某型内转子光电雷达稳定平台的模态分析与优化

为了更好地设计某型内转子光电雷达稳定平台,运用Pro-E软件对其进行了三维实体建模,合理简化后,进入Ansys软件建立有限元模型.应用有限元理论和Ansys软件对该平台进行了模态分析,得到稳定平台前八阶模态的固有频率和振型.其中对比了不同网格、不同材料产生的不同模态,对同类分析提供了参考,也为此稳定平台的设计优化提供了...     

考虑结合部特征的?150 mm口径反射镜模型修正

针对?150 mm口径反射镜受结合部的非线性因素影响导致结构分析模型精度较差的问题,提出了线性的动力学等效建模与参数修正方法。首先,在实际装配和约束环境下测试并获得了反射镜结构的试验模态参数。然后,根据界面结合部的动力学特征,对反射镜结构按照镜框固定连接模型、镜面螺钉夹持模型以及间隙等效模型进行了等效建模。最后,以试验模态参数为修正目标,采用优化方法对反射镜结构的动力学等效模型进行了参数修正,并采用模型分层和分步修正的思路,依据结合部特征将修正模型细分为两部分,提高模型参数的修正效率。结果表明,参数修正后的固有频率平均误差为1.5%,模态置信度均大于0.8,提升了反射镜结构的动力学模型精度,验证了线性化等效建模方法的正确性。     

Modelling the spindle–holder taper joint in machine tools: A tapered zero-thickness finite element method

This study presents a tapered zero-thickness finite element model together with its parameter identification method for modelling the spindle–holder taper joint in machine tools. In the presented model, the spindle and the holder are modelled as solid elements and the taper joint is modelled as a tapered zero-thickness finite element with stiffness and damping but without mass or thickness. The proposed model considers not only the coupling of adjacent degrees of freedom but also the radial, tangential and axial effects of the spindle–holder taper joint. Based on the inverse relationship between the dynamic matrix and frequency response function matrix of a multi-degree-of-freedom system, this study proposes a combined analytical–experimental method to identify the stiffness matrix and damping coefficient of the proposed tapered zero-thickness finite element. The method extracts those parameters from FRFs of an entire specimen that contains only the spindle–holder taper joint. The simulated FRF obtained from the proposed model matches the experimental FRF quite well, which indicates that the presented method provides high accuracy and is easy to implement in modelling the spindle–holder taper joint.     

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A finite element model of the toroida field (TF) coil and gravity support system is established at first by taking its cyclic symmetry condition into account. The first ten order natural frequencies and their corresponding modal vectors of the system are calculated then by using the ANSYS software. Based on these modal information and the spectrum analysis method, the displacement response distribution of the TF system is obtained finally by using the standard seismic spectrum given in ITER EDA report. Furthermore, the feasibility of the numerical model is validated by comparing its results with those of a simplified model of single degree of freedom.     

Vibration of large turbo-rotors in fluid-film bearings on an elastic foundation

In the first sections of this paper the flexible rotating shaft of a turbo-rotor is treated by finite element analysis. Internal and external damping, gyroscopic forces, fluid-film forces, aerodynamic cross-coupling from steam flow and magnetic pull are taken into account. Although some hundred degrees of freedom have to be introduced to describe a realistic turbo-rotor, computational effort can be enormously reduced by making use of the banded structure of the system matrices.In the second part foundation dynamics are introduced into the rotor equations via a receptance formulation. The receptance matrices of the foundation or supporting systems can be obtained either from shaker tests or from the mode analysis of the foundation without shaft. Numerical examples are given.     

同轴脉冲形成线的运输振动环境适应性研究

为了准确评估某MV级Tesla型脉冲功率源的运输振动环境适应性水平,针对脉冲功率源中采用悬臂绝缘支撑结构的同轴脉冲形成线,通过仿真和试验结合的方法开展研究。针对叠层结构式内外磁芯,提出一种通过结构元胞等效材料参数和坐标变换的等效建模方法进行有限元建模,通过模态试验修正有限元模型,首次对比研究了绝缘油对形成线的模态频率和阻尼的影响,仿真分析了形成线车载运输典型工况的应力及响应,设计实施了大尺寸形成线等效件振动试验进行验证。通过振动试验发现了形成线结构存在非线性,通过仿真分析和等效件试验验证,同轴脉冲形成线现有结构设计基本满足车载运输振动环境适应性要求。     

A new iterative model updating method using incomplete frequency response function data

A new iterative model updating method is proposed for reduced model using incomplete frequency response function (FRF) data. It uses a modified difference vector between the analytical and experimental FRF data to construct a linear sensitivity updating equation system. To improve the convergence performance of the proposed algorithm, a concept of pseudo master degree-of-freedom (DOF) is put forward and the finite element (FE) model is reduced to the measured and user selected pseudo DOFs. The FRFs at pseudo master DOFs are estimated using the impedance matrix of iteratively modified analytical model and the measured FRFs at master DOFs. They are only used to improve the sensitivity matrix and difference calculation between the analytical and experimental FRF data without introducing additional difference equation. At the end, a 25 truss structure is used to evaluate the performance of the proposed method.     

