绿色荧光粉NaCaPO4：Tb3+的制备与发光特性

采用高温固相法合成了适用于UVLED芯片激发的NaCaPO₄:Tb³⁺绿色荧光粉并对其发光性质进行了研究。该荧光粉的发射峰位于418,440,492,545,586,622nm,分别对应Tb³⁺的⁵D₃→⁷F₅、⁵D₃→⁷F₄、⁵D₄→⁷F₆、⁵D₄→⁷F₅、⁵D₄→⁷F₄、⁵D₄→⁷F₃能级跃迁。其中位于492,545nm的发射峰最强,样品发射很好的绿光。主要激发峰位于380~400nm之间,属于4f→4f电子跃迁吸收,与UVLED芯片的发射相匹配。考察了Tb³⁺掺杂浓度和Li⁺,Na⁺和K⁺作为电荷补偿剂对样品发光性能的影响:Tb³⁺的最佳掺杂浓度为10%,以Li⁺的补偿效果最好。NaCaPO₄:Tb³⁺是一种适用于白光LED的绿色荧光材料。     

Eu3+和Tb3+掺杂硅酸钇纳米粉体的合成与表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法合成了Y₂SiO₅∶Eu和Y₂SiO₅∶Tb纳米粉体,使用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜等对粉体的结构、形貌和发光性能进行了分析,研究了Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺不同浓度掺杂硅酸钇纳米粉体的发光性能。在紫外光激发下,所获得的Y₂SiO₅∶Eu纳米粉体的主发射峰均位于612 nm,对应于Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂跃迁;Y₂SiO₅∶Tb纳米粉体的主发射峰均位于540 nm,对应于Tb³⁺的⁵D₄→⁷F₅跃迁。     

Eu掺杂Si纳米线的光致发光特性

利用Si(111)衬底, 以Au-Al为金属催化剂, 基于固-液-固生长机理, 在温度为1100℃, N₂气流量为1.5 L/min、生长时间为30–90 min等工艺条件下, 制备了直径约为100 nm、长度为数微米的高密度、均匀分布、大面积的Si纳米线(～10¹⁰ cm^-2). 对Si纳米线进行了Eu掺杂, 实验研究了不同长度的Si纳米线以及不同掺杂温度、掺杂时间等工艺参数对Eu离子红光发射的影响, 利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪对Si纳米线表面形貌和Eu掺杂后Si纳米线的结晶取向进行了测量和表征; 室温下利用Hitachi F-4600型荧光分光光度计对样品的激发光谱和发射光谱进行了测试和分析. 结果表明: 在Si纳米线生长时间为30 min、掺杂温度为1000℃、 最佳激发波长为395 nm时, 样品最强荧光波长为619 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₂); 同时, 还出现了576 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₀), 596 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₁), 658 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₃)和708 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₄)四条谱带.     

近紫外激发具有颜色可调的Er3+/Eu3+共掺BiOCl荧光粉

本文采用固相法在500℃合成了Er³⁺/Eu³⁺共掺BiOCl 荧光粉, 并通过XRD, SEM, 吸收, 激发和发射光谱研究了其结构、形貌和发光特性. XRD 和SEM结果表明在500℃下即可成功合成纯四方相片层结构的Er³⁺/Eu³⁺共掺BiOCl荧光粉. 吸收光谱表明掺杂Er³⁺/Eu³⁺离子使BiOCl形成杂质能级; 激发光谱显示该荧光粉具有来自于基质BiOCl价带(VB)到导带(CB)跃迁的优异宽带近紫外激发特性. 在380 nm近紫外光激发下, 同时获得了Er³⁺离子和Eu³⁺离子的特征发射峰, 其中发光中心位于410 nm (²H_9/2→⁴I_15/2), 525 nm (²H_11/2→⁴I_15/2), 554 nm (⁴S_3/2→⁴I_15/2), 673 nm (⁴F_9/2→⁴I_15/2)的发射峰来自于Er³⁺离子的跃迁, 而581 nm(⁵D₀→⁷F₀), 594 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₁), 622 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₂), 653 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₃), 699 nm (⁵D₀→⁷F₄)的发射峰则来自于Eu³⁺离子的跃迁. 值得注意的是, 与传统Er³⁺/Eu³⁺掺杂的材料不同, 该荧光粉还具有独特高效的紫光(Er³⁺)和长波红光(Eu³⁺)发射特性, 分析表明这与BiOCl的结构有关; 并且通过改变掺杂浓度, 实现了发光颜色由黄绿光→黄光→橙红光的调节. 研究结果表明Er³⁺/Eu³⁺共掺BiOCl荧光粉有望成为一种潜在的近紫外激发白光LED荧光粉.     

