Complex Behavior in a Selective Aging Neuron Model Based on Small World Networks

Complex behavior in a selective aging simple neuron model based on small world networks is investigated. The basic elements of the model are endowed with the main features of a neuron function. The structure of the selective aging neuron model is discussed. We also give some properties of the new network and find that the neuron model displays a power-law behavior. If the brain network is small world-like network, the mean avalanche size is almost the same unless the aging parameter is big enough.     

Self-organized Criticality in Hierarchical Brain Network

It is shown that the cortical brain network of the macaque displays a hierarchically clustered organization and the neuron network shows small-world properties. Now the two factors will be considered in our model and the dynamical behavior of the model will be studied. We study the characters of the model and find that the distribution of avalanche size of the model follows power-law behavior.     

Modeling Topology and Nonlinear Dynamical Behavior of the Weighted Scale-Free Networks

An improved weighted scale-free network, which has two evolution mechanisms： topological growth and strength dynamics, has been introduced. The topology structure of the model will be explored in details in this work. The evolution driven mechanism of Olami-Feder Christensen （OFC） model is added to our model to study the self-organlzed criticality and the dynamical behavior. We also.consider attack mechanism and the study of the model with attack is also investigated in this paper. We tlnd there are differences between the model with attack and without attack.     

Realization of Vertex Operators of 7-Twisted Affine Lie Algebra sl（3,C）[θ]

In this paper, we construct a new algebra structure 7-twisted atone Lie algebra sl（3,C）[θ] and study its vertex operator representations.     

Self-organized Critical Model Based on Complex Brain Networks with Hierarchical Organization

The dynamical behavior in the cortical brain network of macaque is studied by modelling each cortical area with a subnetwork of interacting excitable neurons. We find that the avalanche of our model on different levels exhibits power-law. Furthermore the power-law exponent of the distribution and the average avalanche Size are affected by the topology of the network.     

Critical Behaviors in a Stochastic Local Limited One-Dimensional Rice-Pile Model

A stochastic local limited one-dimensional rice-pile model is numerically investigated. The distributions for avalanche sizes have a clear power-law behavior and it displays a simple finite size scaling. We obtain the avalanche exponents Ts= 1.54±0.10,βs = 2.17±0.10 and TT = 1.80±0.10, βT =1.46 ± 0.10. This self-organized critical model belongs to the same universality class with the Oslo rice-pile model studied by K. Christensen et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 77 （1996） 107], a rice-pile model studied by L.A.N. Amaral et al. [Phys. Rev. E 54 （1996） 4512], and a simple deterministic self-organized critical model studied by M.S. Vieira [Phys. Rev. E 61 （2000） 6056].     

Influence of Selective Edge Removal and Refractory Period in a Self-Organized Critical Neuron Model

A simple model for a set of integrate-and-fire neurons based on the weighted network is introduced. By considering the neurobiological phenomenon in brain development and the difference of the synaptic strength, we construct weighted networks develop with link additions and followed by selective edge removal. The network exhibits the small-world and scale-free properties with high network efficiency. The model displays an avalanche activity on a power-law distribution. We investigate the effect of selective edge removal and the neuron refractory period on the self-organized criticality of the system.     

Criticality in Two-Variable Earthquake Model on a Random Graph

A two-variable earthquake model on a quenched random graph is established here. It can be seen as a generalization of the OFC models. We numerically study the critical behavior of the model when the system is nonconservative： the result indicates that the model exhibits self-organized criticality deep within the nonconservative regime. The probability distribution for avalanche size obeys finite size scaling. We compare our mode/with the mode/ introduced by Stefano Lise and Maya Paczuski [Phys. Rev. Lett. 88 （2002） 228301], it is proved that they are not in the same universality class.     

On two-point boundary correlations of the gl（1｜1） supersymmetric vertex model

The gl（1｜1） supersymmetric vertex model with domain wall boundary conditions （DWBC） on an N ×N square lattice is considered. We obtain the reduction formulae for the two-point boundary correlation functions of the model.     

P-Twisted Affine Lie Algebras and Their Associated Vertex Algebras

For any finite-dimensional semisimple Lie algebra g, a Z＋-graded vertex algebra is construsted on the vacuum representation Vk（g[θ]of g[θ]）,which is a one-dimentionM central extension of 8-invariant subspace on the loop algebra Lg=g C（（t^1/p））.     

Effects of Vertex Activity and Self-organized Criticality Behavior on a Weighted Evolving Network

Effects of vertex activity have been analyzed on a weighted evolving network. The network is characterized by the probability distribution of vertex strength, each edge weight and evolution of the strength of vertices with different vertex activities. The model exhibits self-organized criticality behavior. The probability distribution of avalanche size for different network sizes is also shown. In addition, there is a power law relation between the size and the duration of an avalanche and the average of avalanche size has been studied for different vertex activities.     

Decay vertex reconstruction and 3-dimensional lifetime determination at BESⅢ

This paper focuses mainly on the vertex reconstruction of resonance particles with a relatively long lifetime such as Ks^0, A, as well as on lifetime measurements using a 3-dimensional fit. The kinematic constraints between the production and decay vertices and the decay vertex fitting algorithm based on the least squares method are both presented. Reconstruction efficiencies including experimental resolutions are discussed. The results and systematic errors are calculated based on a Monte Carlo simulation.     

