一种新型余热联产系统的性能优化研究

为满足用户夏季制冷冬季供热的多目标需求,本文提出了一种适用于中低温余热的新型冷电/热电联产系统。考虑经济收益,定义了系统在冷电联产和热电联产两种工作模式下的循环总效率,并以之为目标函数,采用蚁群优化算法,针对系统的关键运行参数,分别进行了自编程优化计算。结果表明:新系统在冷电联产和热电联产时,最优摩尔浓度分别为0.525和0.500,循环总效率分别为19.9%和20.0%;在相同余热工况下,与传统系统或已有联产系统相比,新系统循环总效率更高,是一种适用于低品位热源的多目标能源供应形式。     

大口径光学合成孔径成像技术发展现状

简明介绍了光学合成孔径的两种成像方式和光学波段合成孔径的发展概况。全面介绍镜面拼接、稀疏孔径和位相阵列3种合成孔径结构系统国内外发展现状。归纳出了目前光学合成孔径技术在天基和地基观测系统的发展趋势及技术难题。与传统单一口径的光学系统相比,光学合成孔径系统具有更高的分辨率、镜面加工难度低、易折叠、重量轻等特点,是实现高分辨率光学成像系统的一种重要且有效途径。     

一体化多系统无缝定位算法设计

介绍了“区域性定位”和“无缝隙定位”两种模式下三种系统的一体化导航定位,三种系统分别是区域无线、卫星和捷联惯性系统;其中自主性强的惯性定位系统可以连续地输出所需的导航定位信息,并且短期内精度和稳定性都是比较优秀的,但要克服惯性长期工作积累误差的问题,可以采取一体化的方式将其他两种导航定位加以整合;最后通过跑车试验验证了整合后的系统具有适应环境能力强,容错性好的特点。     

6.1通路通用平面环绕声系统的研究

提出了一种新的６．１通路环绕声系统及系统的两种不同的信号馈给法。通过理论和实验证明了系统可重发水平面内３６０°的声像,特别是侧向和后方的声像效果较现有的５．１通路系统有明显的改善,因而适合作为通用的环绕声系统。文中同时证明了新系统与５．１通路系统完全兼容,利用现有的方法即可实现信号的兼容记录与重发。     

复眼透镜提高液晶投影照明系统的能量利用率

照明系统是液晶投影仪的重要组成部分．它将直接影响到投影仪的光能利用率以及色彩等系统性能。对于复眼照明系统,复眼透镜的良好设计可以大人提高系统的能量利用率。在对液晶投影照明系统的原理进行分析的基础上,提出了两种复眼透镜的设计方案。两种方案均采用矩形子复眼,便于设计和加工。通过对复眼透镜中每个子复眼进行偏心以及改变其形状大小来提高系统能量利用率。计算机模拟结果表明,两种设计方案与传统设汁相比,在光能利用率上分别提高了16．5％和26．3%,并且具有较高的均匀性。最后,还对两种复眼透镜的设计方案进行了分析和比较。     

双尺度织构的激光光刻工艺

搭建了双光束激光干涉光刻系统和激光快速扫描系统。利用干涉光刻系统,实现了不同周期、不同深度、大面积的表面规则光栅织构的构筑。利用激光快速扫描器的二维扫描功能,通过控制激光功率和扫描速度,对曝光量和填充线条间距进行了优化。提出了两种双尺度复合织构的制备方法:一种是在激光快速扫描系统中对抗蚀剂表面分别进行x, y方向的扫描光刻,然后在干涉光刻系统中进行双光束干涉光刻;另一种是在激光干涉光刻系统中进行两次曝光,每次曝光的入射角不同。实验结果表明:这两种方法在制备双尺度复合织构方面具有快速、廉价、操作简易等优点。     

改进的保群算法及其在混沌系统中的应用

混沌系统的跟踪控制是近年来非线性控制领域研究的热点之一. 本文提出了一种基于快速下降控制方法的保群算法, 此方法使受控混沌系统能够快速稳定到相空间的一个不动点; 另外提出一种基于滑模控制方法的保群算法, 此方法使受控混沌系统能够快速跟踪一个确定的运动轨迹. 应用这两种新方法分别对两个经典的混沌系统(Lorenz系统和Duffing系统)进行了相应的数值实验, 实验结果表明这两种方法都具用较高的精度和稳定性.     

光学档案系统

美国的Aquidneck Data公司研制出一种OAS4300光学档案系统,该系统可用于大型计算机和微型计算机系统中的资料储备和归档。该系统提供了一种简易方法,以便于用户能在现行的储备、归档操作中直接使用光学存储,它还允许用户将以前存档在磁带上的资料转换到光盘上。     

Lagrange系统Mei对称性直接导致的一种守恒量

研究Lagrange系统的Mei对称性直接导致的一种守恒量. 给出系统的Mei对称性的定义和判据方程, 得到系统Mei对称性直接导致的一种守恒量的条件和形式,并举例说明结果的应用. 关键词： Lagrange系统 Mei对称性 守恒量     

基于三种调制模式下的turbo码光无线通信系统分析

从分析大气对光无线通信系统的影响出发,研究了大气信道特性,建立了大气信道信噪比和能见度的关系.为降低系统误码率,提出了基于OOK、BPSK、BPPM三种调制模式的turbo码的编码方案,推导出三种不同方案对应的turbo码迭代MAP算法.应用建立的信噪比关系,分析和计算了基于三种不同方案的系统的误码率.结果表明,基于BPSK的turbo码系统比OOK和BPPM系统的信噪比降低约3dB,且在高的信噪比情况下,BPSK系统能显著降低系统的误码率.因此,基于BPSK的turbo码方案较适合光无线通信系统.     

