共线型声光可调谐滤波器非互易效应研究

通过创建超声频率与衍射效率的动态方程,分析了声光器件在不同射频驱动频率下衍射效率的分布情况,并给出相应表达式.提出了在100 MHz射频处也存在与高于1 GHz处类似非互易现象.进一步通过比例系数δF/ΔF的引入,在此基础上分别利用波长532 nm和632.8 nm激光器,在二氧化碲晶体中进行非互易效应实验.实验得到传输带宽改变达到总衍射带宽的50%～60%,与理论计算值基本吻合.研究结果表明,实际中可将非互易效应大规模应用于包括定向耦合器（光路由器）在内的光电器件的开发.     

声光调Q衍射效率对脉宽压缩的影响研究

通过对衍射效率和反转粒子数密度的关系，反转粒子数密度和脉冲宽度的关系的分析，得出当通过提高泵浦速率来压缩脉宽时，衍射效率必须与泵浦速率和重复频率相匹配.并提出了匹配条件，从匹配条件出发又得到了衍射效率与泵浦速率和重复频率的匹配关系式.关系式中的衍射效率即为能够有效地压缩脉宽的最小衍射效率.实验结果与理论分析符合较好.     

声光效应实验研究

介绍声光效应的最新理论进展。采用光栅假设，对各向同性介质中的声光效应作了简要讨论，导出了第m级衍射光的衍射效率公式。研究和介绍一种新的声光效应实验装置。在实验中，应用线阵CCD光强分布测量仪等，通过改变超声波的频率和功率，分别实现了对激光束方向的控制和强度的调制；定量给出了声光偏转量的关系曲线和声光调制测量的关系曲线。实验表明，在布喇格衍射下，通过固定超声波功率，测量衍射光相对于零级衍射光的相对光强与超声波频率的关系曲线，不仅可以计算声速，还可以确定声光器件的带宽和中心频率。     

Duffing振子型结构声系统中声能量非互易传递的建模和实验研究

声能量非互易传递机理及声非互易系统构建是近年来声学领域的研究热点.本文开展了由非线性薄膜和两个不同尺寸声腔组成的实验系统中声能量非互易传递的实验研究.该系统利用简化为Duffing振子的薄膜频响函数的不对称性,实现了声能量的非互易传递.采用复化平均法获得系统频响函数的渐近解,理论计算结果与实验测量结果吻合.理论计算和实验结果表明:该系统理论上存在最大9.1倍的非互易量,实验测得的最大非互易量为4.3倍,归一化跳变区频率带宽为0.56.研究结果揭示了实验系统中声能量非互易传递机理,为实现空气介质声系统中声能量的非对称传递提供了一种新方法.     

关于非同向二氧化碲声光可调谐滤波器的实验研究

介绍了一种具有大光入射角度的非共线TeO2声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)的结构和特点,并对实验样品的特性进行了测量。实验结果表明,该器件在100nm的可调谐范围内有效衍射效率可以达到96%,带宽小于2nm,试验结果与理论值一致。这种AOTF将用于动态光分插复用器(OADM),在未来光网络系统中起到重要作用。     

压电换能器等效模型分析与阻抗匹配设计

声光可调滤光器(Acousto-optic tunable filter,AOTF)的衍射效率不仅与功率信号源的质量、声光晶体氧化碲(TeO_2)的切型有关,而且压电超声换能器的结构以及其阻抗匹配网络也对AOTF的衍射效率有很大影响。本文对X切型铌酸锂(LiNbO_3,LN)四层镀膜压电超声换能器的等效模型进行了分析,确定了声光介质存在时换能器的阻抗特性,利用射频微波仿真软件,设计了电感-电容复合匹配网络。将换能器压合在TeO_2上,用复色光作为光源进行了声光衍射实验,经仿真与实验验证表明,该匹配电路可以有效的改善压电换能器的阻抗特性,提高换能器带宽,提高能量传输效率,AOTF衍射效率最高可达92.67%。     

旋光性非共线型AOTF温漂及波长修正策略

现有声光可调谐滤光器(AOTF)调谐关系大多忽略旋光性影响,忽略旋光性将影响声光滤波器的准确设计,并会进一步影响其滤波性能,故推导了旋光率与衍射波长之间的关系,进而得到考虑旋光性的AOTF衍射频率-波长调谐关系;针对AOTF衍射波长在不同温度下存在温漂,因此影响AOTF的光谱分辨率,从温度影响超声声速出发,分析得到AOTF衍射波长在不同温度下与驱动频率的关系,提出在不同温度下采用频率修正的方式跟踪衍射波长。根据考虑旋光性推导所得AOTF调谐关系、考虑到实时跟踪温度、频繁变换驱动频率容易对系统造成破环,影响使用效率,因此采用10 ℃为一个温度段,在一个温度段内根据中间温度使用一个驱动频率对AOTF进行调控,每一温度段有相应的驱动频率-衍射波长对应关系,叙述了具体的实现办法,并做了相应的实验验证。实验表明,通过频率修正之后在相应温度下得到的衍射波长,与普通室温未修正频率下得到的衍射波长相比,前者与目标波长更相近,误差减小一个数量级。为AOTF在不同温度下的高精度光谱测量提供了重要的依据,具有重要的实用价值。     

萨格纳克型的光纤振动传感器

研制了一种探针型的萨格纳克型光纤振动传感器,利用贝塞尔函数递推公式推导了振幅的测量算法。传感器使用980nm激光通过掺饵光纤泵浦出的1550nm的宽光谱光源,利用振动源在光纤环中产生的非互易相位调制,在输出端获得干涉信号。利用传感器对频率为8.1kHz到11.3kHz的振源进行了测量,实验数据与仿真分析一致,频率测量误差不超过0.6%,振幅测量数据的离散程度较小。     

声光偏转效应在相干光检测的应用

为使现代电子侦察技术能适应信号密集、宽频谱、大动态的电磁环境, 提出了一种基于声光偏转器实现相关光信号处理的方法, 分析了射频信号频率变化与布拉格衍射角的关系, 讨论了声光偏转效应对信号频率的空间滤波特性; 在理论分析的基础上, 构建了在可见光范围内实现声光偏转的相干光信号探测的实验系统, 并通过计算机仿真对比, 验证了这种方法的可行性。实验表明, 采用波长为630 nm的单频激光, 带宽为200 MHz的声光偏转器, 其频率分辨率优于1 MHz, 频率信号的空间分离效果明显, 接收灵敏度和信噪比得到改善。     

全固态准连续TEM00模Nd:YVO4/LBO绿光激光器

通过带光纤耦合的激光二极管模块端面泵浦低掺杂浓度的Nd:YVO4晶体,实现高转换效率的TEM00模准连续绿光激光器。实验采用平平对称腔型设计,高衍射效率声光调Q开关,LBO临界相位匹配腔内倍频,在注入功率30W,重复频率20KHz的条件下,获得平均功率为9.6W的532nm激光输出,实际光-光转换效率达到33.4%,相应的1064nm基频光平均输出功率为11.8W, 实际倍频效率为89.8%。同时,测得532nm绿光的M2因子为1.09,脉冲宽度为28ns。文中还对影响绿光光束质量和转换效率的因素进行了分析。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.