LnP5O14晶体中Tb3+和Eu3+的发光光谱特性

本工作测量了室温下TbP₃O₁₄和EuP₅O₁₄晶体的吸收和发射光谱。根据吸收光谱和Judd-Ofelt理论计算了Tb³⁺和Eu³⁺的实验和理论的振子强度。用最小二乘法拟合实验与理论的振子强度得到唯象强度参量Ω_λ。然后计算了Tb³⁺的⁵D₃→⁷F₅,⁵D₄→⁷F₄和⁵D₄→⁷F₆以及Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂,⁵D₀→⁷F₄的跃迁几率和寿命。同时用时间分辨光谱测量了不同温度下相应的荧光辐射寿命。计算与实验结果基本相符。理论和实验的结果表明Tb³⁺的⁵D₃态的寿命主要取决于⁵D₃→⁵D₄和⁷F₆→⁷F₀两能级对之间的电偶极-电偶极交叉弛豫。 关键词：     

Tb3+,Eu3+单掺杂、双掺杂SrSiO3的合成、结构表征与发光性能

采用液相沉淀法合成了铽单掺杂,铕单掺杂,铽、铕双掺杂的硅酸锶发光材料。其结构经X-射线衍射表征。研究了合成样品的激发、发光光谱。研究结果表明:在254nm波长紫外光激发下,SrSiO₃:0.04Eu³⁺的发光光谱中出现4个Eu³⁺的发光峰,分别为Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₁（588、590nm）、⁵D₀→F₂（609nm）、⁵D₀→⁷F₃（626nm）、⁵D₀→⁴F₄（651nm）跃迁峰;SrSiO₃:0.04Tb³⁺的发光光谱中出现4个Tb³⁺的发光峰,分别为Tb³⁺的⁵D4→^F₆（488nm）、⁵D₄→⁷F₅（541、548nm）、⁵D₄→⁷F₄（584nm）跃迁峰;SrSiO₃:0.04Tb³⁺,0.04Eu³⁺发光体系中,Tb³⁺的共掺杂显著增强了Eu³⁺的特征发射,存在Tb³⁺→Eu³⁺的能量传递现象,结果表明有Eu³⁺和Tb³⁺两个发光中心。     

二氧化锆纳米材料中Eu3+的发光特性

研究了掺1mol%Eu³⁺的二氧化锆纳米材料随退火温度变化的发光性质，得到退火温度为600和800℃的样品中Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂发射在604nm处，这种现象不多见. 几种经不同退火温度处理的纳米材料样品在紫外光的照射下，稀土离子Eu³⁺的⁵D₀→⁷F₂发射的发光逐 关键词： 二氧化锆 纳米材料 3+')" href="#">Eu³⁺ 发光     

双掺Eu3+ 和Tb3+ 的下转换β-NaYF4的合成与发光性能

采用高温溶剂热法合成了下转换发光材料NaYF₄∶Eu³⁺ 和NaYF₄∶Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺ ,采用X射线衍射(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)、激发(PLE)谱和光致发光(PL)谱对材料的物相结构、形貌特征和发光性质进行了表征和研究,并分析了其发光原理。结果表明:所合成的NaYF₄∶Eu³⁺ 和NaYF₄∶Eu³⁺,Tb³⁺ 为纯六方相晶体,尺寸在100 nm左右;改变Eu³⁺ 和Tb³⁺ 的掺杂浓度后晶格结构没有发生明显变化,说明Eu³⁺ 和Tb³⁺ 取代的是Y³⁺的晶格位置;在394 nm光的激发下,检测到Eu³⁺ 在⁵D₀→⁷F₁ 和⁵D₀→⁷F₂跃迁处的特征发射光,并且可见光强度随着Eu³⁺ 离子掺杂浓度的变化而变化。另外Tb³⁺ 离子浓度对NaYF₄∶Eu³⁺ 晶体结构产生了一定的影响,说明掺杂Tb³⁺ 离子改变了Eu³⁺ 离子所处的配位环境,导致红色发光带增强,而这主要源于电偶极子跃迁的贡献。     

