利用高分子压电薄膜设计声辐射模态传感器

首先对声辐射模态进行改进,使声辐射模态形状在中、低频时与频率无关。然后在此基础上,以振动梁为例,提出通过设计特定形状的高分子电压薄膜作为传感器测量声辐射模态的伴随系数。实验结果表明这种声辐射模态传感器的设计是可行的。     

Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ体系中顶点氧振动的Raman谱研究

通过Raman散射声子谱研究了Pr掺杂对Bi2212体系顶点氧振动频率的影响,发现掺杂导致振动频率向低频方向移动.分析表明体系中BiO双层收缩是导致声子发生软化的主要原因.结合体系的结构特征,从能量关系角度上讨论了BiO双层随掺杂发生收缩的原因.     

板结构的声辐射模态分析及其高分辨率法向振动速度重建

提出了一种基于声辐射模态的速度基向量构建方法,该速度基向量不受网格划分的影响,可用于高分辨率的板结构法向振动速度重建。首先对板表面稀疏网格的声辐射模态进行计算,再以声辐射模态和模态系数构建板法向振动速度分布的基向量,然后由声场测量声压求解基向量系数,最后由该系数和加密网格的速度基向量重建高分辨率的板法向振动速度分布。以简支板声源进行仿真计算,当测量声压信噪比为30 dB时,低频的法向振动速度重建误差最低可达3.7%;以固支板声源在消声室中进行实验验证,131.5 Hz振动频率下的重建误差低于7%。该方法实现了只需要少量声压测量点即可精确重建板声源更高分辨率的法向振动速度分布。      

低频振动管外流动与传热特性研究

采用数值模拟与实验相结合的方法,研究了低频振动管外的流动与传热特性,分析了不同参数对换热性能的影响.数值计算结果的场协同理论分析与实验表明:振动有利于强化传热,且其强化传热的效果随着振动频率与振幅升高而增强.在半周期内,时相位为90°时管外的换热性能最好,在一定范围内协同角余弦值随振动频率的变化与振幅基本无关.对比不同管型,沿椭圆管短轴方向振动的协同角余弦值最高,传热效果最好.     

矩形板声辐射预测中速度采样问题的研究

为减少系统的复杂度和成本,基于无限大障板上振动矩形板模型,研究了声辐射预测中板表面速度采样问题.从理论上分析了影响速度采样间隔选取的因素,得到了低频时采样间隔由振动模态决定,高频时采样间隔由振动频率决定的结论.数值结果显示临界频率应满足kcsinθ=const(kc=2πFc/c,Fc为临界频率,θ为观察点倾斜角,c为声波波速)的规律,并且通过数值模拟和实验验证了该规律的适用性.     

高压下钼的声子色散的改进分析型嵌入原子法研究北大核心CSCD

应用改进分析型嵌入原子法模型计算了不同高压下金属钼的原子力常数和动力学矩阵,重现了压强下金属钼沿[00ζ]、[0ζζ]和[ζζζ]3个高对称方向上声子色散的实验结果,预测了钼在压强分别为60、80和100 GPa时的声子色散曲线。结果表明:压强分别为0.1 MPa、17 GPa和37 GPa时金属钼的声子色散曲线的模拟结果和实验值符合较好,特别在低频附近二者几乎一致,而在布里渊区的边界点附近,两者在数值上略有差异;在压强分别为60、80和100 GPa时所预测的声子色散曲线和常压下声子色散曲线的形状都非常相似;高压下所有振动支的振动频率均高于常压下的振动频率,且振动频率随压强的增大而增大。     

某商用车怠速油底壳异响问题分析研究*

针对产品开发过程中某柴油车型发动机油底壳怠速时“呜呜”异响问题,通过噪声与振动的测试及仿真分析,对油底壳异响原因进行分析。结果表明,怠速时机油泵的工作激励频率与油底壳模态频率耦合,形成“呜呜”声,并通过油底壳表面辐射出来。进一步实验研究表明,随着机油温度的升高,机油泵功率、工作激励幅值会逐步减小,异响逐步减小。同时实验研究表明,机油量对油底壳模态频率有影响,油底壳内机油加注量越多,油底壳模态频率越低,油底壳表面振动幅值及异响均逐步减小。针对该异响问题,明确该发动机机油加注上限及下限时油底壳对应频率范围后,通过优化怠速转速,提高油底壳模态频率等使机油泵激励频率与油底壳模态频率避频,解决了该异响问题。     

高压下钼的声子色散的改进分析型嵌入原子法研究

应用改进分析型嵌入原子法模型计算了不同高压下金属钼的原子力常数和动力学矩阵,重现了压强下金属钼沿[00ζ]、[0ζζ]和[ζζζ]3个高对称方向上声子色散的实验结果,预测了钼在压强分别为60、80和100 GPa时的声子色散曲线。结果表明:压强分别为0.1 MPa、17 GPa和37 GPa时金属钼的声子色散曲线的模拟结果和实验值符合较好,特别在低频附近二者几乎一致,而在布里渊区的边界点附近,两者在数值上略有差异;在压强分别为60、80和100 GPa时所预测的声子色散曲线和常压下声子色散曲线的形状都非常相似;高压下所有振动支的振动频率均高于常压下的振动频率,且振动频率随压强的增大而增大。     

基于超指向性多极子矢量阵的水下低频声源方位估计方法研究

针对水下低频声源的方位估计问题,基于基元紧密排列的二维矢量阵,建立了一种超指向性波束形成方法.根据矢量基元差分运算构建各阶多极子模型,获得了几乎与频率无关的模态函数,并经加权计算可在低频条件下实现超指向性波束,以解决阵列孔径对波束性能的限制.同时,结合输出信噪比最大准则所得波束,分析了超指向性波束形成算法的稳定性与波导的影响程度,探索模态阶数与阵列参数的选取原则.通过阵列性能的仿真计算与实际阵列的测量数据表明,该算法可在小尺寸阵列孔径下获得良好的阵列波束,兼具了水下线型超指向性阵和环形超指向性阵的优点,可有效实现水下低频声源的水平方位估计;且波束性能可通过调节模态阶数与基元间距以达到最佳,并受水下声波导多途与频散效应影响有限.     

长骨中振动声激发超声导波的方法

为了实现一定频段内任意低频下在长骨中激励导波信号,本文提出一种采用聚焦高频(5 MHz)超声换能器在长骨皮质骨中激发低频(150 kHz)超声导波的振动声方法.首先介绍了板状超声导波理论和双声束共聚焦法与单声束调幅法激发振动声的基本原理;进而采用三维有限元仿真方法分析振动声激发低频超声导波的基本现象,然后结合牛胫骨板离体实验,验证振动声激发低频超声导波的可行性.结果均表明,双声束共焦与单声束振动超声均可在骨板中激发低频超声导波.相关研究方法有助于提高空间域长骨中超声导波测量精度,以及在一定频段内实现任意频率激励等,对发展低频超声导波在体测量长骨皮质骨的新技术具有一定的指导意义.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.