matrix and the vector of applied forces, the static response may be an interval. Based on the interval operations, the interval solution obtained by the vertex solution is more accurate and more credible than other methods （such as the perturbation method）. However, the vertex solution method by traditional serial computing usually needs large computational efforts, especially for large structures. In order to avoid its disadvantages of large calculation and much runtime, its parallel computing which can be used in large-scale computing is presented in this paper. Two kinds of parallel computing algorithms are proposed based on the vertex solution. The parallel computing will solve many interval problems which cannot be resolved by traditional interval analysis methods.     

A new method for computing the upper and lower bounds on frequencies of structures with interval parameters

In this paper, we will investigate the method for computing the upper and lower bounds on frequencies of structures with bounded uncertain (or interval) parameters. The stiffness matrix and the mass matrix of structures, whose elements have the initial errors, are unknown except for the fact that they belong to given bounded matrix sets. The set of possible matrices can be described by the interval matrix. By means of the stationary condition of Rayleigh Qutient and the minimax theorem of eigenvalues, the generalized eigenvalue problem of structures with bounded uncertain parameters can be transformed into two different generalized eigenvalue problems. The numerical results indicate that the proposed method is effective.     

计算具有区间参数结构的固有频率的优化方法

基于区间函数的单向包含性质，把具有区间非确定参数结构的固有频率所在区间范围问题 转化成两个全局优化问题，并采用一种实数编码遗传算法求取问题的全局解. 用一种能够求 得剪切型结构和弹簧质量系统特征值范围精确解的单调分析方法进行检验. 在一 些文献中，直接采用区间数运算法则和有限元法得到结构区间刚度阵和区间质量阵，并把关 于该区间刚度阵和区间质量阵的广义区间特征值问题的特征值区间作为待求的非确定性结构 的特征值所在的区间范围，该方法易于扩大问题的解域. 算例表明，可望得到结构 固有频率区间范围的准确解.     

二次特征矩阵表示的特征值有界性分析

采用二次特征矩阵近似表示精确有限元和精确动态子结构分析中得出的超越或非线性动态刚度阵，并证明了在满足一定条件的前提下，二次特征阵给出的特征值是精确刚度阵特征值的上界或下界。     

A model identification method of vibrating structures from incomplete modal information

ＡＭＯＤＥＬＩＤＥＮＴＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＦＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＮＧＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＦＲＯＭＩＮＣＯＭＰＬＥＴＥＭＯＤＡＬＩＮＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＺｈｅｎｇＸｉａｏｐｉｎｇ（郑小平）ＹａｏＺｈｅｎｈａｎ（姚振汉）ＱｕＳｈｉｓｈｅｎｇ（蘧时胜）...     

A MODEL IDENTIFICATION METHOD OF VIBRATING STRUCTURES FROM INCOMPLETE MODAL INFORMATION

ＡＭＯＤＥＬＩＤＥＮＴＩＦＩＣＡＴＩＯＮＭＥＴＨＯＤＯＦＶＩＢＲＡＴＩＮＧＳＴＲＵＣＴＵＲＥＳＦＲＯＭＩＮＣＯＭＰＬＥＴＥＭＯＤＡＬＩＮＦＯＲＭＡＴＩＯＮＺｈｅｎｇＸｉａｏｐｉｎｇ（郑小平）ＹａｏＺｈｅｎｈａｎ（姚振汉）ＱｕＳｈｉｓｈｅｎｇ（蘧时胜）...     

有界参数结构特征值的上下界定理

与方法近似性的结构特征值包含定理不同,给出参数近似性的结构的特征值上下界定理．在结构刚度矩阵和质量矩阵可以利用结构参数进行非员分解的条件下,通过区间分析,将特征值的上下界分解成两个广义特征值问题进行求解．结果可以看成是胡海昌教授的特征值质量包含定理和刚度包含定理在结构参数近似性特征值问题中的一种推广和应用．     

The Rayleigh quotient method for computing eigenvalue bounds of vibrational systems with interval parameters

In this paper, an effective method, the Rayleigh quotient iteration, for computing the bounds of structures with interval parameters is presented. When the uncertainty of the structural parameters is described by using the interval, i.e. an unknown-but-bounded version, the structural vibration eigenvalues will become the interval. It is desirable to give these interval eigenvalues. An application of this method is illustrated by a numerical example. The results show that the Rayleigh quotient iteration method is very effective for constructing the upper and lower bounds on the eigenvalues of structures with interval parameters.The Project Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Goal-oriented error estimation applied to direct solution of steady-state analysis with frequency-domain finite element method

Based on the concept of the constitutive relation error along with the residuals of both the origin and the dual problems,a goal-oriented error estimation method with extended degrees of freedom is developed.It leads to the high quality local error bounds in the problem of the direct-solution steady-state dynamic analysis with a frequency-domain finite element,which involves the enrichments with plural variable basis functions.The solution of the steady-state dynamic procedure calculates the harmonic response directly in terms of the physical degrees of freedom in the model,which uses the mass,damping,and stiffness matrices of the system.A three-dimensional finite element example is carried out to illustrate the computational procedures.     

