Nb芯增强千米级7芯MgB_2超导线材的机械性能及超导性能研究

以非铁磁性的Nb作为中心增强体和阻隔层材料,无氧铜作为稳定体包套材料,采用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备了千米量级6+1芯导体结构的MgB2/Nb/Cu超导线带材,由于Nb/Cu包套材料具有良好的塑形加工性能,整个加工过程中未进行中间退火热处理,复合多芯线材最终加工到Φ1.4mm;在真空热处理炉中680℃保温2小时进行成相热处理;对烧结后的线材进行了超导电性、纵向电流分布均匀性及弯曲及拉伸力学性能等分析检测。线材的工程临界电流密度在20K,1T磁场条件下达到2.5×104A/cm2,表明该工艺能够制备实用化高性能的MgB2线带材。     

千米量级多芯MgB2/Nb/Cu超导线材的制备及性能研究

以无磁性的Nb作为中心增强体和阻隔层材料,无氧铜作为稳定体包套材料,采用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备了千米量级7芯导体结构的MgB2/Nb/Cu超导线带材,由于Nb/Cu包套材料具有良好的塑形加工性能,整个加工过程中未进行中间退火热处理,复合多芯线材最终加工到Φ1.4mm;在真空热处理炉中680℃保温2小时进行成相热处理;对烧结后的线材进行了微观结构、超导电性、纵向电流分布均匀性及常温力学性能等分析检测.线带材的工程临界电流密度在20K,1T磁场条件下达到2.5×104 A/cm2.结果表明该工艺能够制备实用化高性能的MgB2线带材.     

MgB_2/Nb/Cu多芯线材的力学性能研究

实验中对采用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备的Nb芯增强,6芯、12芯和36芯等多种导体结构的Nb/Cu复合包套MgB2多芯超导线材的力学性能进行了针对性地研究;设计并加工了一套专门用于低温下MgB2线带材弯曲应力测试的样品架;研究了MgB2线带材的临界电流随弯曲应力的变化性能;同时研究了室温及低温条件下的拉伸对MgB2线材超导电性的影响。力学性能分析表明,所制备的Nb芯增强6芯MgB2超导线材在弯曲直径为80mm以上时,超导临界传输电流没有出现明显的退降,同时该线材的拉伸力学性能也比未增强线材有明显的改善。     

热处理对C掺杂MgB2/Nb/Cu单芯线材微观结构及超导电性的影响

采用原位法粉末装管工艺(In-situ)制备了MgB2/Nb/Cu单芯线材,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析(EDS)和物性测试仪(PPMS)等手段研究了热处理温度对线材微观结构及超导电性的影响.结果显示,随着热处理温度的提高,衍射图谱中的(110)峰向高角度偏移,说明掺杂元素C进入晶格的量也在增加;烧结温度对C掺杂...     

钛酸四丁酯掺杂对6芯MgB_2线材微观结构以及超导电性的影响

选用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT),以钛酸四丁酯(TNBT)为掺杂物,制备了不同掺杂量的6芯MgB2线材,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)等分析手段,对不同掺杂量线材的粉末相成份、微观结构以及元素分布进行了详细分析,最后采用标准的四引线法测试了多芯掺杂线材的R-T和U-I曲线,其最终结果显示,以钛酸四丁酯为掺杂物并没有有效提高线材在外加磁场下的临界电流密度,主要原因可能是其分解过程产生的TiO2阻碍了C取代B,同时TiO2的存在并不能作为有效的钉扎中心。     

挤压工艺制备19芯MgB_2超导线材及其性能研究

本文采用挤压工艺研制19芯结构的多芯MgB_2/Nb/Cu超导线材,通过单道次挤压工艺将多芯复合包套从Φ64mm挤压到Φ20mm。挤压后的复合线通过冷拉拔最终加工到Φ1.4mm,并在670℃,保温2h进行烧结热处理,成功地制备出百米量级长度的MgB_2超导线材。采用该工艺所制备MgB_2超导线材具有良好的晶粒连接性和芯丝结合强度;显微分析表明该多芯复合线材横截面及超导芯丝分布较为均匀;在20和35K,自场下测试了所研制线材的传输性能,其超导临界电流密度J_c分别为1.05×10~5和6.7×10~4A/cm~2。     

氧化石墨烯增强Cu-Nb 复合线材结构及性能影响研究

本文采用粉末套管法成功制备出氧化石墨烯增强的 GO/Cu-Nb 多芯(192 芯) 复合线材及未掺杂氧化石墨烯的 Cu-Nb 多芯(192 芯) 复合线材. 通过金相、SEM 及拉曼光谱等表征不同尺寸下两种复合线材的芯丝组态、 界面特征及特征峰. 结果表明, 氧化石墨烯由于良好的自润滑特性较好地协调了芯丝与基体的变形, 其弥散分布有效阻隔了 Nb 颗粒团聚及大尺寸晶粒的产生, 芯丝变形更均匀, 形态更规则. 力学和电学性能测试结果表明, 掺杂氧化石墨烯后,Cu-Nb 复合线材的力学与电学性能均明显提升, 分析认为, 氧化石墨烯的尺寸大小、 分散均匀性及热处理是影响线材综合性能提升的主要原因.     

热处理温度对碳掺杂MgB_2/Nb/Cu超导线材性能的影响

采用Nb/Cu复合管作为外包套材料,通过原位法粉末装管工艺(PIT)制备了C掺杂MgB2/Nb/Cu线材.在高纯流动氩气保护条件下、650～950℃温度区间内烧结2h.微观结构分析显示,通过该工艺制备的MgB2/NbZr/Cu线材具有良好的晶粒连结性和较高的致密度.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明在750℃左右可以生成纯度较高的MgB2相,在低温和高温下烧结后均有杂相峰出现,并且高温烧结后所生成的相结构较为复杂.采用四引线法超导临界电流的测试结果表明,低温烧结后的线材具有超导电流传输性能,而当热处理温度超过750℃时,样品中的电流传输状态表现为正常电阻态.实验结果证实采用Nb作为原位法MgB2超导线材的包套阻隔层时,成相热处理一般应该在低于750℃的温度下进行.     

不同纯度硼粉搭配对MgB2多芯线材性能的影响

采用in-situ PIT工艺,以不同纯度硼粉相互搭配做为前驱粉末中的硼源,选用中心铜铌复合棒增强的导体结构制备了MgB2六芯线材,研究了不同纯度硼粉搭配对线材粉末相组成、微观结构以及超导电性的影响,其结果表明当高纯硼粉含量不低于50%时,自场下的临界电流不存在明显的衰减,因此以适当低纯硼粉(95～97%)和高纯硼粉(99.999%)相互搭配不但不会降低线材的临界电流,而且可以很大程度上降低线材的制造成本,为线材的实用化提供了很好的经济基础.     

少模多芯光纤的纤芯排布方法

提出一种3模12芯光纤的纤芯排布优化方法.在分析芯间串扰、弯曲半径阈值和相对纤芯多重性因子等特性后,给出了单圆形结构和方点阵结构的纤芯排布方法及优化方案.对于单圆形结构,在波长为1 625nm的情况下很难找到合适纤芯排布以使芯间串扰小于-30dB/100km并且使光缆截至波长小于1 530nm.对于方点阵结构,在波长为1 625nm,且弯曲半径大于弯曲半径阈值时,可使芯间串扰小于-30dB/100km,最大光缆截至波长不大于1 530nm,纤芯多重性因子可达到~15,这表明方点阵结构是一种比单圆形结构更适合3模12芯光纤的纤芯排布结构.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.