Nb芯增强千米级7芯MgB_2超导线材的机械性能及超导性能研究

以非铁磁性的Nb作为中心增强体和阻隔层材料,无氧铜作为稳定体包套材料,采用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备了千米量级6+1芯导体结构的MgB2/Nb/Cu超导线带材,由于Nb/Cu包套材料具有良好的塑形加工性能,整个加工过程中未进行中间退火热处理,复合多芯线材最终加工到Φ1.4mm;在真空热处理炉中680℃保温2小时进行成相热处理;对烧结后的线材进行了超导电性、纵向电流分布均匀性及弯曲及拉伸力学性能等分析检测。线材的工程临界电流密度在20K,1T磁场条件下达到2.5×104A/cm2,表明该工艺能够制备实用化高性能的MgB2线带材。     

MgB_2/Nb/Cu多芯线材的力学性能研究

实验中对采用原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备的Nb芯增强,6芯、12芯和36芯等多种导体结构的Nb/Cu复合包套MgB2多芯超导线材的力学性能进行了针对性地研究;设计并加工了一套专门用于低温下MgB2线带材弯曲应力测试的样品架;研究了MgB2线带材的临界电流随弯曲应力的变化性能;同时研究了室温及低温条件下的拉伸对MgB2线材超导电性的影响。力学性能分析表明,所制备的Nb芯增强6芯MgB2超导线材在弯曲直径为80mm以上时,超导临界传输电流没有出现明显的退降,同时该线材的拉伸力学性能也比未增强线材有明显的改善。     

热处理温度对碳掺杂MgB_2/Nb/Cu超导线材性能的影响

采用Nb/Cu复合管作为外包套材料,通过原位法粉末装管工艺(PIT)制备了C掺杂MgB2/Nb/Cu线材.在高纯流动氩气保护条件下、650～950℃温度区间内烧结2h.微观结构分析显示,通过该工艺制备的MgB2/NbZr/Cu线材具有良好的晶粒连结性和较高的致密度.X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明在750℃左右可以生成纯度较高的MgB2相,在低温和高温下烧结后均有杂相峰出现,并且高温烧结后所生成的相结构较为复杂.采用四引线法超导临界电流的测试结果表明,低温烧结后的线材具有超导电流传输性能,而当热处理温度超过750℃时,样品中的电流传输状态表现为正常电阻态.实验结果证实采用Nb作为原位法MgB2超导线材的包套阻隔层时,成相热处理一般应该在低于750℃的温度下进行.     

Nb芯增强MgB2多芯超导线材的制备及性能研究

以Nb/Cu复合管作为外包套材料,Nb棒作为中心增强体,通过原位法粉末装管工艺(in-situ PIT)制备了不同芯丝结构的TiC 粉末掺杂MgB2/NbCu多芯线材.在高纯流动氩气保护条件下、700℃烧结2h进行成相反应.对烧结后的线材分别进行了应力-应变分析、微观结构以及超导电性等分析检测.拉伸实验分析表明,Nb芯...     

挤压工艺制备19芯MgB_2超导线材及其性能研究

本文采用挤压工艺研制19芯结构的多芯MgB_2/Nb/Cu超导线材,通过单道次挤压工艺将多芯复合包套从Φ64mm挤压到Φ20mm。挤压后的复合线通过冷拉拔最终加工到Φ1.4mm,并在670℃,保温2h进行烧结热处理,成功地制备出百米量级长度的MgB_2超导线材。采用该工艺所制备MgB_2超导线材具有良好的晶粒连接性和芯丝结合强度;显微分析表明该多芯复合线材横截面及超导芯丝分布较为均匀;在20和35K,自场下测试了所研制线材的传输性能,其超导临界电流密度J_c分别为1.05×10~5和6.7×10~4A/cm~2。     

热处理对C掺杂MgB2/Nb/Cu单芯线材微观结构及超导电性的影响

采用原位法粉末装管工艺(In-situ)制备了MgB2/Nb/Cu单芯线材,通过X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析(EDS)和物性测试仪(PPMS)等手段研究了热处理温度对线材微观结构及超导电性的影响.结果显示,随着热处理温度的提高,衍射图谱中的(110)峰向高角度偏移,说明掺杂元素C进入晶格的量也在增加;烧结温度对C掺杂...     

