数控裁剪机切割刀壳体振动噪声预测分析*

高频往复式切割刀是柔性材料数控裁剪机的核心部件。该文对切割刀壳体的振动噪声改进措施进行研究。首先对切割刀进行刚体动力学分析,获取其所受动载荷情况,并通过数值计算验证了切割刀刚体动力学模型的可靠性。其次,基于有限元法获取切割刀壳体模态特性,并通过锤击激振实验验证了有限元模型的准确性。然后基于模态仿真结果进行谐响应分析,将计算得到的频域动载荷施加至切割刀壳体各螺栓固定处,获取结构加速度响应频谱,结合振动响应结果,对壳体进行声固耦合分析,并进行实验对比,验证了分析方法的准确性。最后,计算不同的阻尼措施对壳体噪声辐射的影响,为切割刀的减振降噪提供参考。

Prediction and Analysis of Vibration and Noise of Cutting Cutter Shell of CNC Cutting Machine

The high-frequency reciprocating cutting knife was considered as the core component of the CNC cutting machine for flexible materials. Took the vibration and noise improvement measures of the cutting knife shell as the research objective, this paper firstly conducted a rigid body dynamics analysis on the cutting knife and obtained its dynamic load, and then verified the reliability of the rigid body dynamic model of the cutting knife through numerical calculation. Secondly, based on the finite element method, it obtained the modal characteristics of the cutter shell, and verified the accuracy of the finite element model through the hammer excitation test. Thirdly, based on the harmonic response analysis of the modal simulation results, it applied the calculated dynamic load in the frequency domain to the bolts of the cutter shell to obtain the structure acceleration response spectrum. Through combining the results of the vibration response analysis and carrying out an acoustic-structure coupling analysis on the shell, and the experiment was compared to verify the accuracy of the analysis method; finally, the impact of different damping measures on the noise radiation of the shell was calculated, which provided a reference for the vibration and noise reduction of the cutting knife.