Computation of frequencies and damping ratios for adaptive structures

In this paper, a new technique of state vector approach to solving damping ratios of adaptive structures is proposed, by which the state matrix can be analytically conducted the Cholesky decomposition, providing that the mass matrix is derived by lumped method. In this case, not only the computional accuracy is raised, but also the numerical operations are reduced. Finally, some numerical results are presented to show that the solution method is simple and efficient. Foundation item: the National 863 Program Foundation of China(863-2-4-4-4)     

Asymmetrical dynamic propagation problems on mode III interface crack

By the application of the theory of complex functions, asymmetrical dynamic propagation problems on modeⅢinterface crack are studied. The universal representations of analytical solutions are obtained by the approaches of self-similar function. The problems researched can be facilely transformed into Riemann-Hilbert problems and analytical solution to an asymmetrical propagation crack under the condition of point loads and unit-step loads, respectively, is acquired. After those solutions were used by superposition theorem, the solutions of arbitrarily complex problems could be attained.     

Dynamic stability analysis of shear-flexible composite beams

Dynamic stability behavior of the shear-flexible composite beams subjected to the nonconservative force is intensively investigated based on the finite element model using the Hermitian beam elements. For this, a formal engineering approach of the mechanics of the laminated composite beam is presented based on kinematic assumptions consistent with the Timoshenko beam theory, and the shear stiffness of the thin-walled composite beam is explicitly derived from the energy equivalence. An extended Hamilton’s principle is employed to evaluate the mass-, elastic stiffness-, geometric stiffness-, damping-, and load correction stiffness matrices. Evaluation procedures for the critical values of divergence and flutter loads of the nonconservative system with and without damping effects are then briefly introduced. In order to verify the validity and the accuracy of this study, the divergence and flutter loads are presented and compared with the results from other references, and the influence of various parameters on the divergence and flutter behavior of the laminated composite beams is newly addressed: (1) variation of the divergence and flutter loads with or without the effects of shear deformation and rotary inertia with respect to the nonconservativeness parameter and the fiber angle change, (2) influence of the internal and external damping on flutter loads whether to consider the shear deformation or not.     

不确定参数闭环控制系统特征值的区间分析

运用区间理论,讨论了区间参数的结构振动控制问题,给出了求解闭环系统区间特征值的一种方法．基于区间参数导出了区间刚度矩阵和质量矩阵,然后利用矩阵摄动理论和区间扩张理论,推导了复区间特征值上下界估计的算法．这些结果是从二阶系统的左右特征向量出发得到的．将该文方法应用到悬臂梁的控制问题,数值结果表明它是有效的．     

Effects of fundamental structure parameters on dynamic responses of submerged floating tunnel under hydrodynamic loads

This paper investigates the effects of structure parameters on dynamic responses of submerged floating tunnel （SFT） under hydrodynamic loads. The structure parameters includes buoyancy-weight ratio （BWR）, stiffness coefficients of the cable systems, tunnel net buoyancy and tunnel length. First, the importance of structural damp in relation to the dynamic responses of SPT is demonstrated and the mechanism of structural damp effect is discussed. Thereafter, the fundamental structure parameters are investigated through the analysis of SFT dynamic responses under hydrodynamic loads. The results indicate that the BWR of SFT is a key structure parameter. When BWR is 1.2, there is a remarkable trend change in the vertical dynamic response of SFT under hydrodynamic loads. The results also indicate that the ratio of the tunnel net buoyancy to the cable stiffness coefficient is not a characteristic factor affecting the dynamic responses of SFT under hydrodynamic loads.     

A note on vibrations of damped linear systems

In a damped linear system, for the free vibrations to be oscillatory with decaying amplitude, it is proven that the mass and damping matrices must be positive definite. Also, a certain matrix product involving the mass, damping and stiffness matrices must be commutative.     

带非线性弹簧的两自由度准零刚度隔振系统力传递率特性

基于多自由度系统中的反共振特性,分别在传统线性隔振系统的上、下两层引入非线性倾斜弹簧负刚度机构,构成两自由度准零刚度隔振器。通过静态特性分析,推导出系统满足零刚度条件时,各参数之间的关系,分析了力学参数及结构参数对系统刚度特性的影响。建立两自由度准零刚度隔振系统的非线性动力学方程,利用平均法求解,推导出力传递率表达式,结合数值分析方法,探讨系统在不同的上、下层隔振器阻尼比、竖直刚度比及质量比情况下的力传递率特性,并与单自由度准零刚度隔振系统及线性斜弹簧两自由度准零刚度隔振系统进行对比研究。结果表明：当结构参数 （即：倾斜弹簧处于静平衡位置的长度与倾斜弹簧原长的比值）较小且倾斜弹簧为软化弹簧时,可在平衡位置附近获得较小的系统刚度及较大的低刚度区间;通过选择适当的上、下层隔振器阻尼比、竖直刚度比与质量比,可减小系统的起始隔振频率,增宽隔振频带,加快系统力传递率在特定频段内的衰减速率,改善系统的低频隔振性能。     

地震作用下结构的基于阻尼柔性连接MTMD控制

研究了基于阻尼柔性连接多重高谐质量阻尼器(MTMD)在减小结构地震反应方面的动力特性。利用导出的设置MTMD结构的传递函数，建立了设置MTMD结构的动力放大系数(DMF)设计公式，于是MTMD的优化准则可定义为结构最大动力放大系数的最小值的最小化(Min．Min．Max．DMF)。根据优化准则，得不同刚度比MTMD的最优参数和相应的Min.Min.Max．DMF值。为比较，同时给出了基于阻尼刚性连接(R＝0)MTMD的结果，广泛的数值分析表明，传统的阻尼刚性连接MTMD的性能可以扩展至一定刚度比范围的阻尼柔性连接MTMD。