Robust vibration control based on identified models

In active vibration control, model accuracy of a vibration field is crucial to the stability and performance of closed-loop systems, especially multiple-input–multiple-output feedback control systems. A state-space model is popular for the design of vibration controllers. Its accuracy may be affected by mode truncation, errors in eigenfunctions for a modal model or errors in mass/stiffness coefficients of finite elements for a finite element model. There are few analytical results on controller stability margins with respect to these errors. This paper proposes a controller based on transfer matrices identified from the measurement data, on the ground that the accuracy of transfer matrices is manageable by identification algorithms. The proposed controller is able to introduce active damping to vibration fields. An analytical link is available between the stability margin and identification errors for the proposed controller. These are important features analyzed theoretically and verified numerically and experimentally here.     

An approach for including the stiffness and damping of elastohydrodynamic point contacts in deep groove ball bearing equilibrium models

This work presents a methodology for including the Elastohydrodynamic (EHD) film effects to a lateral vibration model of a deep groove ball bearing by using a novel approximation for the EHD contacts by a set of equivalent nonlinear spring and viscous damper. The fitting of the equivalent contact model used the results of a transient multi-level finite difference EHD algorithm to adjust the dynamic parameters. The comparison between the approximated model and the finite difference simulated results showed a suitable representation of the stationary and dynamic contact behaviors. The linear damping hypothesis could be shown as a rough representation of the actual hysteretic behavior of the EHD contact. Nevertheless, the overall accuracy of the model was not impaired by the use of such approximation. Further on, the inclusion of the equivalent EHD contact model is equated for both the restoring and the dissipative components of the bearing?s lateral dynamics. The derived model was used to investigate the effects of the rolling element bearing lubrication on the vibration response of a rotor?s lumped parameter model. The fluid film stiffening effect, previously only observable by experimentation, could be quantified using the proposed model, as well as the portion of the bearing damping provided by the EHD fluid film. Results from a laboratory rotor–bearing test rig were used to indirectly validate the proposed contact approximation. A finite element model of the rotor accounting for the lubricated bearing formulation adequately portrayed the frequency content of the bearing orbits observed on the test rig.     

A curved ultrasonic actuator optimized for spherical motors: Design and experiments

Multi-degree-of-freedom angular actuators are commonly used in numerous mechatronic areas such as omnidirectional robots, robot articulations or inertially stabilized platforms. The conventional method to design these devices consists in placing multiple actuators in parallel or series using gimbals which are bulky and difficult to miniaturize. Motors using a spherical rotor are interesting for miniature multidegree-of-freedom actuators. In this paper, a new actuator is proposed. It is based on a curved piezoelectric element which has its inner contact surface adapted to the diameter of the rotor. This adaptation allows to build spherical motors with a fully constrained rotor and without a need for additional guiding system. The work presents a design methodology based on modal finite element analysis. A methodology for mode selection is proposed and a sensitivity analysis of the final geometry to uncertainties and added masses is discussed. Finally, experimental results that validate the actuator concept on a single degree-of-freedom ultrasonic motor set-up are presented.     

FEM Modal Analysis on the Gravity Support System of ITER

The three-dimensional finite element method model with 20 degree sector of the ITER overall gravity support system was built by the ANSYS software. The modal analysis of the gravity support system was made and first ten natural frequencies and vibration modes of the gravity support system were calculated by using Block Lanczos method. The results of modal analysis on ITER represent that the stiffness of flexible plates has influenced greatly for the natural frequency of the system.     

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为考察ITER真空室中子屏蔽结构组件对选址地法国Cadarache地震加速度频谱的单点响应情况,根据ITER真空室中子屏蔽组件的设计概念和结构特点,建立了组件结构的有限元分析模型。应用有限元分析软件ANSYS对组件进行了结构模态分析,并基于其结果进行了模态叠加。分析发现,组件结构的低阶振型与高阶振型有差异,且结构与低阶频率发生响应,但引起的位移与应力在允许的范围之内。结果表明,装配体结构更能适应结构抗震性的设计要求。仿真计算的结果为组件结构的优化设计和下一步的工程实现提供了可靠的依据。     

ITER聚变装置重力支撑有限元模态分析

运用有限元分析软件ANSYS建立了ITER装置重力支撑结构环向20°的三维有限元模型,采用子空间法对ITER重力支撑结构系统进行了有限元模态分析,求出了重力支撑系统的前10阶固有频率和振型,并对振型特点进行了分析。     

