大型桩基础动力特性及地震反应分析

本文针对大型桩基础的地震反应问题,以上海“东方明珠”广播电视塔桩基础为工程背景,采用梁单元模拟桩的运动,用8节点块体单元对土体进行离散,通过凝聚法消去桩（梁）节点的转动自由度,建立了“东方明珠”电视塔中央部位桩基础的三维有限元分析模型,对桩基础的动力特性进行了计算与分析。在此基础上,以文献[1]根据地震危险性分析和土层反应分析后获得的桩尖处加速度时程作为输入,对桩基础的动力反应进行时程分析,探讨了桩－土动力相互作用和上部结构等因素对地震地面运动和桩承台反应的影响,得到了一些有应用价值的结果。     

轴对称非均匀圆柱壳非线性屈曲的一般解

在文献[7]和[11]的基础上,本文提出了一个新的方法,用于计算轴对称非均匀圆柱壳在任意轴对称荷载和边界条件下的非线性屈曲的临界载荷,并导出这个问题的一般解,最后仅需求解一个非线性代数方程,该方程可用解析形式表达,本文提出的方法,具有计算速度快,容易处理各种边界条件和载荷,简便等优点。三个算例表明,利用本文的方法可获得满意的结果。     

对称的简支梯形底扁球壳的非线性分析

弹性板壳的几何非线性分析已被广泛的研究,然而,目前的大部分工作都局限于简单的边界条件和规则的矩形或圆(环)形域,对工程实践中普遍存在的不规则形状板壳的研究工作较少。国内关于梯形板的研究工作参看文献[2—4],文献[5]是国外用摄动法研究了周边固支不可动平行四边形板的非线性弯曲,文献[6]用差分法研究了同一问     

剪切模量是幂函数的成层土的地震随机反应

基于改进的一维剪切梁模型，对剪切模量是其深度的某一幂函数的成层非均质土层，得到其稳态动力响应的封闭型解析表达式。首次证明了这种土层振型函数的正交性，然后利用随机振动理论，并基于基岩输入地震加速度的功率谱密度函数：白噪声谱和过滤白噪声谱。研究了该土层对地震的随机动力响应问题。计算结果表明，1)在基岩输入地震加速度的功率谱为白噪声谱的情况下，土层的最大期望反应均有别于过滤白噪声谱时的相应值；2)平稳输入与输出过高地估计了土层的随机响应。     

非线性非完整系统在冲力作用时的Kane方程

Kane方程[1],[2]是建立和求解复杂系统动力学方程的有效方法。它适用于完整系统、线性非完整系统、非线性非完整系统[3]、[4]。本文从一般非线性非完整系统的Kane方程出发,建立了在冲力作用时的Kane方程,并通过算例说明该方法的优点。     

能量动量张量及其在断裂力学中的应用

一、引言 文献[1]在1968年提出了一个其值与途径无关的线积分——J积分。它适用于非线性弹性的条件。其后J积分用于弹塑性分析,成为弹塑性断裂力学的一个重要方面。 在弹性条件下,J积分即为裂纹扩展力G(或称为应变能释放率)。在线弹性条件下,它与应力强度因子的关系是众所周知的。1972年文献[2]指出,从形式上来看,J积分与1956年文献[3]提出的能量动量张量的流量积分的一个分量完全相同。文献[2]     

弹性薄板与层状无限非均匀介质的耦联分析

本文采用一维离散、二维解析的半解析单元法研究弹性薄板与无限介质静力相互作用问题,为工程上解决具有复杂材料特性的无限土体介质与明置结构的耦联分析提供一种简便、实用、有效的方法。文中还对耦联问题中介质特性效应、相对刚度效应、板件形状效应、土层深度效应以及非均质性影响等作了较为全面的分析。     

土钉土体系统动力模型的建立及地震响应分析

建立了土钉土体系统动力计算模型,这种模型将土体对土钉的作用处理成一个线性弹簧和一个与速度有关的阻尼器,把面板对土钉的惯性作用简化为集中于土钉头上的等效质量加以考虑. 以此为基础,建立土钉土体系统地震动力作用下的阻尼微分方程,求解了在简谐地震作用下土钉动力响应的解析解. 最后,结合一案例进行了分析,并用大型非线性有限元软件ADINA对此计算模型进行了验证,结果表明这种计算模型对土质较均匀的边坡动力设计和分析是安全、可靠、合理的.      

