第二届全国电介质物理年会简讯

中国物理学会第二届电介质物理年会于1983年12月7日至12日在山东济南举行.出席代表103人,他们来自科研机构、高等院校和有关工厂共50多个单位.会议收到学术论文90篇,按内容可分为三个方面:即相变结构与缺陷;介电、压电与铁电性能;热电、电光及其它功能效应.大会交流了关于电介质物理研究与发展的综合报告,国外电介质学科发展动态的很告以及绝缘电介质学术会议的情况汇报.小组交流分三个会场进行,共宣读了论文71篇.会后将编印出版《第二届全国电介质物理年会论文详细摘要》。 自1980年在桂林召开的第一届全国电介质物理年会以来,我国电介质物…     

各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框的空间电势和电场强度

从各向异性电介质中点电荷的电势表达式出发,采取分段计算叠加的方法,首先计算了各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框的空间电势.然后,利用电场强度与电势梯度的关系,导出了各向异性电介质中均匀带电矩形线框电场强度的空间分布表达式.最后,对方形均匀带电线框和中心轴线上的特殊情形进行了简单说明.     

电介质及其在经济建设中的重要作用

一、电介质物理的发展简史 人们习惯于把电导为零(绝缘体)或禁带很宽的物质称为电介质.但电介质更确切的定义是在电场作用下发生极化的物质,或者说是靠感应而不是靠传导传递电能的物质. 电介质的研究虽然已有150多年的历史,但系统深入的研究,还是从本世纪开始.这是由于经济建设的需要,工作电压越来越高,到处尖锐地存在着怎样绝缘的问题;由于微波和雷达技术的出现,要求在微波频率下损耗更小的介质作为天线及其它功能元件;激光与极性电介质有很密切的关系,例如铁电体和压电体的电光效应和非线性光学效应,已在激光的研究、发展和应用中起到很重…     

作用在平行板电容器中一片电介质的力

在一些物理学的教科书中,利用虚功原理计算了作用于插入平行板电容器的一片电介质的力.[1],[2]但没有从物理原因上进行分析.这就会产生这样的问题,即垂直方向的电场,怎么会有水平方向的力作用于电介质上?本文通过对于电介质受力的微观机制的分析,计算作用于这片均匀电介质的力.一、电介质受力的微观机制 在电场中的电介质要受到电场作用而极化.在平行板电容器的极板间,插入一片电介质,由于电容器边缘区不均匀电场的作用,电介质中极化的电偶极子排列也是不均匀的.图一是这种情况的示意图. 图一电容器的极板,在z方向宽w,x方向长为L. 在X=X0…     

利用电介质柱共振器实现电磁响应模式可转变的电磁超介质

本文利用电磁场数值计算方法研究了横截面具有不同长宽比例的电介质柱的电磁共振模式,发现横截面长宽比例影响电介质柱共振模式的激发顺序.截面长宽比小于2.2时,首先激发磁共振模式;而长宽比大于2.2时,磁共振模式在第二个共振被激发;作为转折点,截面长宽比例约为2.2的电介质柱不能激发磁共振模式.结果还表明改变电磁波入射方向可以调节长方形截面的电介质柱的磁共振发生的频率位置,实现偏振可控的电磁响应,这为新颖的电介质电磁超介质的设计与研究提供有价值的信息. 关键词： 电介质 电磁超介质 共振     

第五届全国电介质物理会议简讯

第五届全国电介质物理会议于1989年11月16- 20日在成都电子科技大学召开.全国电介质物理会议是中国物理学会电介质物理专业委员会组织召开的每两年一届的全国性电介质物理学术会议。本届会议本着“总结、交流、探索、发展”的宗旨,对我国当今凝聚态物理以及现代电介质科学技术领域的发展进行了广泛深入的学术交流. 出席本届学术会议的代表来自国际和国内28个单位的电介质学科的专家、学者、科技工作者和研究生共100余人.法国液体介质著名学者、Poiti ers大学物理及流体力学实验室主任兼大学计算中心负责人G.Touchard教授应邀出席会议.会议…     