Y3+和Gd3+对LaBO3:Eu3+发光粉结构和发光性能的影响

采用溶胶凝胶-燃烧法合成了系列不同掺杂浓度Y³⁺和Gd³⁺的LaBO₃∶Eu³⁺发光粉,对其结构、形貌和发光性能进行了表征。XRD研究结果表明：发光粉的结构与基质掺杂离子的种类和掺杂浓度有关系。荧光光谱结果表明：适量比例Y³⁺和Gd³⁺离子掺杂将提高LaBO₃∶Eu³⁺发光粉的发光强度。Y³⁺和Gd³⁺离子最佳掺杂摩尔分数分别为1.5%和12.5%。⁵D₀→⁷F₂与⁵D₀→⁷F₁跃迁发射的相对强度比值说明：掺杂改变LaBO₃∶Eu³⁺中Eu³⁺局域环境的对称性。发光性能改变主要受晶体结构、掺杂离子电负性影响。Gd³⁺离子掺杂更有利于发光粉结构稳定性和发光性能的改善。     

稀土离子(Eu3+,Tb3+,Ce3+)掺杂ZnAl2O4/SiO2微晶玻璃的制备与发光性能

采用凝胶法分别制备出4.5ZnO-5.5Al₂O₃-90SiO₂(ZAS)以及ZAS[DK]:RE³⁺ (RE=Eu,Tb,Ce) 透明微晶玻璃。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和荧光光谱仪(PL)等测试手段,研究了稀土离子掺杂浓度对ZAS微晶玻璃的结构和发光性能的影响。XRD结果表明,ZAS[DK]:RE³⁺ (RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)微晶玻璃包含ZnAl₂O₄晶相和SiO₂非晶相,ZnAl₂O₄平均晶粒尺寸约为30 nm,稀土离子的掺杂没有显著改变原来的ZnAl₂O₄晶体结构。TEM结果表明,900 ℃时ZnAl₂O₄从ZAS体系中析出。PL光谱显示,Eu³⁺ 存在 ⁵D₀→⁷F₂跃迁,ZAS[DK]:Eu³⁺在611 nm 处发出强烈的红色光;由于Tb³⁺ 的⁵D₄→⁷F₅ 跃迁,ZAS[DK]:Tb³⁺在541 nm 处发出明亮的绿色光;ZAS[DK]:Ce³⁺ 在381 nm处显示了蓝光发射,对应于Ce³⁺ 的5d→4f 轨道跃迁。ZAS[DK]:RE³⁺ (RE=Eu, Tb, Ce)的PL发射光谱存在着浓度猝灭现象,Eu³⁺、Tb³⁺ 和Ce³⁺的最佳单掺杂摩尔分数分别为20%、20%和3%。CIE色度图表明,ZAS[DK]: RE³⁺ (RE=Eu,Tb,Ce)的色坐标分别位于红光、绿光和蓝光区域。实验结果表明,ZAS:RE³⁺ (RE=Eu,Tb,Ce) 微晶玻璃是一种良好的可用于全色显示的白光LED材料。     

Growth and optical properties of Yb and Tb codoped BaB2O4 crystals

Optical absorption and luminescence spectra of ytterbium and terbium codoped BaB₂O₄ (β-BBO and α-BBO) crystals grown in different conditions have been studied. Low-temperature absorption peaks were observed in all samples. Features related to rare earth ions were observed in absorption and luminescence spectra. Absorption and emission in the range 860-1000 nm are caused by ²F_5/2↔²F_7/2 transitions in Yb³⁺ ions. Emission peaks at 500, 550, 590 and 630 nm correspond to ⁵D₄→⁷F₆, ⁷F₅, ⁷F₄, and ⁷F₃ transitions of Tb³⁺ ions, respectively. The probable reasons of variations in spectroscopic features related to Yb in BBO host are discussed. It has been shown that the replacement of Ва²⁺ by Yb³⁺ in the lattice of ВаВ₂О₄ results in the decrease in the symmetry of oxygen surrounding of Yb³⁺.     

Excitation and luminescence of rare earth-doped lead phosphate glasses

Excitation and luminescence properties of Eu³⁺, Tb³⁺ and Er³⁺ ions in lead phosphate glasses have been studied. From excitation spectra of Eu³⁺ ions, the electron–phonon coupling strength and phonon energy of the glass host were calculated and compared to that obtained by Raman spectroscopy. Main intense and long-lived luminescence bands are related to the ⁵D₀–⁷F₂ (red) transition of Eu³⁺, the ⁵D₄–⁷F₅ (green) transition of Tb³⁺ and the ⁴I_13/2–⁴I_15/2 (near-infrared) transition of Er³⁺. The critical transfer distances, the donor–acceptor interaction parameters and the energy transfer probabilities were calculated using the fitting of the luminescence decay curves from ⁵D₀ (Eu³⁺), ⁵D₄ (Tb³⁺) and ⁴I_13/2 (Er³⁺) excited states. The energy transfer probabilities for Eu³⁺ (⁵D₀), Tb³⁺ (⁵D₄) and Er³⁺ (⁴I_13/2) are relatively small, which indicates low self-quenching luminescence of rare earth ions in lead phosphate glasses.     

