基于加权率失真优化SPIHT算法的干涉多光谱图像压缩

基于空间调制型成像光谱仪的成像特点,提出了一种适合于干涉多光谱图像的加权率失真优化多级树集合分裂(SPIHT)光谱压缩算法。该算法根据干涉多光谱图像在时域和频域的特点,推导出时域中随着光程差的增大,干涉图像对频域中光谱曲线的形状影响越大。因此,在光程差方向上,逐渐提升率失真函数的斜率,增大对图像的保护程度,不仅弥补了SPIHT算法在码率分配上的不足,而且有效地保护了频域中的光谱信息。实验结果表明,无论在时域还是频域,该算法与现有算法相比,性能有明显改进。     

大孔径静态干涉光谱仪图像压缩技术

从图像压缩的角度分析了大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪成像原理，并提出了一种新的遥感多光谱图像压缩方案。新方案利用大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪推扫成像特点提出了一种低存储量，帧间小波域匹配的图像序列压缩方法，提高图像质量3～4dB。为了保证图像的光谱信息在8倍压缩比下有效应用，系统采用了一种新的感兴趣区域(ROD编码技术。感兴趣区域编码时，由于方案中采用率失真优化斜率提升，而不是比特平面移位，从而使图像在相同的光谱分辨率下拥有更好的空间分辨率。实验结果表明，算法大大保护了图像的光谱特性，在8倍压缩比下，满足了该类干涉多光谱遥感图像的质量要求。     

基于运动估计和ROI编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩

根据干涉多光谱图像的谱间相关性和光谱分布特点,提出一种基于运动估计和感兴趣区域编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩方法.为了去除多光谱图像的谱间相关性,采用运动估计法,对补偿后的图像(即预测误差)进行小波变换及率失真优化截取内嵌码块编码.同时采用率失真斜率提升的感兴趣区域编码方法,更好地保护光谱信息,使图像在相同的光谱分辨率下具有更好的空间分辨率.实验结果与基于三维小波变换的压缩方法以及比特平面移位的感兴趣区域编码方法相比,本文所提方法能有效改善恢复图像质量,提高编码效率,更好地保护光谱信息.     

基于分布式信源编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩

根据干涉多光谱图像的特点.提出一种基于分布式信源编码的干涉多光谱图像压缩箅法.干涉多光谱图像序列的相邻图像之间具有明显的平移特性,编码端通过块匹配算法检测出相邻帧间的相对位移量,联合块匹配算法估计的边信息帧进行比特平面码率估计,采用基于率失真提升的感兴趣区域编码,调整图像不同区域的率失真斜率来进行更合理的码率分配.实验结果表明.该算法比传统算法更好地保护了多光谱图像的光谱信息,在不同压缩比的情况下.满足卫星干涉多光谱图像压缩系统要求.易于硬件实现,更适于星上环境的应用.     

遥感干涉超光谱图像压缩编码

基于卫星干涉超光谱成像光谱仪成像原理的分析,提出了一种新的遥感超光谱图像压缩方案，利用成像推扫平移特性提出一种低存储量，帧间小波域匹配的序列压缩，只需存储两帧图像，比起单帧处理提高图像PSNR 3-4dB.为了保护图像的光谱特征，系统采用了一种新的感兴趣区域（Region of interest, ROI） 编码技术，使系统的压缩比提高8倍以上.该感兴趣区域（ROI）编码采用率失真优化斜率提升，而不是比特平面移位，使图像在相同的光谱分辨率下拥有更好的空间分辨率.试验数据表明，算法大大保护了图像的光谱特性，在8倍压缩比情况时，满足卫星干涉超光谱遥感图像要求.     

卫星干涉多光谱图像压缩新算法

根据卫星干涉多光谱图像的成像特性,提出一种基于分类权值率失真优化截取和自适应编码深度控制的部分SPIHT光谱图像压缩算法.首先根据干涉区域类型和编码平面的重要性,对各棵零树各个编码过程赋予不同的重要性权值,然后采用部分SPIHT算法对每棵零树独立编码,编码时根据比特平面层中重要系数的统计概率自适应地进行3种编码模式的选择,同时依据重要性权值和深度控制因子自适应地控制每棵零树的编码深度,最后在编码深度内,根据不同干涉区域的零树对恢复光谱的失真贡献,采用分类权值率失真方法对码流进行优化截取,使码流分配与失真达成最优.实验结果表明,本算法比传统算法更好地保护了光谱信息.     

一种干涉高光谱图像的3DSPIHT结合ROI压缩算法

 针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维小波变换的3DSPIHT算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案.对干涉高光谱图像序列进行了三维非对称离散小波变换.采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行提升,以保护光谱信息.最后,对3DSPIHT算法进行改进,以有效编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换系数.实验结果表明,该方法在8:1压缩比下可获得大于40 dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.     

一种干涉高光谱图像的3DSPIHT结合ROI压缩算法

针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维小波变换的3DSPIHT算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案.对干涉高光谱图像序列进行了三维非对称离散小波变换.采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行提升,以保护光谱信息.最后,对3DSPIHT算法进行改进,以有效编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换系数.实验结果表明,该方法在8:1压缩比下可获得大于40dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.     

一种改进的无链表3DSPITH算法用于高光谱图像压缩

 针对大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪(LASIS)的成像特点,提出了一种基于三维非对称等长树小波变换的无链表SPITH算法结合ROI的图像压缩方案。首先,对干涉高光谱图像进行三维非对称等长树离散小波变换。其次,采用ROI方法对主要的光谱系数进行保护。最后,采用改进的三维无链表SPITH算法,编码干涉高光谱图像的小波变换域。实验结果表明,该方法在8∶1压缩比下,获得大于40 dB的平均峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息。     

LASIS高光谱图像的3D-SPECK压缩算法

将三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法结合感兴趣区域的压缩方案用于大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪图像压缩.首先,对高光谱干涉图像序列进行三维非对称离散小波变换.其次,定义零块树作为编码单位.采用感兴趣区域方法对不同的编码单位赋予不同的比特率,以保护光谱信息.最后,采用改进的三维集合分裂嵌入块编码算法分别对每个编码单位进行编码.实验结果表明,该方案在8:1压缩比下,获得大于40dB的峰值信噪比,同时有效地保护了光谱信息.该算法复杂度低,实时性好,满足大孔径静态干涉成像光谱仪系统图像压缩要求.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.