氢负离子在磁场和电介质表面附近光剥离的研究

利用闭合轨道理论, 研究了变化的磁场和不同电介质表面对氢负离子光剥离截面的影响, 并推导出了该体系下的光剥离截面公式. 结果发现, 氢负离子的光剥离截面不仅与磁场的强度有关, 而且还与电介质常数有关. 当氢负离子到电介质表面的距离和电介质常数一定时, 体系的光剥离截面中的振荡随磁场的变化而明显变化. 随着磁场强度的 增大, 体系的闭合轨道数目增多, 光剥离截面的振荡越来越复杂. 当氢负离子到电介质表面的距离和磁场强度一定时, 电介质常数的变化对光剥离截面的影响也很重要, 随着电介质常数的增大, 体系的闭合轨道数目增多, 光剥离截面的振荡也变得越来越复杂. 因此, 可以通过改变磁场强度和电解质常数来调整负离子的光剥离截面. 此结果 对于研究负离子体系在表面附近和外场中的光剥离问题具有一定的参考价值.     

基于最大熵原理的有极分子电介质极化研究

本文从最大熵原理出发,研究了有极分子电介质的极化规律.结果表明,有极分子电介质的电极化强度与电场强度并非遵从严格的线性关系,只是当电场不很强时,电极化强度与电场强度近似成正比,而当电场强度非常大时,电极化强度将趋于定值.利用该原理同样可以研究无极分子电介质的极化问题.     

嵌入电介质小球的金属薄片的电磁波透射特性

研究了金属板上下两个表面内侧都周期性地嵌入电介质小球体系的透射和吸收性质.结果显示：对于嵌入深度很小的电介质小球,电磁波可通过隧穿效应进入到电介质小球内,并以腔体本征模式的形式存在.当嵌入深度很小时,周期排列的电介质小球会对金属表面做有效的周期性调制,使体系在特定的频率出现金属表面等离子激元.当腔体本征模式与金属表面等离子激元模式的频率相近时,它们之间的耦合将使两种电磁模式大幅度地增强,从而使上层的电介质小球内具有非常强的电磁场.这些高强度的电磁场有相当一部分可通过隧穿效应进入到下层的电介质小球内,并通过 关键词： 腔体模式 表面等离子激元 透射     

NaCl晶体结构的εr计算

现有计算电介质介电常数的方法都是基于单位体积内电介质宏观的电极化强度P等于微观电极化总强度n0 ·p的方法 .本文结合自然界的能量守恒关系 ,利用电介质在电场作用下的宏观电储能等于微观偶极子的弹性位移能的方法 ,推导出一个通用公式来计算碱卤晶体 (包括NaCl晶体结构 ,CsCl晶体结构 )的εr,理论值和公式计算值对比十分吻合 .     

Reciprocity relations in the problem of nonlinear conductivity of two-dimensional inhomogeneous systems

The symmetry transformation proposed by A.M. Dykhne is applied to a nonlinear problem of the conductivity of two-dimensional inhomogeneous media. A number of relations are obtained between the local and effective nonlinear characteristics of the original system and its reciprocal. Reciprocity relations for even partial moments of electric field strength of arbitrary order are established for two-component two-dimensional composites.     

Optical property and collective excitation of plasmon in a multiple-quantum-well superlattice in electric field

A finite type-I superlattice with different dielectric media on either side of the surfaces is considered under a perturbing electric fields parallel to the superlattice axis on the basis of an infinite square potential well. Using the random-phase approximation, the density–density correlation function including intra- and inter-level transitions in a multiple-quantum-well (MQW) is calculated. The dispersion relations for the surface and the bulk states are obtained as functions of the momentum wave vector and the averaged electric field strength over the quantum well. The Raman intensities due to the bulk and the surface plasmons for the intra- and the inter-level transitions are also obtained for incoming light energy.     

Symmetry transformations and reciprocity relations in the theory of multicomponent dielectric media

Characteristics of the formation of a dipole electric field are established for multicomponent fiber composites having a regular distribution of inclusions in the matrix. It is shown that these media are characterized by symmetry transformations of the average electric fields. These symmetry transformations yield reciprocity relations for the effective parameters. Various forms of these relations are given and their physical interpretation is presented.     