包套材料尺寸对MgB2超导线材性能的影响

采用原位粉末套管法(in-situ PIT)制备了MgB2/Fe线材.前驱粉末按照Mg:B=1.1:2的比例将Mg粉和B粉混合研磨,装入外径和内径分别为14×8mm、10×7mm和6×4mm的低碳钢管中,均拉拔至Φ1.18mm,然后800℃保温10min.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和综合物性测试系统(PPMS)分析了样品的微观结构和超导电性.结果表明,MgB2超导线材粉芯填充因子主要由原始包套材料尺寸所决定,且在线材减径过程中变化微弱;微观结构显示,随着包套材料外径增加,芯部孔隙率减小,有效导电面积增加;同时,包套材料尺寸对线材临界电流也有影响,原始外径增大可提高临界电流密度.     

19芯Fe/Cu复合包套二硼化镁超导线制备及其超导性能研究

采用In-Situ PIT方法,以工业级低纯度B粉(92%)和镁粉(99%)为原料制备了19芯Fe/Cu复合包套MgB2超导线。断面扫描电镜观测表明,超导线内部超导芯分布排列均匀,Fe层都能完好包围MgB2芯体,Fe与Cu层结合紧密,填充因子0.17。750℃热处理1h后,样品超导转变温度Tc(onset)=33.5K,转变宽度ΔTc=4.8K。X光衍射检测发现,MgB2超导相中不存在其它Mg-B化合物杂项,但含有少量MgO和FeB2。多芯化后,超导芯中FeB2略有增加。四引线Ic测试发现,19芯样品在4.2K,4T时,临界电流密度为5622A/cm2,比单芯样品14400 A/cm2降低约2/3。     

热处理条件对MgB2带材物理性能的影响

用Mg和B的混合粉体以及用MgB2粉体作为起始材料,不锈钢作为外鞘,分别制备出MgB2超导带材,并通过不同的烧结工艺对MgB2带子进行热处理.系统地对比研究了样品在不同制备条件下的和Jc不同的内在根源,提出制备性能优异的MgB2带材的可能途径.     

MF Nb/Cu挤压管法制备MF Nb_3Sn化合物超导线材工艺的实用性

曾报道过研究“MF Nb/Cu挤压复合管富Sn中心扩散法制备 MF Nb_3Sn超导线材工艺”的初步结果:1)线材容易加工;2)在4—6 T场强下,短样的有效临界电流密度高。美国IGC的Schwall等人用同样的方法制备 MF Nb_3Sn超导线材(作者称“Sn芯法”);日本三菱公司的 Yoshizaki等人先制成 MF Nb/Cu挤压复合棒,然后在棒的中心沿轴向钻孔,获得MF Nb/Cu复合管,用以制备MF Nb_3Sn超导线材(作者称“内Sn扩散法”)。     

122型铁基超导线带材实用化研究进展

在种类众多的新型铁基超导材料中,122型铁基超导体具有高转变温度、超高上临界场、低各向异性、高临界电流密度等优点,因此成为高场应用领域最具竞争力的铁基超导材料.目前122型铁基超导线带材在4.2 K,10 T下的传输临界电流密度已经超过10⁵A/cm²这一实用化门槛值,表现出十分广阔的应用前景.本文回顾了新型铁基超导体的发现及发展历程,结合122型铁基超导体的自身特点,就如何制备高性能122型铁基超导线带材展开讨论,同时对粉末装管法制备流程中影响线带材性能的几大关键因素进行了详细分析.重点介绍了近年来122型铁基超导线带材的实用化研究进展,包括高强度线带材的制备、圆线的研制、多芯线材及长线的制备、超导接头的研究、力学性能及各向异性的研究等.对122型铁基超导线带材实用化研究进行了总结,并对其未来的发展趋势进行了展望.     