均布压力作用下圆底扁锥壳的大挠度问题

1.引言圆底扁锥壳是工程中的常见壳型结构,与扁球壳相比,对圆底扁锥壳的大挠度理论和实验研究都不多,仅有少数文献进行过研究,文献[1]和[2]用的是伽辽金方法,文献[3]用摄动法,文献[4]用修正迭代法,它们分别在壳体几何参数λ不大的范围内确定了失稳临界载荷。由于这些方法本身存在的困难,所得解答当λ稍大时就不准确了。本文利用牛顿-样条函数方法对均布压力作用下圆底扁锥壳(图1)的非线性弯曲和稳定性进行研究,获得一些有意义的结果。2.基本方程及其求解考虑均布压力作用下圆底扁锥壳的轴对称非线性方程:     

关于弹性理论中几个极值原理新推导的一个注释

不久前,文献[1]建立了几个新型的很有意义的变分原理。文献[4]提出了完全不同的推导。与文献[1]相比,文献[4]的新颖推导由于简短和对称而显得较为明显,并且是完全严格的。新推导表明,极值是解析的。Hashin和shtrikman所发现原理的表达...     

Dynamic response of an infinite Timoshenko beam on a nonlinear viscoelastic foundation to a moving load

The present paper investigates the dynamic response of infinite Timoshenko beams supported by nonlinear viscoelastic foundations subjected to a moving concentrated force. Nonlinear foundation is assumed to be cubic. The nonlinear governing equations of motion are developed by considering the effects of the shear deformable beams and the shear modulus of foundations at the same time. The differential equations are, respectively, solved using the Adomian decomposition method and a perturbation method in conjunction with complex Fourier transformation. An approximate closed form solution is derived in an integral form based on the presented Green function and the theorem of residues, which is used for the calculation of the integral. The dynamic response distribution along the length of the beam is obtained from the closed form solution. The derivation process demonstrates that two methods for the dynamic response of infinite beams on nonlinear foundations with a moving force give the consistent result. The numerical results investigate the influences of the shear deformable beam and the shear modulus of foundations on dynamic responses. Moreover, the influences on the dynamic response are numerically studied for nonlinearity, viscoelasticity and other system parameters.     

Dynamic response to a moving load of a Timoshenko beam resting on a nonlinear viscoelastic foundation

The present paper investigates the dynamic response of finite Timoshenko beams resting on a sixparameter foundation subjected to a moving load. It is for the first time that the Galerkin method and its convergence are studied for the response of a Timoshenko beam supported by a nonlinear foundation. The nonlinear Pasternak foundation is assumed to be cubic. Therefore, the efects of the shear deformable beams and the shear deformation of foundations are considered at the same time. The Galerkin method is utilized for discretizing the nonlinear partial differential governing equations of the forced vibration. The dynamic responses of Timoshenko beams are determined via the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. Moreover, the efects of diferent truncation terms on the dynamic responses of a Timoshenko beam resting on a complex foundation are discussed. The numerical investigations shows that the dynamic response of Timoshenko beams supported by elastic foundations needs super high-order modes. Furthermore, the system parameters are compared to determine the dependence of the convergences of the Galerkin method.     

ADOMIAN POLYNOMIALS FOR NONLINEAR RESPONSE OF SUPPORTED TIMOSHENKO BEAMS SUBJECTED TO A MOVING HARMONIC LOAD

This paper investigates the steady-state responses of a Timoshenko beam of infinite length supported by a nonlinear viscoelastic Pasternak foundation subjected to a moving harmonic load. The nonlinear viscoelastic foundation is assumed to be a Pasternak foundation with linear-plus-cubic stiffness and viscous damping. Based on Timoshenko beam theory, the nonlinear equations of motion are derived by considering the effects of the shear deformable beams and the shear modulus of foundations at the same time. For the first time, the modified Adomian decomposition method（ADM） is used for solving the response of the beam resting on a nonlinear foundation. By employing the standard ADM and the modified ADM, the nonlinear term is decomposed, respectively. Based on the Green＇s function and the theorem of residues presented,the closed form solutions for those linear iterative equations have been determined via complex Fourier transform. Numerical results indicate that two kinds of ADM predict qualitatively identical tendencies of the dynamic response with variable parameters, but the deflection of beam predicted by the modified ADM is smaller than that by the standard ADM. The influence of the shear modulus of beams and foundation is investigated. The numerical results show that the deflection of Timoshenko beams decrease with an increase of the shear modulus of beams and that of foundations.     

Nonlinear analysis on dynamic buckling of eccentrically stiffened functionally graded material toroidal shell segment surrounded by elastic foundations in thermal environment and under time-dependent torsional loads

The nonlinear analysis with an analytical approach on dynamic torsional buckling of stiffened functionally graded thin toroidal shell segments is investigated. The shell is reinforced by inside stiffeners and surrounded by elastic foundations in a thermal environment and under a time-dependent torsional load. The governing equations are derived based on the Donnell shell theory with the von K′arm′an geometrical nonlinearity,the Stein and McE lman assumption, the smeared stiffeners technique, and the Galerkin method. A deflection function with three terms is chosen. The thermal parameters of the uniform temperature rise and nonlinear temperature conduction law are found in an explicit form. A closed-form expression for determining the static critical torsional load is obtained. A critical dynamic torsional load is found by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method and the Budiansky-Roth criterion. The effects of stiffeners, foundations, material,and dimensional parameters on dynamic responses of shells are considered.     