Field and energy relations in continuum electrodynamics

The bare, or fundamental, electric and magnetic fields in a linear medium are identified. Through the energy relations for the bare fields, the electric permittivity is shown to combine the effects of the enhanced energy density and the polarization reaction field. The macroscopic Maxwell equations are modified to be consistent with the constitutive relations for the bare fields.     

Spectral dyadic Green's function formulation for uniaxial bianisotropic superstrate-substrate structure

In this paper, spectral-domain dyadic Green's functions for the time harmonic electric current source embedded in a two-layer grounded uniaxial bianisotropic media are obtained using Fourier tranform. It is shown that in the uniaxial bianisotropic medium, total spectral electromagnetic field can also be separated into the superposition of transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) wave. Because of the generality of constitutive relations our results include the special cases of achiral, uniaxial, reciprocal and nonreciprocal biisotropic media.     

Scattering phenomenon of qP wave at the interface of FGPM and piezoelectric medium

The present paper aims to investigate the reflection and refraction of quasi-longitudinal (qP) waves at the welded interface between rotating piezoelectric and FGPM half-spaces. The equation of motion and constitutive relations for both the media have been used to derive the expressions for reflection and refraction coefficients for various reflected and transmitted waves. Also, the energy ratios (dependent on incident angle) are calculated. Moreover, the sum of all energy ratios is approximately unity at each value of incident angle which ensures that the law of energy conservation at the interface. Moreover, it is observed that the reflection and refraction coefficients of various reflected and transmitted waves depend not only on the incident angle but also on the material constants of the medium, parameters of the electric potential, initial stress as well as rotation parameters of the two media. A particular case has been deduced to validate the present study. This investigation may have possible applications in the areas of signal processing, transduction, frequency shifting (a change in the velocity of surface waves and controlling the selectivity of a filter compensation) of individual devices.     

Electric-field-induced energy spectra and dispersions of ZnO/MgxZn1−xO MQWs

The energy spectra and dispersion relations of carriers in the presence of an electric field applied along the growth direction in ZnO/Mg_xZn_1−xO multiple quantum wells (MQW) are calculated using the asymptotic transfer method (ATM) on the basis of the quasistationary state approximation. The energy spectra of the carriers induce some quasi-bound levels under electric fields. The dispersion relations for the energy of the ground state and lower excitation states still have parabolic shapes for both the electrons and the heavy holes in the presence of a moderate electric field. Our results also reveal that the number of energy levels increases with increasing number of ZnO quantum wells and that the energies increase with both increasing Mg composition x and electric field strength.     

A completely iterative method for the infinite domain electrostatic problem with nonlinear dielectric media

We present an iterative method for the solution of the exterior all-space electrostatic problem for nonlinear dielectric media. The electric potential is specified on interior boundaries and the electric field decays at infinity. Our approach uses a natural variational formulation based on the total energy of the nonlinear dielectric medium subject to boundary conditions. The problem is decomposed into an exterior calculation and an interior calculation with the boundary-specified electric potentials imposed as constraints between them. Together, these enable an iterative method that is based on the variational formulation. In contrast to direct solution of the electrostatic problems, we avoid the construction, storage and solution of dense and large linear systems. This provides important advantages for multiphysics problems that couple the linear electrostatic Poisson problem to nonlinear physics: the latter necessarily involves iterative approaches, and our approach replaces a large number of direct solves for the electrostatics with an iterative algorithm that can be coupled to the iterations of the nonlinear problem. We present examples applying the method to inhomogeneous, anisotropic nonlinear dielectrics. A key advantage of our variational formulation is that we require only the free-space, isotropic, homogeneous Greens function for all these settings.     

The dispersion relations for surface plasmon in a nonlinear-metal-nonlinear dielectric structure

In the asymmetric and symmetric nonlinear-metal-nonlinear dielectric structures, this paper studies the analytic dispersion relation for surface plasmon in a system consisting of a thin metallic film covered on two sides media of intensity-dependent refractive indexes by applying a generalised first integral approach. Especially in the symmetric waveguide structure, two possible modes can exist: the odd mode and the even mode. The dispersion relations of the two modes are obtained. Due to the nonlinear dielectric, the squared magnitude of the electric field at the interface appears and alters the dispersion relations. Numerical results are compared to those from a certain approximate treatment.