MgB2 coated superconducting tapes with high critical current densities fabricated by hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition

The MgB₂ coated superconducting tapes have been fabricated on textured Cu (0 0 1) and polycrystalline Hastelloy tapes using coated conductor technique, which has been developed for the second generation high temperature superconducting wires. The MgB₂/Cu tapes were fabricated over a wide temperature range of 460-520 °C by using hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD) technique. The tapes exhibited the critical temperatures (T_c) ranging between 36 and 38 K with superconducting transition width (ΔT_c) of about 0.3-0.6 K. The highest critical current density (J_c) of 1.34 × 10⁵ A/cm² at 5 K under 3 T is obtained for the MgB₂/Cu tape grown at 460 °C. To further improve the flux pinning property of MgB₂ tapes, SiC is coated as an impurity layer on the Cu tape. In contrast to pure MgB₂/Cu tapes, the MgB₂ on SiC-coated Cu tapes exhibited opposite trend in the dependence of J_c with growth temperature. The improved flux pinning by the additional defects created by SiC-impurity layer along with the MgB₂ grain boundaries lead to strong improvement in J_c for the MgB₂/SiC/Cu tapes. The MgB₂/Hastelloy superconducting tapes fabricated at a temperature of 520 °C showed the critical temperatures ranging between 38.5 and 39.6 K. We obtained much higher J_c values over the wide field range for MgB₂/Hastelloy tapes than the previously reported data on other metallic substrates, such as Cu, SS, and Nb. The J_c values of J_c(20 K, 0 T) ∼5.8 × 10⁶ A/cm² and J_c(20 K, 1.5 T) ∼2.4 × 10⁵ A/cm² is obtained for the 2-μm-thick MgB₂/Hastelloy tape. This paper will review the merits of coated conductor approach along with the HPCVD technique to fabricate MgB₂ conductors with high T_c and J_c values which are useful for large scale applications.     

原位法MgB_2-B_4C复相超导体合成及相含量调控研究

以B4C和Mg为原料合成的MgB2-B4C复相超导体具有高的临界电流密度(Jc)和高的超导转变温度(Tc),是一种有潜力的实用MgB2超导材料,其成相机理对复相MgB2超导体的相含量调控和磁通钉扎研究具有重要意义。结合经典烧结理论,研究了B4C-Mg真空固相烧结制备MgB2-B4C复相超导体的超导相形成和晶粒生长过程,给出了B4C-Mg的金斯特林格扩散模型和MgB2晶粒生长过程。通过选择B4C原料粒径,MgB2-B4C复相超导体超导相体积相含量在18%-88%范围可控。相含量88%的MgB2-B4C复相超导体临界转变温度达33.5K,转变宽度1.5K。10 K环境6T外场下电流密度可以达到1×104A/cm2,表明MgB2-B4C复相超导体具有良好的磁通钉扎行为。     

Large transport critical currents of powder-in-tube Sr0.6K0.4Fe2As2/Ag superconducting wires and tapes

We report the achievement of transport critical currents in Sr_0.6K_0.4Fe₂As₂ wires and tapes with a T_c = 34 K. The wires and tapes were fabricated through an in situ powder-in-tube process. Silver was used as a chemical addition as well as a sheath material. All the wire and tape samples have shown the ability to transport superconducting current. Critical current density J_c was enhanced upon silver addition, and at 4.2 K, a largest J_c of ～1200 A/cm² (I_c = 9 A) was achieved for 20% silver added tapes, which is the highest in iron-based wires and tapes so far. The J_c is almost field independent between 1 T and 10 T, exhibiting a strong vortex pinning. Such a high transport critical current density is attributed to the weak reaction between the silver sheath and the superconducting core, as well as an improved connectivity between grains. We also identify a weak-link behavior from the apparent drop of J_c at low fields and a hysteretic phenomenon. Finally, we found that compared to Fe, Ta and Nb tubes, Ag was the best sheath material for the fabrication of high-performance 122 type pnictide wires and tapes.     

