模糊控制理论在有源磁悬浮系统中的应用

建立了陀螺浮子磁悬浮数学模型,对该系统进行了MATLAB仿真并分析了该系统的刚度和阻尼特性。在此基础上,计算了满足刚度和阻尼特性的PID控制器参数,仿真结果表明,基于刚度和阻尼特性的PID控制器能够基本满足系统的要求,但响应时间过长。因此进行了模糊控制理论在磁悬浮系统中的研究,提出了模糊-PID控制。以经典PID控制器参数为参考,建立了模糊控制隶属度函数,设计了模糊控制表格,并对模糊-PID控制器在该系统中的应用进行了仿真研究,仿真结果表明,建立在经典PID控制器基础上的模糊-PID控制能够得到较好的稳态特性和动态性能,鲁棒性也得到增强,能够在一定程度上提高液浮陀螺仪的精度和抗干扰能力。     

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在仿真研究1/4车体二自由度液压半主动悬架的基础上,设计了一种 用于1/2车体的液压半主动悬架的参数自整定模糊PID控制器,并利用模糊控制规则对 PID参数进行在线修改. 以正弦信号路面、脉冲信号路面和C级路面3种典型路面作为输入 信号,应用MATLAB/Simulink控制系统仿真软件对该半主动悬架模型进行的计算机仿真表明, 具有模糊PID控制器的半主动悬架在提高车辆乘坐的舒适性方面要明显优于一般的模糊控制 悬架,具有更好的自适应能力.     

智能梁结构鲁棒PID控制及其时滞稳定性分析

研究了智能梁结构振动的鲁棒PID控制器的设计问题,考虑结构模态阻尼比及模态频率的不确定性,同时结合PID控制、保成本控制和H∞控制的优点,提出了一种鲁棒PID控制的设计方法,将PID控制器的参数整定问题转化为线性矩阵不等式凸优化问题的求解.考虑到实际系统中存在的时滞因素,对设计出的鲁棒PID控制系统进行了时滞稳定性分析,得出了使系统稳定的最大时滞量.最后,给出的数值算例说明了文中方法的可行性和有效性.     

舰船航迹控制器中模糊线性化方法的应用

针对舰船航迹非线性被控对象中的非线性环节,本着重介绍如何应用神经网络,对被控对象中的非线性环节进行模糊线性化,并应用模糊线性化的结论设计模糊控制器,实现舰船航迹控制。仿真结果表明,在此模糊控制器的控制下,船舶转向动态性能、寻找和跟踪航迹能力、保持航迹精度、抗干扰性能、以及船舶参数发生变化时的鲁棒性均明显优于PID控制器。     

猎雷声纳基阵姿态稳定系统自适应反步法控制

针对带非线性摩擦力矩和负载扰动的高精度猎雷声纳基阵姿态稳定系统,提出了一种基于神经网络的自适应反步法控制方法。其中神经网络用于估计未知非线性摩擦力矩,进而设计反步法控制器和参数自适应律来对神经网络估计误差和负载扰动进行补偿。最后应用Lyapunov方法证明了所提出的自适应控制器能保证闭环系统的稳定性,并且可以通过选择适当的控制器参数来调整收敛率。仿真结果表明,基于神经网络的自适应反步法控制方法与PID控制相比,系统的动、静态性能指标及鲁棒性得到了全面的改善,与双闭环PID控制相比,跟踪精度提高了3倍多。     

一种自适应模糊PID复合控制在液压仿真转台中的应用

针对液压仿真转台伺服系统的非线性特点，提出了一种模糊控制与局部积分控制相结合的复合控制方式。当系统的偏差较大时主要采用模糊控制器对系统的偏差进行快速调节以加快系统的响应过程；当系统的偏差小于某一值时，加入积分控制以保证系统的精度。为了提高模糊控制器的性能，采用了规则可调整的模糊控制器。实验结果表明：该方法能有效地克服液压伺服系统的非线性和参数的不稳定性以及外部干扰对系统的影响，具有较高的控制精度和鲁棒性能，完全适合于液压仿真转台伺服系统的控制。     

基于遗传算法的仿真转台控制器优化设计与应用

针对仿真转台系统的时变性、模型的不确定性等特点，提出采用基于遗传算法的PID自适应控制器，实现控制器参数的在线自寻优。试验结果表明，该控制算法具有很强的鲁棒性、抑制外界干扰性和良好的动态性能。     

四旋翼飞行器分散PID神经元网络控制

针对四旋翼飞行器的非线性控制问题,提出了一种分散PID神经元网络(PIDNN)控制方法。首先通过牛顿—欧拉方程建立了四旋翼飞行器的动力学模型。其次,提出了一种嵌套控制器,内环基于分散PIDNN方法以实现姿态控制,外环采用经典的PID控制方法,PIDNN控制器的在线学习通过误差反向传播法实现。搭建了自主研制的四旋翼飞行器系统,并通过实验的方式研究了控制器的控制性能。实验结果表明控制器具有较强的控制稳定性、机动性和鲁棒性。     