数控裁剪机切割刀壳体振动噪声预测分析*

高频往复式切割刀是柔性材料数控裁剪机的核心部件。该文对切割刀壳体的振动噪声改进措施进行研究。首先对切割刀进行刚体动力学分析,获取其所受动载荷情况,并通过数值计算验证了切割刀刚体动力学模型的可靠性。其次,基于有限元法获取切割刀壳体模态特性,并通过锤击激振实验验证了有限元模型的准确性。然后基于模态仿真结果进行谐响应分析,将计算得到的频域动载荷施加至切割刀壳体各螺栓固定处,获取结构加速度响应频谱,结合振动响应结果,对壳体进行声固耦合分析,并进行实验对比,验证了分析方法的准确性。最后,计算不同的阻尼措施对壳体噪声辐射的影响,为切割刀的减振降噪提供参考。     

高能光源束流位置探测器支撑架结构优化设计

从热稳定性和振动稳定性两个角度出发,优化设计得到了超高稳定的刚性支撑架结构;通过ANSYS有限元模态分析,验证了结构的热膨胀变化量和特征频率;采用混凝土二次灌浆方法对支撑架进行地面固定和特征频率测试,结果表明,支撑架结构的特征频率达到61.9 Hz、振动幅值小于30 nm,均满足设计要求。最后采用动态刚度测试方法,得到混凝土二次灌浆层的主要刚度值,进一步验证支撑架结构优化结果的准确性。     

基于ANSYS提取单相单向换能器耦合模参数

基于有限元理论,给出了基于ANSYS提取单相单向换能器（Single Phase Unidirectional Transducers,SPUDT）耦合模参数的方法。首先,结合声表面波在压电介质中的传播原理,给出了压电有限元分析方程和对应的ANSYS分析步骤。然后针对SPUDT结构,给出了周期性近似分析的理论模型,利用耦合场分析对其进行模态分析和谐响应分析,最后结合两者的结果来计算SPUDT的耦合模参数。本文给出基底材料为压电晶体128°YX-LiNbO₃和YZ-LiNbO₃,电极材料为铝的三种不同SPUDT的计算结果,理论结果与Hashimoto和Hartmann文献报道的结果相吻合,并且和实验测试的结果基本一致。从而给出了提取SPUDT耦合模参数的一种通用、有效的方法。     

EAST真空隔断结构设计与热力耦合分析

介绍了真空隔断的结构设计,并利用ANSYS分析软件建立了真空隔断的三维有限元模型,对其进行热力耦合分析,计算得到了结构在正常和故障状态下的温度分布和热应力。通过对计算结果的分析,验证了真空隔断结构设计的合理性,为其进一步的优化奠定基础。     

光机靶室钢混结构基于动刚度等效的简化建模

钢混结构分离式有限元建模方法由于考虑了钢筋的实际分布,其计算精度较高,但建模过程复杂繁琐。开展了基于动刚度等效的钢混结构简化建模研究,该方法将钢筋和混凝土考虑为一种等效材料。研究中首先以典型钢混组合结构为例,以等效模型与分离式模型的模态特性等效为目标,建立了分部件的动刚度等效模型,然后将各部件等效模型组合成整体结构等效模型,数值仿真结果显示在相同载荷作用下,整体参考模型与整体等效模型的响应分布非常接近,而等效模型的规模远小于参考模型,说明了该等效建模方式的有效性。进一步将该等效建模方法应用于神光Ⅲ主机靶室钢混结构的动力学分析中,并计算了该巨型光机结构等效模型在实测基础加速度激励下的随机振动响应,靶球上各方向的响应实测结果与计算结果较为吻合。所采用的动刚度等效建模方法可应用在巨型光机结构动力学稳定性的进一步研究中。     

基于流固耦合的油底壳振动噪声预测分析

为了对油底壳的改进方案进行噪声预测,首先建立油底壳的流固耦合有限元模型,进行耦合模态计算,获得其固有频率和振型,通过模态试验验证了耦合有限元模型的准确性;其次,在发动机工作过程中,通过试验测得油底壳各螺栓固定处的振动加速度;再次,基于模态结果,在油底壳各螺栓固定处施加测试的振动加速度,采用有限元的分析方法对油底壳进行了强迫振动计算和辐射噪声计算,并进行了试验对比,结果表明该方法可用于发动机开发试验确认阶段,对油底壳改进方案进行振动噪声的预测,减小开发风险;最后,对含油量多少对辐射噪声的影响进行了对比分析。     

加速度场下陀螺光纤环形变的影响分析

通过航天器大机动时直线加速场下陀螺光纤环的有限元分析,得出光纤环在加速场下的形变机理。基于各向异性复合材料理论,采用细观力学有限元方法,对光纤环代表性体积单元施加周期边界条件,分析得出光纤环的等效材料参数。再利用有限元程序ANSYS建立光纤环组件的空间有限元模型,施加加速度场,并建立接触单元分析形变过程中的结构接触耦合影响。分析结果表明:在加速场的作用下,光纤环形变的主要原因包括光纤环组件中的U型槽和顶盖形变后与光纤环的接触耦合作用,以及U型槽和顶盖结构的形变引起光纤环和光纤环本体结构的形变。