Magnetic field aligned orderly arrangement of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles in CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 membranes

The CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 nanocomposite membranes with chainlike arrangement of Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles are prepared by a magnetic-field-assisted solution casting method. The aim of this work is to investigate the relationship between the microstructure of the magnetic anisotropic CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 membrane and the evolved macroscopic physicochemical property. With the same doping content, the relative crystallinity of CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4-M is lower than that of CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4.The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-TR) measurements indicate that there is no chemical bonding between polymer molecule and Fe_3O_4 nanoparticle. The Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles in CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 and CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4-M are wrapped by the chains of CS/PVA, which is also confirmed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and x-ray diffraction(XRD)analysis. The saturation magnetization value of CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4-M obviously increases compared with that of non-magnetic aligned membrane, meanwhile the transmittance decreases in the UV-visible region. The o-Ps lifetime distribution provides information about the free-volume nanoholes present in the amorphous region. It is suggested that the microstructure of CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 membrane can be modified in its curing process under a magnetic field, which could affect the magnetic properties and the transmittance of nanocomposite membrane. In brief, a full understanding of the relationship between the microstructure and the macroscopic property of CS/PVA/Fe_3O_4 nanocomposite plays a vital role in exploring and designing the novel multifunctional materials.     

Enhanced hyperthermia performance in hard-soft magnetic mixed Zn0.5CoxFe2.5−xO4/SiO2 composite magnetic nanoparticles

High quality Zn0.5CoxFe2.5?xO4(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.15)serial magnetic nanoparticles with single cubic structures were prepared by the modified thermal decomposition method,and Zn0.5CoxFe2.5?xO4/SiO2 composite magnetic nanoparticles were prepared by surface modification of SiO2.The magnetic anisotropy of the sample increases with the increase of the doping amount of Co2+.When the doping amount is 0.1,the sample shows the transition from superparamagnetism to ferrimagnetism at room temperature.In the Zn0.5CoxFe2.5?xO4/SiO2 serial samples,the maximum value of specific loss power(SLP)with 1974 W/gmetal can also be found at doping amount of x=0.1.The composite nanoparticles are expected to be an excellent candidate for clinical magnetic hyperthermia.     

Controllable Synthesis and Magnetic Properties of Monodisperse Fe_3O_4 Nanoparticles

Magnetite(Fe_3O_4) nanoparticles with different sizes and shapes are synthesized by the thermal decomposition method.Two approaches,non-injection one-pot and hot-injection methods,are designed to investigate the growth mechanism in detail.It is found that the size and shape of nanoparticles are determined by adjusting the precursor concentration and duration time,which can be well explained by the mechanism based on the LaMer modei in our synthetic system.The monodisperse Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles have a mean diameter from 5nm to 16 nm,and shape evolution from spherical to triangular and cubic.The magnetic properties are size-dependent,and Fe_3O_4nanoparticles in small size about 5nm exhibit superparamagnetic properties at room temperature and maximum saturation magnetization approaches to 78 emu/g,whereas Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles develop ferromagnetic properties when the diameter increases to about 16 nm.     

Novel Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites:High-efficiency and magnetic recyclable catalysts for organic dye degradation

A facile step-by-step approach is developed for synthesizing the high-efficiency and magnetic recyclable Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites.This method involves coating Fe_2O_3 nanorods with a uniform silica layer,reduction in 10%H_2/Ar atmosphere to transform the Fe_2O_3 into magnetic Fe_3O_4,and finally depositing Ag@Ni core-shell nanoparticles on the L-lysine modified surface of Fe_3O_4@SiO_2 nanorods.The fabricated nanocomposites are further characterized by x-ray diffraction,transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscope,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy.The Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag@Ni trepang-like nanocomposites exhibit remarkably higher catalytic efficiency than monometallic Fe_3O_4@SiO_2@Ag nanocomposites toward the degradation of Rhodamine B(RhB) at room temperature,and maintain superior catalytic activity even after six cycles.In addition,these samples could be easily separated from the catalytic system by an external magnet and reused,which shows great potential applications in treating waste water.     

