热处理中Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3薄膜的电学性能变化和应力弛豫

我们用脉冲激光法在(001)LaAlO3衬底上制备了Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3薄膜,在900℃的空气中进行后退火处理,研究了退火前后薄膜的电磁性能和晶格结构变化.随着温度降低原位生长薄膜在低温段电阻率迅速上升,表现为绝缘体性质.磁化强度-温度曲线表明薄膜具有顺磁-铁磁-反铁磁的相变,并且存在相分离现象.相比之下,退火后薄膜随着温度降低只出现了顺磁绝缘体-铁磁金属相变,在低温区域一直表现为铁磁金属性.x光衍射实验发现退火使得薄膜在垂直于衬底表面方向的晶格伸长量明显减小,表明退火过程中发生了应力弛豫.为了搞清楚后退火中氧含量和应力弛豫的不同作用,我们进行了(110)SrTiO3衬底上Pr0.5Sr0.5MnO3薄膜的后退火对比实验,结果表明退火中的应力弛豫是导致退火前后薄膜电磁性质差异的主要原因.     

双层锰氧化物薄膜的制备及其物理性质

用脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法成功地制备了双层钙钛矿结构的La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7(x=032)单相薄膜.这种薄膜生长在具有不同晶格参数的两种衬底上.测量发现，两种衬底上生长的La2-2xSr1+2xMn2O7(x=032)薄膜具有迥然不同的金属-绝缘体转变温度TM-I及其他物性.界面应力的研究表明这是衬底晶格常数不同引起膜内应变的结果.在衬底的压应力下，薄膜的电阻-温度曲线的峰值(TM-I)向高温移动且电阻率(ρ)下降；相反，对于衬底张应力下的薄膜，TM-I下降ρ上升.这些结果可以用双交换模型做很好的解释. 关键词： CMR 双层锰氧化物薄膜 PLD 应力     

高质量镍基超晶格薄膜的制备及表征

自发现镍基超导薄膜之后, 镍基材料体系已成为当前人们的研究热点. 而在相关报道中, 普遍认为高质量的镍基超导前驱体薄膜的制备对其拓扑还原后超导电性的实现具有重要影响. 前期研究表明高质量的前驱体薄膜只生长在SrTiO3 衬底附近, 这与我们的实验结果一致. 为了可控制备高质量的镍基超导前驱体薄膜, 本文利用脉冲激光沉积(PLD) 技术在SrTiO3 (001) 衬底上生长不同厚度的可层选择性还原的[SrTiO3 ]m/[ Nd0 .8Sr0 .2 NiO3 ]n[(STO)m/(NSNO)n ]超晶格薄膜. 采用反射高能电子衍射仪(RHEED) 及透射电子显微镜(STEM) 和 X 射线衍射(XRD) 技术对超晶格薄膜的结构进行原位检测及结构表征, 然后利用综合物性测量系统(PPMS) 测试薄膜的电磁输运性质. 结果表明, 超晶格薄膜的结构质量良好, 超晶格薄膜和高质量单层前驱体薄膜表现出类似的电阻和磁阻现象. 该研究为后续镍基超导薄膜的可重复制备提供了重要的参考.     

La0.67Ca0.33MnO3/NdGaO3(001)薄膜中外延应变诱导的各向异性磁阻效应

本文使用脉冲激光沉积方法在正交的NdGaO3(001)衬底上外延生长了La0.67Cao.33MnO3薄膜.退火后,由于外延应变引起薄膜正交畸变增强,薄膜在低于250K的整个温度区间都出现了铁磁金属态和反铁磁绝缘态的相分离和相竞争.这两相的竞争强烈依赖于磁场相对晶轴的方向,由此导致存在于很宽温度范围内的低场各向异性磁阻...     

衬底温度对化学气相淀积原位生长YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)超导薄膜的影响

利用金属有机物化学气相淀积(MOCVD)技术在氧化钇稳定的 ZrO_2(YSZ)衬底上一次生长出零电阻温度大于85K 的 YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)(YBCO)超导薄膜.研究了衬底温度对薄膜结构的影响,获得薄膜取向与衬底温度的关系和形成超导相的最低温度范围.此外,讨论了薄膜与衬底间的外延关系.     