Intramolecular Energy Transfer and Co-luminescence Effect in Rare Earth Ions (La, Y, Gd and Tb) Doped with Eu3+ β-diketone Complexes

In this paper, Eu³⁺ β-diketone Complexes with the two ligands 1-(2-naphthoyl)-3, 3, 3-trifluoroacetonate (TFNB) and 2’2-bipyridine (bpy) have been synthesized. Furthermore, we reported a systematical study of the co-fluorescence effect of Eu(TFNB)₃bpy doped with inert rare earth ions (La³⁺, Gd³⁺ and Y³⁺) and luminescence ion Tb³⁺. The co-luminescence effect can be found by studying the luminescence spectra of the doped complexes, which means that the existence of the other rare earth ions (La³⁺, Y³⁺, Gd³⁺ and Tb³⁺) can enhance the luminescence intensity of the central Eu³⁺, which may be due to the intramolecular energy transfer between rare earth ions and Eu³⁺. The efficient intramolecular energy transfer in all the complexes mainly occurs between the ligand TFNB and the central Eu³⁺. Full characterization and detail studies of luminescence properties of all these synthesized materials were investigated in relation to co-fluorescence effect between the central Eu³⁺ and other inert ions. Further investigation into the luminescence properties of all the complexes show that the characteristic luminescence of the corresponding Eu³⁺ through the intramolecular energy transfers from the ligand to the central Eu³⁺. Meantime, the differences in luminescence intensity of the ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ transition, in the ⁵D₀ lifetimes and in the ⁵D₀ luminescence quantum efficiency among all the synthesized materials confirm that the doped complex Eu_0.5Tb_0.5(TFNB)₃bpy exhibits higher ⁵D₀ luminescence quantum efficiency and longer lifetime than the pure Eu(TFNB)₃bpy complex and other materials.     

Preparation and photoluminescent properties of doped nanoparticles of ZnS by solid-state reaction

Nanometer-sized Eu³⁺-doped ZnS and Mn²⁺-doped ZnS particles were prepared by solid-state method at low temperature. The structures and properties of those materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and photoluminescent spectroscopy techniques. The XRD patterns reveal that the doped ZnS nanoparticles belong to zinc-blende structure. The concentration of doping ions has little effect on the sizes of the doped ZnS nanoparticles, which mainly depends on the temperature of preparation. The emission peaks from the ⁵D₀→⁷F_J (J=1, 2, and 4) electronic energy transitions of Eu³⁺ were observed in the emission spectra of the ZnS:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles. The intensity ratio of the two peaks from the ⁵D₀→⁷F₁ and ⁵D₀→⁷F₂ transitions indicates that more Eu³⁺ ions occupy the sites with no inversion symmetry. For the ZnS:Mn²⁺ nanoparticles, an orange emission from the ⁴T₁→⁶A₁ transition of Mn²⁺ is present, indicating that the doping ions occupy the positions of the ZnS lattices. Meanwhile, UV-induced luminescence enhancement was observed for the ZnS:Mn²⁺ nanoparticles, the possible reason of which is discussed primarily.     

A-site and B-site substitutions and the emission properties of Eu3+ ions in ABO3 –type cubic perovskite: A case study of BaZrO3

The emission properties of the rare earth (RE) elements have been found to be sensitive to the local lattice environment around them, and could be employed for probing the local lattice environment. Because each constituent ion of a material should have its own particular structural environment, the emission profiles in RE elements depend strongly on the doping sites of RE elements inside the host crystals. We investigated the emission properties of the Eu³⁺ ion doped BaZrO₃ (BaZrO₃:Eu) with doping site dependence (A-site vs. B-site), as well as ambient dependence in the post-annealing process. The site-selective doping was identified from the Rietveld refinement analysis on the XRD patterns of our BaZrO₃:Eu samples. Photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation measurements showed that the emission properties of the samples with the Eu³⁺ ions substituted at Zr sites revealed much greater emission properties than those at the Ba sites. This behavior was found to accord with the change in intensity ratio of ⁵D₀ → ⁷F_0,2 to ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ in Eu ions, which should be a measure of the local lattice asymmetry around the Eu ions. We also found that with post-annealing in H₂ atmosphere, the emission intensities of the Eu ions increased significantly, while with post-annealing in O₂ atmosphere, they were suppressed. Our findings indicated that the cation/oxygen vacancies could change the local lattice environment around the Eu ions, as well as the valence states of Eu ions, depending on the doping site in the cubic perovskite.     