Synthesis and microwave absorption properties of graphene-oxide(GO)/polyaniline nanocomposite with Fe3O4 particles

In order to investigate the impedance matching properties of microwave absorbers,the ternary nanocomposites of GO/PANI/Fe₃O₄（GPF） are prepared via a two-step method,GO/PANI composites are synthesized by dilute polymerization in the presence of aniline monomer and GO,and GO/PANI/Fe₃O₄ is prepared via a co-precipitation method.The obtained nanocomposites are characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,X-ray diffraction（XRD）,and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FTIR）,respectively.The microwave absorbability reveals enhanced microwave absorption properties compared with GO,PANI,and GO/PANI.The maximum reflection loss of GO/PANI/Fe₃O₄ is up to-27 dB at 14 GHz with its thickness being 2 mm,and its absorption bandwidths exceeding-10 dB are more than 11.2 GHz with its thickness values being in the range from 1.5 mm-4 mm.It provides that GO/PANI/Fe₃O₄ can be used as an attractive candidate for microwave absorbers.     

Effects of dipolar interactions on the magnetic hyperthermia of Zn0.3Fe2.7O4 nanoparticles with different sizes

Tumor-targeted magnetic hyperthermia has recently attracted much attention.Magnetic nanoparticles(NPs) are heat mediator nanoprobes in magnetic hyperthermia for cancer treatment.In this paper,single cubic spinel structural Zn_0.3Fe_2.7O₄ magnetic NPs with sizes of 14 nm-20 nm were synthesized,followed by coating with SiO₂ shell.The SLP value of Zn_0.3Fe_2.7O₄/SiO₂ NPs below 20 nm changes non-monotonically with the concentration of solution under the alternating current(AC) magnetic field of 430 kHz and 27 kA/m.SLP values of all Zn_0.3Fe_2.7O₄/SiO₂ NPs appear a peak value with change of solution concentration.The solution concentrations with optimal SLP value decrease with increasing magnetic core size.This work can give guidance to the better prediction and control of the magnetic hyperthermia performance of materials in clinical applications.     

Electrical and magnetic properties of polyaniline/Fe3O4 nanostructures

We report on electrical and magnetic properties of polyaniline (PANI) nanotubes (150 nm in diameter) and PANI/Fe₃O₄ nanowires (140 nm in diameter) containing Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles with a typical size of 12 nm. These systems were prepared by a template-free method. The conductivity of the nanostructures is 10⁻¹–10⁻² S/cm; and the temperature dependent resistivity follows a ln ρT^−1/2 law. The composites (6 and 20 wt% of Fe₃O₄) show a large negative magnetoresistance compared with that of pure PANI nanotubes and a considerably lower saturated magnetization (M_s=3.45 emu/g at 300 K and 4.21 emu/g at 4 K) compared with the values measured from bulk magnetite (M_s=84 emu/g) and pure Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (M_s=65 emu/g). AC magnetic susceptibility was also measured. It is found that the peak position of the AC susceptibility of the nanocomposites shifts to a higher temperature (>245 K) compared with that of pure Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (190–200 K). These results suggest that interactions between the polymer matrix and nanoparticles take place in these nanocomposites.     

窄缝中气泡在磁性液体中的上升与变形

对窄缝中气泡在磁性液体中的上升与变形进行了可视化研究。定性分析了纳米磁性颗粒引发的黏度效应及表面活性剂分子依附作用对气泡上升速度与形状的影响。试验工质为体积浓度6.33%的水基Fe_3O_4磁性液体,同时对比了质量浓度25%的四甲基氢氧化铵水溶液、质量分数30%和50%的蔗糖溶液以及水中气泡的上升运动。窄缝间隙分别为1 mm和2 mm,气泡由底部不同直径的圆孔产生。试验结果表明:由于活性剂分子的存在,磁性液体气泡上升过程中由扁椭圆形渐转变为上圆下平的冠状,而其略大于水的黏度使气泡在1 mm窄缝中保持直线上升运动,但窄缝间隙增大到2 mm后,磁性液体中气泡的运动轨迹仍会发生振荡。     