等离子环境中带电体能量的Collin变分

基于系统性电磁兼容的考虑,对等离子环境中在轨航天器导体充放电现象中的能量特征进行了变分研究.通过电磁Collin原理,对等离子环境中导体系统几何尺度与所带电能的变分联系进行了理论分析.在此基础上,推广了更具一般性的数值估值分析方法,并对复杂导体系统电磁参数、等离子环境特征与系统能量间的关系进行了实例分析.研究结果对于等离子环境中复杂带电体的能量控制及相关的电磁环境效应与防护等研究具有积极意义.     

Propagation of electrostatic energy through a quantum plasma

The theory of propagation of electrostatic energy through an infinite, homogeneous electron–ion quantum plasma is presented. Simple expressions for the energy flow, energy density, and energy velocity of longitudinal oscillation waves in the system are derived using the linearized quantum hydrodynamic theory for the electron fluid, which incorporates the important quantum statistical pressure and electron diffraction force, while the optical response of the ion particles is characterized by the classical frequency‐dependent dielectric function, ?_ion. Both cases of plasmon (high‐frequency) and quantum ion‐acoustic (low‐frequency) waves are considered.     

静电学中一道题的三种解释

本文用功能关系和坡印亭矢量分析和讨论了电容器并联过程中能量的变化原因.     

Electrostatic interaction between a rod-like macromolecule and a circular orifice/disk in an electrolyte solution

We present the solutions of the interaction energy for a colloid system with a charged rod-like macromolecule immersed in a bulk electrolyte and moving along the axis of a circular orifice or disk (orifice/disk).The calculation requires a numerical computation of the surface charge profiles,which result from a constant surface potential on the macromolecule and the orifice/disk.In the calculation,remarkable divergences of the surface charge emerge on the edges of the macromolecule and the orifice/disk,which are well-known edge effects.The anisotropic distribution of the surface charge (effective dipole) results in an attraction between these two charged objects.This attraction is enhanced with the increase of the screening length of the system for both the orifice and the disk systems.However,the sizes of the orifice and the disk reduce to different effects on the interaction energy.     

一个静电场问题的若干讨论

导体和外电场的相互作用静电能中,有一个著名的1/2问题.本文从点电荷观点、电介质的机械类比以及电介质热力学关系等几个不同角度来讨论这个问题.同时,将论述有关静电场能量问题的几个容易引起混淆的关系.     

再谈静电能的损失

本文从暂态过程的角度和能流的观点分析和讨论电容器并联过程中能量的损失问题.     

用保角变换求解电磁场时值得注意的问题——也谈旋转椭球形电容器的静电能

讨论使用保角变换求解电磁场问题时值得注意的问题,导出共焦旋转椭球形电容器的电容及静电能公式.     

The Principles of Developing the Ball Lightning Theory

Criteria for developing the ball lightning theory based on the results of observations are analyzed. It is assumed that the key features of ball lightning are a large energy (more than 10⁶ J) and long lifetime (more than 1 s). We exclude from consideration theories which do not explain these features and concentrate our attention on the analysis of three models where the large energy of the autonomous ball lightning and the forces providing the compression of the ball lightning substance are taken into account. The first considered model was developed by Geert Dijkhuis, in which the appearance of a force directed towards the system center is attributed to the Bose condensation of vortices of degenerated electrons as well as to gradient forces arising due to a nonuniform distribution of the electron density over the ball lightning volume. The second model proposed by Vladimir Bychkov assumed that the energy reservoir of ball lightning is polymer threads carrying a big electric charge. Our model assumes that the energy is stored in the form of kinetic energy of ions which the positively charged core of ball lightning is thought to consist of. The core is compressed by a dielectric shell which, in turn, is shrunk by the force created due to the nonuniform electric field of the core. The merits and limitations of these and other models are discussed.     

浅谈静电的危害及其应用

随着科学技术的发展,由静电所带来的负面效应及静电的应用,越来越受到人们的重视.本文简要地从静电产生的原理入手,介绍静电带来的常见危害,及其在不同领域中的应用.并展望了静电应用的发展趋势.     

New developments in the multiscale hybrid energy density computational method

Further developments in the hybrid multiscale energy density method are proposed on the basis of our previous papers. The key points are as follows.(i) The theoretical method for the determination of the weight parameter in the energy coupling equation of transition region in multiscale model is given via constructing underdetermined equations.(ii)By applying the developed mathematical method, the weight parameters have been given and used to treat some problems in homogeneous charge density systems, which are directly related with multiscale science.(iii) A theoretical algorithm has also been presented for treating non-homogeneous systems of charge density. The key to the theoretical computational methods is the decomposition of the electrostatic energy in the total energy of density functional theory for probing the spanning characteristic at atomic scale, layer by layer, by which the choice of chemical elements and the defect complex effect can be understood deeply.(iv) The numerical computational program and design have also been presented.