Nonlinear vibrations,bifurcations and chaos of lattice sandwich composite panels on Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations with thermal effects in supersonic airflow

Meccanica - This paper is devoted to investigate the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of lattice sandwich composite panels resting on Winkler–Pasternak elastic foundations under simultaneous...     

移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应分析的有限元法Dynamic response of beams with nonlocal foundations subjected to moving loads using finite element method

基于非局部地基理论,推导了移动荷载作用下非局部地基梁动力响应问题的有限元解,分别讨论了地基的非局部参数、刚度、阻尼系数以及移动荷载速度对非局部地基梁动力响应的影响,并比较了非局部结果与局部结果的差异。结果表明,地基的非局部参数、刚度和阻尼是地基梁的动力响应的主要影响参数,地基梁最大响应及其发生的时刻与移动荷载速度有关。研究成果可为轨道地基系统设计提供参考。     

An efficient solution methodology to study the response of a beam on viscoelastic and nonlinear unilateral foundation: Static response

Many engineering materials and foundations such as soils demonstrate nonlinear and viscoelastic behaviour. Yet, it is challenging to develop static and dynamic models of systems that include these materials and are able to predict the behaviour over a wide range of loading conditions. This research is focused on a specific example: a pinned–pinned beam interacting with polyurethane foam foundation. Two cases, when the foundation can react in tension and compression as well as only in compression, are considered. The model developed here is capable of predicting the response to static as well as dynamic forces, whether concentrated or distributed. Galerkin’s method is used to derive modal amplitude equations. In the tensionless foundation case, the contact region changes with beam motion and the estimation of the co-ordinates of the lift-off points is embedded into the solution procedure. An efficient solution technique is proposed that is capable of handling cases where there are multiple contact and non-contact regions. Depending on the loading profiles a high number of modes may need to be included in the solution and to speed up computation time, a convolution method is used to evaluate the integral terms in the model. The adaptability of the solution scheme to complicated loading patterns is demonstrated via examples. The solution approach proposed is applicable to dynamic loadings as well and in these cases the automated treatment of complicated response patterns makes the convolution approach particularly attractive. The influence of various parameters on the static response is discussed.     

砂土中螺旋锚基础水平振动特性的模型试验研究

在水平激励作用下,钢管螺旋锚基础-土的动力相互作用具有明显的非线性特性。基于自制的锚土动力相互作用模型试验系统,对砂土中不同锚体几何结构的钢管螺旋锚的水平振动响应特性进行了研究,具体分析了螺旋锚长径比(L/D)、叶片距宽比(S/D0)、叶片外伸比(D0/D)、不同荷载幅值(F0)和振动频率(f)等对螺旋锚水平动力响应特性的影响,并与直桩进行了对比分析。通过研究螺旋锚周围土体的应力扩散,讨论了水平动力荷载作用下螺旋锚-土的相互作用规律。研究结果表明:长径比(L/D)是影响直桩和螺旋锚水平动力响应特性的重要因素;在锚径相同的条件下,锚土系统的共振频率随锚体长径比的增加而减小,随叶片外伸比的增加而增加,但对叶片距宽比相对不敏感;在锚体几何结构相同的前提下,激振荷载幅值越大,直桩土系统的共振频率越小,但激振荷载幅值对螺旋锚土系统共振频率的影响相对较小。     

考虑上部结构的桩筏基础非线性共同作用分析

当前虽然已有考虑桩筏非线性的设计,但仍无人在此基础上,考虑上部结构。因此考虑上部结构,进一步认识其与桩筏基础非线性共同作用机理,优化桩筏基础设计,具有重要的现实意义。本文以子结构法凝聚上部结构的荷载及刚度,以平面壳体单元模拟筏板,按有限层法模拟桩土之间的弹性相互作用,用广义剪切位移法模拟桩的非线性工作性状,建立了一种考虑上部结构共同作用的桩筏基础非线性分析方法,并编制了分析程序。通过实例分析,探讨了上部结构与桩筏基础非线性共同作用的机理,研究了合理布桩方式,探讨了以差异沉降为目标的优化设计的可能途径。     

Effect of damping and wave parameters on offshore structure under random excitation

This paper describes the linearized and nonlinear dynamic response of a tension leg platform (TLP) to random waves and current forces. The forcing term of the equation of motion is inherently nonlinear due to the nonlinear drag force. Two analysis procedures are used: nonlinear time domain analysis and linear frequency domain analysis. For the nonlinear analysis, the random wave particle velocities and accelerations are simulated for a given wave spectrum. The nonlinear equation of motion is then integrated directly to obtain the system response statistics. For the linear frequency domain analysis, the nonlinear drag force is linearized through an introduction of linearization coefficients. The main objective of this paper is to investigate the effect of the structural damping and wave parameters on both nonlinear and linear dynamic response of the TLP by parametric studies. The results of stochastic nonlinear and linear dynamic response of the TLP, with and without the presence of current, are presented and compared.