Field-variable magnetic domain characterization of individual 10 nm Fe_3O_4 nanoparticles

The local detection of magnetic domains of isolated 10 nm Fe_3O_4 magnetic nanoparticles(MNPs) has been achieved by field-variable magnetic force microscopy(MFM) with high spatial resolution.The domain configuration of an individual MNP shows a typical dipolar response.The magnetization reversal of MNP domains is governed by a coherent rotation mechanism, which is consistent with the theoretical results given by micromagnetic calculations.Present results suggest that the field-variable MFM has great potential in providing nanoscale magnetic information on magnetic nanostructures,such as nanoparticles, nanodots, skyrmions, and vortices, with high spatial resolution.This is crucial for the development and application of magnetic nanostructures and devices.     

有机盐制备的Fe3O4-葡聚糖纳米粒子的磁性能及表征

利用葡糖酸铁(C12H22FeO14·2H2O)和柠檬酸铁(C6H5O7Fe·5H2O)参与的化学共沉积法制备出单分散核心氧化铁的平均粒径为4.1nm,葡聚糖厚度约为11nm,总体平均粒径为26nm的Fe3O4葡聚糖复合纳米粒子.研究结果表明,复合粒子Fe3O4葡聚糖具有超顺磁性.制备过程中没有N2保护,得到的Fe3O4无机粒子的晶体结构几乎没有发生变化,证明了有机盐的抗氧化性,合成的Fe3O4葡聚糖复合纳米粒子具有较好的磁性能.其在室温下(300K)的饱和磁化强度为52emu/g,低温下(5K)的饱和磁化强度为63emu/g.并利用TEM、XRD、DLS和VSM(振动样品磁强计)等手段对其粒结构、形态、粒径和磁性能进行了表征.     

Remanence Enhancement Effect in Ni_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Fe_2O_4/Co_(0.8)Fe_(2.2)O_4 Ferrite Multilayer Film

Ni_(0.7)Zn_(0.3)Fe_2O_4/Co_(0.8)Fe_(2.2)O_4(NZFO/CFO) multilayer films are fabricated on Si(100) substrates by the chemical solution deposition method.The microstructure and magnetic properties are systematically investigated.The results of field-emission scanning electronic microscopy show that the grain size of the NZFO/CFO multilayer film is quite uniform and the thickness is about 300 nm.The remanence enhancement effect of the NZFO/CFO multilayer film can be mainly attributed to the exchange coupling interaction between NZFO and CFO ferrite films,which is in favor of the design and fabrication of modern electronic devices.     

Antiferromagnetic versus spin-glass like behavior in MnIn2S4

The low-temperature magnetic properties of MnIn₂S₄ have been studied using AC magnetic susceptibility and magnetization experiments. High-temperature susceptibility fits indicate the presence of antiferromagnetic interactions. Low-field magnetization data show a peak at 5.6±0.1 K, below which strong irreversibility is observed between zero-field-cooled (ZFC) and field-cooled (FC) cycles suggesting that the observed peak corresponds to a spin-glass-like transition instead of the antiferromagnetic one previously reported. Further evidence of this magnetic state comes from AC susceptibility data at different frequencies. The in-phase component χ′(T) exhibits the behavior expected of spin glasses, i.e. a shift of the cusp to higher temperatures for higher frequencies.     

Irreversibility line and anisotropy of magnetic melt textured Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ studied by AC susceptibility

Magnetically melt textured YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ samples have been studied by AC initial susceptibility measurements in the low field limit. The critical dynamic fields h^*_c and the relative position of the irreversibility line and of the critical line show that magnetic melt texturing leads to the creation of strong pinning sites. The anisotropy factor A is in agreement with the value obtained from magnetization under high DC fields. The A values are lower than in single cystals, but in agreement with the important orientation effects introduced by magnetic field texturing. These values also are typical of fabrication techniques involving a melting at some stage.     