高速磁浮双向主动控制系统模型参数分析

 磁浮控制系统是磁浮列车的重要组成部分，是保证磁浮运行的安全性和平稳性的关键部分．本文以PID控制器为研究对象，为了研究磁浮列车中悬浮控制的动态性能与控制参数的变化规律，建立了基于状态反馈的PID 磁浮控制系统的数学模型，并通过多体动力学软件SIMPACK 联合可视化仿真工具MATLAB/SIMULINK 建立了耦合分析模型，进行了多参数的比较分析．系统讨论了单磁铁控制器在不同PID 控制参数下，磁浮间隙和磁浮电磁铁加速度等监测控制量的变化曲线，并针对双向受力状态的不同，分别研究了具体工况下高速磁浮的竖向和横向控制性能．研究表明：本文所使用的高速磁浮控制系统模型，具有较强的抗干扰性和鲁棒性，控制性能优秀，其参数分析方法可为未来实际工程的建设提供技术支撑．     

陀螺Fuzzy-PID温度控制系统研究

对于具有大时间延迟环节并难以建立精确数学模型的陀螺温度控制系统,提出采用模糊自整定PID控制参数的Fuzzy-PID陀螺温度控制方法。该方法可以集模糊控制与PID控制之所长,有较好的抗干扰能力。温控及高低温实验证明,该系统可以达到所要求的快速启动、输出稳定并能较好适应工作环境变化等精度要求。     

Simulation and hybrid fuzzy-PID control for positioning of a hydraulic system

Accuracy and precision of position control of hydraulic systems are key parameters for engineering applications in order to set more economical and quality systems. In this context, this paper presents modeling and position control of a hydraulic actuation system consisting of an asymmetric hydraulic cylinder driven by a four way, three position proportional valve. In this system model, the bulk modulus is considered as a variable. In addition, the Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Controller with Coupled Rules (HFPIDCR) is proposed for position control of the hydraulic system and its performance is tested by simulation studies. The novel aspect of this controller is to combine fuzzy logic and PID controllers in terms of a switching condition. Simulation results of the HFPIDCR based controller are compared with the results of classical PID, Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC), and Hybrid Fuzzy-PID controller (HFPID). As a result, it is demonstrated that Hybrid Fuzzy PID Controller with Coupled Rules is more effective than other controllers.     

Modeling and control of a nonlinear half-vehicle suspension system: a hybrid fuzzy logic approach

Modeling and control of vehicle suspension system are high noteworthy from safety to comfort. In this paper, an analytical nonlinear half-vehicle model which is included quadratic tire stiffness, cubic suspension stiffness, and coulomb friction is derived based on fundamental physics. A hybrid fuzzy logic approach which combines fuzzy logic and PID controllers is designed for reducing the vibration levels of passenger seat and vehicle body. Performances of designed controllers have been evaluated by numerical simulations. Comparisons with classical PID control, Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) and Hybrid Fuzzy-PID control (HFPID) have also been provided. Results of numerical simulations are evaluated in terms of time histories of displacement and acceleration responses and ride index comparison. A good performance for the Hybrid Fuzzy-PID controller with coupled rules (HFPIDCR) is achieved in simulation studies despite the nonlinearities.     

Nonlinear modelling of a fishing boat and Fuzzy Logic Control design for electro-hydraulic fin stabilizer system

The aim of this study is to decrease a fishing boat’s nonlinear roll motion using Electro-Hydraulic (EH) fin roll stabilizer, which is adversely affected by disturbing hydrodynamic forces, by applying fin roll stabilizer. By Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) method, the fishing boat rolling was examined considering initial conditions. Besides, NACA 0015 model was utilized for the fin roll stabilizer and flow analysis was conducted by CFD method. According to the simulation results, FLC algorithms were rather more efficient than PID (Proportional-Integral-Derivative) in the EH fin roll stabilizer system.     

Robust control of wheel slip in anti-lock brake system of automobiles

In this paper, performances of two model-free control systems including Fuzzy Logic Control (FLC) and Neural Predictive Control (NPC) on tracking performance of wheel-slip in Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) are compared. As an accurate and control oriented model, a half vehicle model is developed to generate extensive simulation data of the braking system. Brake system identification is preformed through a Perceptron neural networks model of brake system which is trained with offline data by Gradient Descent Back Propagation (GDBP) algorithm. In order to reduce the time cost of the calculations and improving the robustness of closed loop control system, an online Perceptron neural network adaptively generates the optimum control actions. By a comparative simulation analysis it is shown that the NPC system has a better tracking performance, shorter stopping time and distance than the FLC controllers. The robustness of the proposed control systems are evaluated under ±25 % uncertainty. It is shown that the NPC system is more robust against both exogenous disturbances and modeling uncertainties than the FLC system.     