亚稳态fcc-Mn薄膜的生长及其同步辐射光电子能谱研究

报道亚稳态fcc-Mn薄膜在衬底温度为400K的GaAs(001)表面成功外延的结果.进而利用同步辐射光电子能谱研究该fcc-Mn薄膜随厚度变化的过程.从实验上得到fcc-Mn占有态的电子态密度分布,比较分析亚稳态的fcc-Mn相与热力学稳定的a-Mn相之间电子结构的显著差别,并给出可能的机制. 关键词：     

Si衬底上磁控溅射法生长MgO薄膜

我们用射频磁控溅射方法,在Si(100)单晶衬底上生长MgO薄膜,借助X射线衍射(XRD)分析发现,我们获得了两种不同晶体结构的MgO薄膜,分别是常规的晶格常数为0.421nm的MgO薄膜和晶格常数为0.812nm的新结构的MgO薄膜.我们研究了溅射气压、衬底温度等工艺参数对两种晶体结构择取的影响.实验表明,高的溅射气压和高的衬底温度有利于晶格常数为0.812nm的新结构的MgO相的形成.在高的气压和温度下,我们制备出了晶格常数为0.812nm,具有很好的4次对称性的MgO外延薄膜.利用原子力显微镜(AFM)研究了这种薄膜的表面形貌.     

氧气氛退火对La0.7Sr0.3MnO3薄膜结构及性能的影响

利用磁控溅射方法,在(100)Si、LaAlO_3(LAO)和SrTiO_3(STO)衬底上制备得到了La_(0.7)Sr_(0.3)MnO_3(LSMO)薄膜,通过X射线衍射仪、原子力显微镜以及磁性测量系统研究了不同温度氧气氛下的后续退火对LSMO薄膜结构及磁学性能的影响.结果表明随着退火温度的升高,LAO和STO衬底上的LSMO薄膜氧含量逐渐增加,Mn4 /Mn3 的比值逐渐趋向于3∶7,表现为面外晶格常数逐渐减少,饱和磁化强度及居里温度都有明显提高,而矫顽力则有所降低;拉曼散射实验结果更直观的给出了退火后LSMO晶格有序性的增加和Jahn-Teller畸变的减弱;而Si单晶上的LSMO薄膜在高温下由于与衬底发生了复杂的化学反应而导致相结构发生改变.     

厚度依赖的La_(0.33)Pr_(0.34)Ca_(0.33)MnO_3的磁学性质北大核心CSCD

采用激光脉冲沉积(PLD)方法,在LaAlO3(001)衬底上外延生长了不同厚度的La0.33Pr0.34Ca0.33MnO3薄膜,并研究了薄膜晶格常数及居里温度随薄膜厚度的变化行为.XRD表征结果表明,随着薄膜厚度的增加,LPCMO的c轴长度逐渐减小,反映了衬底对薄膜的应力作用.薄膜磁矩随温度变化的测量结果说明,随着薄膜厚度的减小,TC及TB向低温移动,反映了薄膜厚度或者衬底应力作用对LPCMO磁性的直接影响.     

生长在Cd(0001)和Bi(111)上的二氰基蒽分子薄膜的对比

分子与衬底之间的相互作用在有机薄膜的生长过程中起着非常重要的作用.对于金属衬底和半金属衬底来说,由于不同的电子结构,二者与分子薄膜之间的相互作用会有明显的差异.本文利用扫描隧道显微镜对比研究了二氰基蒽(DCA)分子在金属衬底Cd(0001)和半金属衬底Bi(111)上的薄膜生长.实验发现,在Cd(0001)衬底上,低温沉积的DCA薄膜表现出三维生长模式,而室温沉积的DCA薄膜表现出二维生长模式.特别是DCA分子单层具有斜方对称的4×(13)(¹/2)公度结构,表明DCA与Cd(0001)之间存在较强的相互作用.与此形成鲜明对比的是,在半金属Bi(111)衬底上,低温沉积的DCA薄膜表现出二维生长模式,在分子单层中有莫尔条纹出现,表明DCA单层是一种非公度结构, DCA与Bi(111)之间的相互作用较弱.通过上述的对比研究可以看出,衬底材料的电子结构和沉积温度均可影响DCA分子薄膜的结构和生长模式.     