Bi-2212/Ag-Mn多芯线材的制备

Bi-2212(Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox)线材具有优异的低温高场性能,线材的各向同性为磁体绕制提供方便,使其成为超高磁场磁体内插线圈的首选材料.本研究采用PIT技术与部分熔化工艺相结合的工艺制备Bi-2212/AgMn线材,系统研究熔化温度、降温速率以及低温保温时间后处理气氛等参数对线材相成分、微观结构及超导电性的影响,最终制备出临界电流密度Jc达到14.7kA/cm2(77K,self)的Bi-2212多芯线材.     

非铁磁性管套法硼化镁带材的基本物理特性

采用粉末管套法,在不锈钢、铜和铝非铁磁性金属管套中制备了MgB2超导带材。电阻温度特性测量表明,以不锈钢管为包套制备的MgB2超导带材具备较好的电输运性能:临界转变温度最高(Tc=33.7K)、转变宽度最窄(零电阻转变ΔTc=1.2K,完全抗磁转变Tm=1.9K)。XRD测量显示,三种管套都能够使MgB2良好成相,MgB2和MgO相的相含量比例R(SS、Cu、A l)分别为7.15、2.45、3.77,样品中MgO相应该是Mg和管套中残余的氧反应的结果,铜管和铝管中还分别检测到了Cu2Mg和A l3Mg2相。对不锈钢管套MgB2带材的热导率测量显示,在超导转变温度以下热输运能力单调下降,满足多晶导体内热运动随温度变化的理论结果。     

实用化MgB2超导材料研究进展

本文综述了实用化MgB2超导材料的最新研究进展．最新的理论和实验结果表明通过元素替代和掺杂，有希望进一步提高MgB2超导线带材的临界电流密度和磁通钉扎特性，完全可以达到实用化要求．目前MgB2超导磁体的制备技术研究已经开始，极有可能开发出采用闭路循环制冷机制冷的核磁共振成像仪（MRI）取代现在医学上使用的基于低温超导的核磁共振成像系统．     

Bi-axial texture in Ca0.1Y0.9Ba2Cu4O8 composite wires made by metallic precursors

High filament count, silver-sheathed composite wires of Ca_0.1Y_0.9Ba₂Cu₄O₈ (Y–124) were prepared by a metallic precursor route. The ductility of the metallic precursor enabled one to manufacture tapes containing up to 962 407 filaments, with filament dimensions as fine as 0.25 μm thick and 1 μm wide. By using a thermal-mechanical treatment to texture the Y–124 grains, transport critical current densities in the oxide filaments of 69 500 A/cm² at 4.2 K in self-field were obtained. Moreover, in an applied field of 0.1 T, the samples retained 39% of their self-field critical current density. A TEM investigation revealed significant bi-axial crystallographic texture: in areas viewed, c-axis alignment of adjacent grains was within 10° and oriented perpendicular to the tape face; a-axis alignment of adjacent grains was within 15° and oriented parallel to the longitudinal direction of the filaments. Furthermore, c-axis texture alone did not adequately predict the performance of these Y−124 composite conductors. Instead, performance scaled with the degree of bi-axial texture. These wires exhibited among the best reported J_c for a polycrystalline, sintered wire of YBCO in an applied magnetic field.     

Fe的磁化对MgB_2/Fe线材载流特性的影响的仿真研究(英文)

由于铁的磁化特性,对于铁包套的MgB_2线材来说,线材的截面形状和铁包套的厚度都会影响到MgB2超导芯的磁场,进而影响到MgB_2线材的载流能力。文中将建立几种典型的单芯及多芯MgB_2线材模型,并利用有限元方法(finite element method,FEM)分析铁包套对这些模型中超导芯的最大磁场B_(max)和临界电流密度J_c,经过对这几种典型结构的载流能力进行比较,可以得到一些有益于改善铁包套MgB_2线材的载流能力的合理性建议。