Study of a drawing-quality sheet steel. II: Forming-limit curves by experiments and micromechanical simulations

In Part I of the current paper, we showed the results of uniaxial-tension tests, through-thickness and plane-strain compression experiments, quantitative texture – orientation distribution function – evaluations and Lankford coefficient measurements. These data were used for calibration and verification of a visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal-plasticity simulation code for predicting a steel sheet’s ability to be stretched and deep drawn. Lankford coefficients are one, although incomplete, measure of a steel’s drawing quality. In order to obtain a deeper insight and better verification of the simulation code, we measured the forming-limit curve, FLC, for the same steel sheet. To make these measurements we stretched circle-gridded sheets of material with a punch and die. Samples had both a flat-sided and hourglass geometry and ranged from 20 to 80 mm in width. The 80 mm wide sample completely filled the die. With this range of sample sizes, we spanned all of the stress states applicable to a FLC, from uniaxial to biaxial tension. Our FLC curve had the classic “V” shape typical of drawing-quality steel, with a minimum safe forming strain of about 0.35 in plane-strain deformation and a safe forming strain of nearly 0.45 in balanced biaxial stretching. To model the FLC behavior, we used the same VPSC model and calibration employed in Part I. In order to obtain a necking instability in the calculation, a Marciniak defect was implemented into the VPSC model. The severity of the defect was adjusted to match the measured instability strain, 0.35, in plane-strain deformation. Both hardening laws fit in Part I were used to calculate the FLC. In the positive biaxial quadrant of the FLC, the limit strains predicted by the power law closely follow the measured uniform deformations, while the saturation law appears to over predict the limit strains. In uniaxial-tension, it was the opposite. The power-law hardening predictions seemed excessive. However, if we consider the FLC curve to be a band of finite width, both hardening laws and the VPSC formulation capture the essence of the FLC data.     

空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统设计

针对空间三轴机抖激光陀螺设计了交流稳频控制系统,分析了系统原理,进行了Simulink仿真建模和试验研究。在系统原理中分析了控制过程,推导了系统函数,通过Simulink交流稳频系统仿真建模摸索了空间三轴机抖激光陀螺交流稳频系统中PID参数对系统响应的影响,并得到了优化参数(K_P=0.048,K_I=0.0021,K_D=0.0037),为硬件调试提供了参考。将交流稳频控制系统应用于国产某型空间三轴机抖激光陀螺进行试验,试验结果显示通过PID参数调节后的交流稳频陀螺PZT码值变化平稳,陀螺静态脉冲输出稳定,与原直流稳频控制方法相比将空间三轴机抖激光陀螺的精度提高了20%。     

SELF-CORRECTED PID VIBRATION CONTROL BASED ON DUAL-FREEDOM DUAL-DRIVE INTELLIGENT CANTILEVER BEAM 1)

随着科技不断进步,智能结构的振动控制在航天航空、机械制造、车辆与船舶等领域得到了广泛应用。由于多输入多输出存在多样性和复杂性,严重威胁系统稳定性。为了解决这一问题,针对两输入单输出的双驱动智能悬臂梁系统提出一种自适应控制策略,首先基于压电线性本构方程,应用假设模态方法建立双驱动智能悬臂梁的力学模型,得到了基于闭环控制系统的状态方程,同时利用递推最小二乘法在线辨识系统参数设计比例积分微分(proportional--integral--derivative, PID)控制器实现自校正PID控制。通过数值仿真对比在有无PID 控制下两输入单输出双驱动智能悬臂梁系统的振动情况,分析自校正PID 控制的控制效果。通过实验验证自校正PID 控制对双输入单输出的双驱动智能悬臂梁系统的控制效果;再设置两组不同的单输入单输出自校正PID控制实验作对比。结果表明：自校正PID 控制方法可以较为有效地抑制智能悬臂梁的自由振动,相比单输入单输出的两组,两输入单输出自校正PID控制的效果更为明显和有效。     

Fuzzy PID control of epileptiform spikes in a neural mass model

In this paper, the problem of controlling epileptiform spikes in a neural mass model is addressed. Considering the complication and nonlinearity of the neural mass model, a fuzzy PID controller is designed so that epileptiform spikes are quenched and the output waveform tracks an expected one. The tracking effect is analyzed by numerical simulation for a regular network of coupled neural populations. The effect of important model parameters on the control energy and the effect of the types of controlled populations on the ability to realize the tracking purpose are analyzed for the same network.     

仿鱼尾推进器在动力航向控制上的应用

传统的螺旋桨推进器工作噪声大,效率低,而仿鱼尾推进器技术有望改进这些不足,从而提出利用仿鱼尾推进动力定位的思想。通过对鱼尾推进模式和动力学的研究,设计出了最佳参数的仿鱼尾推进器。首先根据力的分解和拉格朗日动力学方程,计算出了前向推进力和各关节转矩,为课题研究奠定了力学基础;在动力定位控制研究中,通过惯性测量装置获取运动信息,采用卡尔曼滤波的数据融合算法实现姿态信息的解算,建立x方向上的空间运动模型并使用模糊自适应PID算法和传统PID算法仿真模拟。系统稳定性分析显示,PID控制存在14%的超调,而模糊自适应PID控制算法没有出现超调,两者的稳定时间均在240 s左右。最后由仿真分析验证模糊自适应PID算法更适合动力定位控制。