Magnetization and demagnetization behaviours of melt-spun Pr12Fe82B6 and Pr8Fe87B5 ribbons

Nanocrystalline Pr_{12}Fe_{82}B_6 and nanocomposite Pr_8Fe_{87}B_5 ribbons have been prepared using a melt spinning technique. Recoil loops have been measured at 20, 200 and 300K. Demagnetization curves are analysed by dividing it into reversible and irreversible portions. High recoil loop susceptibility at low applied field and large reversible change in the demagnetization curve have been found in Pr_8Fe_{87}B_5 ribbons, showing that the reversible behaviours in nanocomposite permanent magnets originate primarily from the magnetically soft phase. The hysteresis in recoil loops found in Pr_8Fe_{87}B_5 ribbons originates from the soft phase α-Fe that suffers a stress.     

Contrasting physical properties of the trilayer nickelates Nd_4Ni_3O_(10) and Nd_4Ni_3O_8

We report the crystal structures and physical properties of trilayer nickelates Nd4Ni3O10and Nd4Ni3O8.Measurements of magnetization and electrical resistivity display contrasting behaviors in the two compounds.Nd4Ni3O10shows a paramagnetic metallic behavior with a metal-to-metal phase transition(T^*)at about 162 K,as revealed by both magnetic susceptibility and resistivity.Further magnetoresistance and Hall coefficient results show a negative magnetoresistance at low temperatures and the carrier type of Nd4Ni3O10is dominated by hole-type charge carriers.The significant enhancement of Hall coefficient and resistivity below T*suggests that effective charge carrier density decreases when cooling through the transition temperature.In contrast,Nd4Ni3O8 shows an insulating behavior.In addition,this compound shows a paramagnetic behavior with the similar magnetic moment as that of Nd4Ni3O10derived from the Curie-Weiss fitting.This may suggest that the magnetic moments in both systems are contributed by Nd^3+ ions.By applying pressures up to about 49 GPa,the insulating behavior is still present and becomes even stronger under a high pressure.Our results suggest that the different Ni configurations(Ni^1+/2+ or Ni^2+/3+)and the changes of coordination environment of Ni sites may account for the contrasting behaviors in trilayer nickelates Nd4Ni3O10and Nd4Ni3O8.     

Anomalous magnetostrictive effects in （La1—xTbx）2／3Sr1／3 MnO3

A series of (La_{1-x}Tb_x)_{2/3}Sr_{1/3}MnO_3 polycrystalline samples has been studied by means of x-ray diffraction, magnetostriction, and thermal expansion measurements. It has been found that this series undergoes a phase transition from a rhombohedral to an orthorhombic form at the doping level x≈0.20 at room temperature accompanied by an anisotropic magnetostriction up to －50×10^{-6} under a magnetic field of 1T. The linear and volume magnetostrictions vary with chemical composition, even change sign. At T=80K, the magnetostrictions for the samples of x=0.20 and 0.40 exhibit different behaviours. The sample of x=0.20 has positive volume and linear magnetostrictions and a negative anisotropic magnetostriction, while the sample of x=0.40 has an opposite behaviour. The magnitude of volume magnetostriction for both the samples is essential (～10^{-4}) at T=80K under a magnetic field of 4T. We conclude that these anomalous effects are due to the charge delocalization and the structural phase transition between orthorhombic and rhombohedral forms induced by the applied magnetic field.     