Rigorous spectral representation of relativistic random phase approximation for finite nuclei

By using the rigorous spectral representation of relativistic random phase approximation, the low-lying excitation of finite nuclei and its longitudinal response function for quasielastic electron scattering are calculated in the σ-ω model of quantum hadrodynamics. It is shown that the reproduction of the correct order of the 1- and 3- excitation states of 16O is due to the contribution of the exchange vertex. There is no significant influence of the retardation effect on the low-lying excitation states. In contrast, the retardation effect plays an important role in the electron scattering process of nuclei. The theoretical longitudinal responses of 12C and 40Ca, including the contributions of the exchange vertex and the retardation effect, are suppressed and reproduce the experimental data better than the results excluding them.     

Primary vertex reconstruction based on the Kalman filter technique at BESⅢ

Primary vertex reconstruction is crucial to estimate the beam profile in collision experiments. We study the principle of an iterative process, called the Kalman filter method, and apply it to primary vertex reconstruction at BESⅢ. A Newton procedure to find the zero point of the distance function＇s gradient is used for primary vertex finding in 3-dimensional space. Results are obtained based on raw data at BESⅢ.     

Coupling Vertex of the Pomeron to Nucleon in QCD

The coupling vertex of the Pomeron to nucleon is derived from QCD. A γμ coupling vertex and coupling strength of β＝ 6.0 GeV-1, which has been used commonly as a free parameter in literature, are obtained. The result leads a support to the belief that the Pomeron could be a tensor glueball ξ(2230) with quantum numbers of IGJPC ＝ 0+2++ in nature.     

Gluonic Origin and Glueball Nature of Pomeron

The Pomeron-nucleon coupling vertex is theoretically derived from the fundamental theory of strong interaction QCD. The empirical vertex βγ^μF1 （t） used commonly in diffractive processes with a coupling strength β = 6.0 GeV^-1 is initially obtained from QCD theoretically. Our study not only reproduces the Pomeron-nucleon coupling from QCD but also clearly shows the gluonlc origin and glueball nature of Pomeron, which is a longstanding puzzle. From this investigation, we claim that Pomeron can be regarded as a Reggeized tensor glueball ζ（2230） with quantum numbers of I^GJ^PC = 0＋2＋＋. Since the tensor glueball ζ（2230） lies on the Pomeron trajectory αp（t = Mζ^2） = 2, the longstanding puzzle that no physical particle lies on the Pomeron trajectory, αp（t） = 1.08 ＋ 0.20 GeV^-2 .t, seems to be solved.     

Pomeron-Quark Coupling from Charge Conjugation Invariance

Based on the charge conjugation invariance and the vazuum property of the Pomeron, we point out that the commonly used vector vertex of the Pomeron coupling to quarkis incorrect since it contradicts with the Pomeron property. We also claim that the soft Pomeron could be a tensor glueball ξ（2230） with quantum numbers I^GJ^PC = 0^＋2^＋＋ and total decay width Гtot ≌ 100 MeV, which lies on the soft Pomeron trajectory αp = 1.08＋ 0.20t. Therefore, the coupling vertex of the soft Pomeron to quark should be tensorial which is invariant under the charge conjugation and can explaIn why the inadequate vector coupling, γ^μ, of the soft Pomeron to quark is successful in dealing with Pomeron physics.     

Remarks on interpretations of the Eotvos experiment and misinterpretation of E=mc^2

The Eotvos experiment on the verification of equivalence between inertial mass and gravitational mass of a body is famous for its accuracy. A question is, however, can these experimental results be applied to the case of a physical space in general relativity, where the space coordinates could be arbitrary？ It is pointed out that it can be validly applied because it has been proven that Einstein＇s equivalence principle for a physical space must have a frame of reference with the Euclidean-like structure. Will claimed further that such an overall accuracy can be translated into an accuracy of the equivalence between inertial mass and each type of energy. It is shown that, according to general relativity, such a claim is incorrect. The root of this problem is due to an inadequate understanding of special relativity that produced the famous equation E=mc^2, which must be understood in terms of energy conservation. Concurrently, it is pointed out that this error is a problem in Will＇s book, ‘Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics＇.     

Entropy of Quantum Dynamical Systems and Sufficient Families in Orthomodular Lattices with Bayessian State

The purpose of the present paper is to study the entropy hs（Ф） of a quantum dynamical systems Ф = （ L, s, Ф）, where s is a bayessian state on an orthomodular lattice L. Having introduced the notion of entropy hs（ Ф, A） of partition A of a Boolean algebra B with respect to a state s and a state preserving homomorphism Ф, we prove a few results on that, define the entropy of a dynamical system hs（Ф）, and show its invariance. The concept of sufficient families is also given and we establish that hs （Ф） comes out to be equal to the supremum of hs （Ф,A）, where A varies over any sufficient family. The present theory has then been extended to the quantum dynamical system （ L, s, Ф）, which as an effect of the theory of commutators and Bell inequalities can equivalently be replaced by the dynamical system （B, s0, Ф）, where B is a Boolean algebra and so is a state on B.     

Status and accuracy of the Monte Carlo generators for luminosity measurements

The status and accuracy of the precision Monte Carlo generators used for luminosity measurements at flavour factories is reviewed. It is shown that, thanks to a considerable, long-term effort in tuned comparisons between the predictions of independent programs, as well as in the validation of the generators against the presently available calculations of the next-to-next-to-leading order QED corrections to Bhabha scattering, the theoretical accuracy reached by the most precise tools is of about one per mille. This error estimate is valid for realistic experimental cuts, appears to be quite robust and is already sufficient for very accurate luminosity measurements. However, recent progress and possible advances to further improve it are also discussed.