类球状微米金刚石聚晶膜场发射的稳定性

在覆盖金属钛层的陶瓷上,利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)法制备出类球状微米金刚石聚晶膜。通过二极管结构测试了聚晶膜的场致电子发射特性,利用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、XRD分析了场发射前后薄膜的结构和表面形貌的变化。发现在高场、大电流密度的场发射中,对类球状微米金刚石聚晶薄膜中的金刚石聚晶颗粒影响很小,而对金刚石聚晶颗粒间的非晶碳层影响很大。对类球状微米金刚石聚晶变化机理进行了研究。     

沉积时间对球状微米金刚石聚晶结构的生长及其场发射特性影响

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积法,在覆盖金属钛层的陶瓷衬底上,通过改变沉积时间制备出不同结构的类球状微米金刚石聚晶碳膜.通过扫描电子显微镜、喇曼光谱、X射线衍射谱对碳膜进行了分析测试,并研究了不同沉积时间下沉积的类球状微米金刚石聚晶薄膜的场致电子发射特性,结果显示:不同的沉积时间所制备的碳膜形貌有很大变化,场致电子发射的...     

激光刻蚀类球状微米金刚石聚晶薄膜对场致电子发射稳定性的影响

在覆盖金属钛层的陶瓷上,通过微波等离子体化学气相沉积(MPCVD)法制备出类球状微米金刚石聚晶薄膜,并通过激光刻蚀金刚石聚晶薄膜的表面.利用扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱,X射线衍射分析了刻蚀前后的结构和表面形貌,测试了刻蚀前后薄膜的场致电子发射特性,发现激光的刻蚀对金刚石聚晶薄膜场致电子发射的稳定性有一定的提高,并对其制备过程及发射机理进行了研究.     

沉积时间对球状微米金刚石聚晶结构的生长及其场发射特性影响

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积法,在覆盖金属钛层的陶瓷衬底上,通过改变沉积时间制备出不同结构的类球状微米金刚石聚晶碳膜.通过扫描电子显微镜、喇曼光谱、X射线衍射谱对碳膜进行了分析测试,并研究了不同沉积时间下沉积的类球状微米金刚石聚晶薄膜的场致电子发射特性.结果显示:不同的沉积时间所制备的碳膜形貌有很大变化,场致电子发射的效果也有很大不同,从而得出了场增强因子的降低和导电通道的增长是场发射效果变差的主要原因.     

氮离子注入对类球状微米金刚石聚晶膜的影响

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积法,在覆盖金属钛层的陶瓷衬底上制备出类球状微米金刚石聚晶膜,后对膜的表面进行氮离子的注入.通过扫描电子显微镜、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射谱及二级结构场发射测试,对膜进行了注入前后的分析.氮离子注入后场致电子发射的效果变强,这可能是氮离子的注入增加了类球状微米金刚石聚晶膜表面的缺陷度,从而增加了价带和导带间的缺陷能级,使电子更容易跃迁到高能级上,提高了场致电子的发射效果.     

类金刚石和碳氮薄膜的电化学沉积及其场发射性能研究

利用电化学方法在室温下成功地沉积了类金刚石(DLC)薄膜和非晶CN_x薄膜，并 对制备条件进行了讨论.通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱技术，分析了薄膜的表面形貌和化学结合状态.场发射测量结果表明：DLC膜和非晶CN_x的开启场分别为88和 10V/μm；并且在23V/μm的电场下，DLC膜和非晶CN_x膜的发射电流密度分别达到10 和037mA/cm². 关键词： 电化学沉积 类金刚石薄膜 x薄膜')" href="#">CN_x薄膜 场致电子发射     

金刚石基底上氮化硼薄膜的场发射特性研究

 利用射频磁控溅射方法,在金刚石膜上沉积了氮化硼薄膜。红外光谱分析表明,氮化硼薄膜的结构为六角氮化硼。在超高真空系统中测量了样品的场发射特性,沉积在金刚石膜上的氮化硼薄膜的阈值电场为12 V/μm,最大发射电流密度为272 μA/cm²。并且沉积在金刚石膜上的氮化硼薄膜的场发射特性明显优于金刚石薄膜本身的场发射特性。这说明,氮化硼薄膜可以有效地改善金刚石膜的场发射特性。场发射Fowler-Nordheim（F-N）曲线表明,电子发射是通过遂穿表面势垒完成的。     

激光晶化形成纳米硅材料的场电子发射性质研究

利用KrF准分子激光退火超薄非晶硅膜,并结合热退火技术制备了单层纳米硅薄膜并研究了薄膜的场电子发射性质.在晶化形成的纳米硅薄膜中可以观测到稳定的场电子发射现象,其开启电场从原始淀积的非晶硅薄膜的17V/μm降低到8.5V/μm,而场发射电流密度可以达到0.1mA/cm².激光晶化后形成的纳米硅材料的场电子发射特性的改善可以从薄膜表面形貌的改变以及高密度纳米硅的形成所导致的内部电场增强作用来解释. 关键词： 纳米硅 场发射 激光晶化     

非晶金刚石薄膜的场致电子发射性能研究

利用真空磁过滤弧沉积技术制备出一种高sp³含量的非晶碳膜———非晶金刚石薄膜，并对这种非晶金刚石薄膜的场电子发射特性及其发射机理进行了研究．实验结果表明，在阈值电场低于20V/μm情况下，得到的场发射电流达20—40μA，薄膜的电子发射行为符合Fowler-Nordheim场发射理论．研究表明，这种非晶金刚石薄膜具有负的电子亲合势和较小的有效功函数以及相对较低的禁带宽度 关键词：     

白碳纳米晶薄膜及其场致电子发射特性

利用微波等离子体化学气相沉积方法,以甲烷、氢混合气体为反应气体,具有钛镀层的玻璃作为衬底,制备了具有sp¹杂化结构的白碳纳米晶薄膜。利用X射线衍射、俄歇电子能谱,以及扫描电子显微镜对薄膜结构进行了表征。以白碳纳米晶薄膜为阴极,以镀有ITO透明导电薄膜玻璃为阳极,采用二极管结构,测试了白碳纳米晶薄膜的场致电子发射特性。开启电场为2.5 V/μm,在电场为5 V/μm时的电流密度为200μA/cm²。对白碳纳米晶薄膜生长机理,以及其场致电子发射机制进行了讨论。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.