Temperature behavior of the antiferromagnetic susceptibility of nanoferrihydrite from the measurements of the magnetization curves in fields of up to 250 kOe

The cross-breeding problem of the temperature dependence of the antiferromagnetic susceptibility of ferrihydrite nanoparticles is considered. Iron ions Fe3+ in ferrihydrite are ordered antiferromagnetically; however, the existence of defects on the surface and in the bulk of nanoparticles induces a noncompensated magnetic moment that leads to a typical superparamagnetic behavior of ensemble of the nanoparticles with a characteristic blocking temperature. In an unblocked state, magnetization curves of such objects are described as a superposition of the Langevin function and the linear-in-field contribution of the antiferromagnetic “core” of the nanoparticles. According to many studies of the magnetization curves performed on ferrihydrite (and related ferritin) nanoparticles in fields to 60 kOe, dependence χ_AF(T) decreases as temperature increases, which was related before to the superantiferromagnetism effect. As the magnetic field range increases to 250 kOe, the values of χ_AF obtained from an analysis of the magnetization curves become lower in magnitude; however, the character of the temperature evolution of χ_AF is changed: now, dependence χ_AF(T) is an increasing function. The latter is typical for a system of AF particles with random orientation of the crystallographic axes. To correctly determine the antiferromagnetic susceptibility of AF nanoparticles (at least, ferrihydrite) and to search for effects related to the superantiferromagnetism effect, it is necessary to use in experiments the range of magnetic field significantly higher than that the standard value 60 kOe used in most experiments. The study of the temperature evolution of the magnetization curves shows that the observed crossover is due to the existence of small magnetic moments in the samples.     

Superparamagnetic behavior of La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 nanoparticles prepared via sol-gel method

Magnetic nanoparticles of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ (LSMO) manganite were prepared by sol-gel method. Phase formation and crystal structure of the synthesized powder were examined by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) using the Rietveld analysis. The mean particle size was determined by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Infrared transmission spectroscopy revealed that stretching and bending modes are influenced by calcinations temperature. The temperature dependence of the ac magnetic susceptibility was measured at different frequencies and ac magnetic fields in the selected ranges of 40-1000 Hz and 80-800 A/m, respectively. The temperature dependence of ac susceptibility shows a characteristic maxima corresponding to the blocking temperature near room temperature. The frequency dependence of the blocking temperature is well described by the Vogel-Fulcher law. By fitting the experimental data with this law, the relaxation time τ₀=1.7×10⁻¹² s, characteristic temperature T₀=262±3 K, anisotropy energy E_a/k=684±15 K and effective magnetic anisotropy constant k_eff=2.25×10⁴ erg/cm³ have been obtained. dc Magnetization measurement versus magnetic field shows that some of LSMO nanoparticles are blocked at 293 K. The role of magnetic interparticle interactions on the magnetic behavior is also investigated.     

Oscillation conditions of cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd：YAG laser for transitions 4F3／2-4I9／2 and 4F3／2-4I11／2

The operating condition of a cw simultaneous dual-wavelength Nd:YAG laser for both {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{9/2} (quasi-three-level system) and {}^4F_{3/2}-{}^4I_{11/2}(four-level system) transitions is studied. According to this condition, the cw simultaneous dual-wavelength at 1.06μm and 946 nm in Nd:YAG crystal has been realized experimentally through an adaptive coating design of the cavity mirrors. A total power output of 2.5W of the dual-wavelength at 946nm and 1.06μm has been achieved with an optical conversion efficiency 14.3%. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.     

Fe_3O_4纳米颗粒/聚二甲基硅氧烷复合材料磁电容效应的研究

提出了一种以Fe3O4纳米颗粒和聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)组成的复合材料为介质的平行板磁电容结构,并对其产生的磁电容效应的特点以及影响磁电容效应的因素进行了研究.对不同粒径的Fe3O4纳米颗粒按不同比例与PDMS混合形成的复合材料进行了测试.研究表明,与无磁场情况相比,在外磁场作用下,Fe3O4纳米颗粒/PDMS复合材料的电容值和介电损耗均发生了改变,产生了磁电容效应.由该复合材料磁电容效应所产生的电容变化量随着纳米颗粒混合浓度的增大而增大,并且当纳米颗粒粒径尺寸大于常温超顺磁临界尺寸时,材料的电容变化量随着颗粒尺寸的减小而增大.