Structural and electrical characterisation of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3 thin films grown by pulsed laser deposition

Thin films of perovskite manganite, with nominal composition La_0.5Ca_0.5MnO₃, have been prepared by pulsed laser deposition on (1 0 0) SrTiO₃, (1 0 0) LaAlO₃, (1 0 0) Si and YSZ/CeO₂-buffered (1 0 0) Si substrates. Structural and electrical characterisation was performed on the films. The magneto-transport properties of all the thin films depart from the bulk behaviour. The LCMO film grown on buffered Si shows an insulator–metallic transition around 130–150 K while the one deposited directly on Si displayed a similar behaviour under a melting field of 1 T. However, that transition is absent in the films grown on LAO and STO. We suggest that appropriate stress values induced by the substrate favour the formation of metallic percolative paths.     

Orientation-dependent ferroelectricity of strained PbTiO3 films

PbTiO₃ is a simple but very important ferroelectric oxide that has been extensively studied and widely used in various technological applications. However, most previous studies and applications were based on the bulk material or the conventional [001]-orientated films. There are few studies on PbTiO₃ films grown along other crystalline axes. In this study, a first-principles calculation was performed to compute the polarization of PbTiO₃ films strained by SrTiO₃ and LaAlO₃ substrates. Our results show that the polarization of PbTiO₃ films strongly depends on the growth orientation as well as the monoclinic angles. Further, it is suggested that the ferroelectricity of PbTiO₃ mainly depends on the tetragonality of the lattice, instead of the simple strain.     

Stability and electronic structure studies of LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3 (110) heterostructures

The first-principles calculations are employed to investigate the stability, magnetic, and electrical properties of the oxide heterostructure of LaAlO3/SrTiO3(110). By comparing their interface energies, it is obtained that the buckled interface is more stable than the abrupt interface. This result is consistent with experimental observation. At the interface of LaAlO3/SrTiO3(110) heterostructure, the Ti–O octahedron distortions cause the Ti t2 gorbitals to split into the twofold degenerate dxz/dyz and nondegenerate dxy orbitals. The former has higher energy than the latter. The partly filled two-fold degenerate t2 gorbitals are the origin of two-dimensional electron gas, which is confined at the interface. Lattice mismatch between LaAlO3 and SrTiO3leads to ferroelectric-like lattice distortions at the interface, and this is the origin of spin-splitting of Ti 3d electrons. Hence the magnetism appears at the interface of LaAlO3/SrTiO3(110).     

高质量FeSe单晶薄膜的制备及相关性能表征

在铁基超导体中,FeSe具有最简单的晶体结构和化学组成,而且其超导转变温度具有较大的调控空间,因此适合作为超导机理研究和应用的载体.高质量样品的研制是物性研究和器件应用的前提,本文系统地研究了利用激光脉冲沉积技术制备FeSe薄膜的工艺条件,在多种衬底上成功地制备出高质量的β-FeSe薄膜,并首次实现了超导临界转变温度从小于2 K到14 K的连续调控,这为FeSe超导机理研究提供了样品支持.为探究FeSe薄膜超导电性变化的起因,从β-FeSe超导电性与晶格常数c正相关出发,基于简单的费米面填充假设,第一性原理计算可以很好地解释晶格常数c的变化规律,但该假设并不能完全符合角分辨光电子能谱实验给出的电子结构演变过程.因此β-FeSe薄膜的超导电性、晶格结构和电子结构三者之间的关系还有待澄清,该问题的解决将为FeSe超导机理研究提供重要的线索,而上述系列高质量的β-FeSe薄膜样品恰好能为该问题的研究提供理想的载体.本文根据实验和已有的相关研究结果,详细介绍了FeSe薄膜的脉冲激光沉积制备及其优化,以期为后续的薄膜研究应用提供参考.     

光电协同增强的场效应对LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3界面中持续光电导的调控

LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3异质结界面体系具有新奇的二维自由电子气现象、暂态光电导效应、持续光电导效应等丰富的光电性质,是近年来科学界研究的热点之一.本文研究了场效应对LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3界面光电导效应的调控,发现光电协同增强的场效应可以使得LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3界面产生显著的持续光电导效应,进一步研究发现:在光电协同效应的影响下,随着负的背栅门电压的增加,持续光电导的数值增大,在-70 V附近达到极值;随着负的背栅门电压处理时间的增加,持续光电导的数值单调增加.LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3异质结中这种场增强的持续光电导效应可为多参数可调的光电子记忆器件的研发提供参考依据.     