Rare-Earth Doped Sol-Gel Silicate Glasses for Scintillator Applications

Radio-, photo- and thermally stimulated—luminescence (RL, PL, TSL) measurements have been performed on SiO₂ sol-gel glasses doped by 0.1 mol% Ce and 3 mol% Gd, and on (0.1 mol% Ce, 3 mol% Gd) co-doped samples. Ce^3? 5d-4f emission peaking at about 2.7 eV has been observed in the RL of SiO₂: 0.1 mol% Ce, while the typical ⁶P-⁸S emission of Gd^3? centred at 3.97 eV has been detected in SiO₂: 3 mol% Gd. The co-doped sample displays both 5d-4f Ce^3? and ⁶P-⁸S Gd^3? emissions with reduced intensities with respect to those observed in the singly doped glasses. Moreover, in co-doped glasses the PL time decay patterns of both rare earth ions show a non exponential dependence and are significantly shortened. To explain such an effect non radiative de-excitation of both RE ions excited states involving energy transfers to defect levels is suggested. Bidirectional Gd^3? ? Ce^3? energy transfers could also occur. Complementary TSL measurements put in evidence the existence of broad glow peaks at about 100 K and 220 K. The TSL spectra feature the RE ions emissions.     

SrB4 O7 : Eu磷光粉的制备及其发光性能

采用高温固相法合成了SrB₄O₇ : Eu荧光粉,并研究了不同原料、掺杂浓度、煅烧温度等因素对其发光性能的影响。发射光谱测试结果表明:SrB₄O₇ : Eu荧光粉的最佳Eu掺杂浓度为2%左右,进一步增大掺杂浓度会导致浓度猝灭。煅烧温度对基质组成影响较大,随着温度的升高,基质中BO₄四面体所占比例增大,有利于Eu³⁺离子的还原。以水合硼酸锶为原料制得样品的发光强度高于以SrCO₃和H₃BO₃为原料制得样品的发光强度。     

Photoactive thin films of polycaprolactam doped with europium (III) complex using phenylalanine as ligand

A photoactive complex based on europium(III) using the amino acid phenylalanine as ligand was prepared and characterized. The obtained europium(III)/phenylalanine complex presents an effective energy transfer from ligands to the rare earth center. The observed photoluminescent behavior for europium(III)/phenylalanine complex was similar to the well known europium(III)/ acetyl-β-acetonate hydrate. New photoactive polyamide thin films were prepared using polycaprolactam as host of these complexes. The structural characterizations of the films were studied through Rutherford backscattering (RBS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopies. The polyamide films doped with the amino acid and acetyl-β-acetonate rare earth complexes maintain the original photoluminescent behavior, narrow emission bands corresponding to transitions ⁵D₀ → ⁷F_0-4, which indicates that this polymer is an excellent host to these complexes.     

Cooperative absorption in Eu2O2S

Lines due to cooperative optical absorption of Eu³⁺ have been observed in the luminescence excitation spectra for Eu₂O₂S at 75 K. A pair of Eu³⁺ ions are simultaneously excited by one photon to the ⁵D_J and ⁷F'_J states from the ground state ⁷F₀. Estimated oscillator strengths of the pair absorption are of the order of 10^-9, and are much larger than those in other rare earth compounds reported elsewhere. Multipolar interaction between Eu³⁺ ions cannot explain such a large oscillator strength. Hole-exchange through the charge transfer state, or a super-exchange mechanism, gives a reasonable order of the pair absorption strength in Eu₂O₂S.     

Facile synthesis and luminescence properties of uniform and monodisperse KY3F10:Ln3+ (Ln=Eu,Ce, Tb) nanospheres

Highly uniform and monodisperse KY₃F₁₀:Ln³⁺ (Ln=Eu, Ce, Tb) nanospheres, with an average diameter of 300 nm, have been successfully prepared through a simple template-free and surfactant-free stirring method under ambient conditions. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectra were used to characterize the samples. The SEM images illustrate that these spheres were actually composed of randomly aggregated nanoparticles. The doped rare earth ions show their characteristic emission in the KY₃F₁₀ samples, i.e., Eu^{3+ 5}D₀–⁷F_J (J=1, 2, 3, 4), Tb^{3+ 5}D₄–⁷F_J (J=6, 5, 4, 3, 2) and Ce³⁺ 5d–4f transition emissions, respectively. An energy transfer phenomenon from Ce³⁺ to Tb³⁺ has been observed in KY₃F₁₀ nanospheres, and the energy transfer efficiency depends on the doping concentration of Tb³⁺ if the concentration of Ce³⁺ is fixed.