PREPARATION OF a-AXIS ORIENTED YBa2Cu3Ox THIN FILMS

The a-axis oriented YBa₂Cu₃O_x(YBCO) thin films could be grown on (100) SrTiO₃(STO) substrates with STO buffer layers by dc and rf magnetron sputtering either by low-ering the deposition temperature, or by using a self-template technique. For the latter, the resistivity of the thin film at 290K along the substrate [001] direction is about four times larger than that in the [010] direction. The zero resistance temperatures T_c0 are 89 K in both directions. So high quality a-axis oriented YBCO thin films can be prepared by the self-template technique. Also the T_c0 increase monotonously with the reduction of the thickness of the YBCO seed layer.     

SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURAL PERFECTION OF EPITAXIAL YBa2Cu3O7-x THIN FILMS

High quality epitaxial YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x thin films have been succcessfully prepared by dc magnetron sputtering deposition, on (100) and (110) aligned SrTiO₃, LaAlO₃ and yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. The films showed zero resistance around 90 K and had a J_c (at 77 K, H=0) over 10⁶A/cm². It was found that superconducting properties and structures of the films were strongly dependent on oxygen pressure and substrate temperature. The epitaxial structure of the films have been studied by X-ray diffraction. Rutherford backscattering and channeling spectroscopy, X-ray double-crystal diffraction and transmission election microscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that the epitaxial YBa₂Cu₃O_7-x films had excellent superconducting properties and quite perfect structure.     

Magnetic properties of oxides and silicon single crystals

The magnetic properties of single crystals Si, SrTiO₃, LaAlO₃, MgO, and (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O₃ were investigated systematically. Three origins of the magnetizations of these crystals, namely, an intrinsic diamagnetic, a paramagnetic, and a ferromagnetic contribution, have been found to influence the magnetic signals measured on the crystals, in some important application scenarios such crystals being served as substrates with the magnetic thin film epitaxially grown on. Quantitative analyses methodologies were developed and thorough investigations were performed on the crystals with the intrinsic materials parameters thus revealed, especially that the intrinsic diamagnetic susceptibility differential dχ_dia/dT were identified quantitatively for the first time in SrTiO₃, LaAlO₃, MgO, and (La,Sr)(Al,Ta)O₃. The paramagnetic contribution is found to be the key in terms of the magnetic properties of the crystals, which in turn is in fact a consequence of the 3d impurities doping inside the crystal. All the intrinsic materials parameters are given in this paper as datasets, the datasets are openly available at https://www.doi.org/10.57760/sciencedb.j00113.00028.     

Silver addition in thick films of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 perovskite

Thick films of La_2/3Ca_1/3MnO₃ with 10 wt% of silver are grown on single crystal SrTiO₃ by using the paint-on method. The electrical properties of the films are quite different compared to the pristine counterpart. The samples with silver addition exhibit a very low resistivity and the insulator to metal transition occurs at higher temperature (270 K) than the undoped samples. The resistance versus temperature dependence in these films is very sharp and the magnetoresistance ratio is restricted to a narrow temperature range, close to the electric transition for both cases. The improved properties of the thick films are associated with the improvement of the connectivity between the grains, although microstructural effects are not ruled out.     

Isotopically driven transitions in LaPrCaMnO system

The effect of oxygen isotope substitution on transport and magnetic properties is studied for (La_1−yPr_y)_0.7Ca_0.3MnO₃ ceramics and thin films. The temperature dependence of electrical resistivity reveals the metal–insulator transition induced by the ¹⁶O→ ¹⁸O substitution at y=0.75 (ceramics) and y=0.5 (films on LaAlO₃). Neutron powder diffraction at y=0.75 demonstrates a striking difference between magnetic structures in the samples with ¹⁶O and ¹⁸O. Measurements of AC magnetic susceptibility allow us to analyze the magnetic phase diagram and its changes related to the isotope substitution.