多普勒振镜正弦调制多光束激光外差二次谐波测量微冲量

提出了一种正弦调制多光束激光外差二次谐波测量微冲量的新方法,将激光与工质靶作用产生的微冲量转化为扭摆的转动角度测量,基于激光外差技术和多普勒效应,把待测转角信息加载到外差信号的频率差中,经信号解调后可以得到待测转角值,通过多次测量取平均值的方法可以提高待测转角的测量精度,从而提高微冲量的测量精度。利用这种新方法,以PVC+2%C为工质靶,利用MATLAB仿真测量了激光与工质靶作用产生的微冲量,结果表明:该测量的最大相对误差小于0.8%。     

Doppler振镜正弦调制多光束激光外差二次谐波测量角度的方法

提出了一种多光束激光外差测微小角度的新方法. 基于激光外差技术和Doppler效应, 通过做简谐振动的Doppler振镜对不同时刻入射光的正弦调制, 把待测角度信息加载到外差信号的频率差中, 经信号解调后可以得到待测角度参数值, 经加权平均处理可以提高待测角度的测量精度. 利用这种新方法, 通过Matlab仿真了平面标准镜不同入射角的模拟结果, 表明该仿真结果的最大相对误差小于0.789677%. 关键词： 角度测量 多光束激光外差 激光Doppler技术 Fourier分析     

Numerical investigation of multi-beam laser heterodyne measurement with ultra-precision for linear expansion coefficient of metal based on oscillating mirror modulation

This paper proposes a novel method of multi-beam laser heterodyne measurement for metal linear expansion coefficient. Based on the Doppler effect and heterodyne technology, the information is loaded of length variation to the frequency difference of the multi-beam laser heterodyne signal by the frequency modulation of the oscillating mirror, this method can obtain many values of length variation caused by temperature variation after the multi-beam laser heterodyne signal demodulation simultaneously. Processing these values by weighted-average, it can obtain length variation accurately, and eventually obtain the value of linear expansion coefficient of metal by the calculation. This novel method is used to simulate measurement for linear expansion coefficient of metal rod under different temperatures by MATLAB, the obtained result shows that the relative measurement error of this method is just 0.4%.     

多普勒振镜正弦调制多光束激光外差测量玻璃厚度的方法

本文提出了一种多普勒振镜正弦调制多光束激光外差测量玻璃厚度的新方法. 基于激光外差技术和多普勒效应, 通过做简谐振动的多普勒振镜对不同时刻入射光的频率进行正弦调制, 把待测厚度信息加载到外差信号的频率差中, 通过快速傅里叶变换对外差信号解调后可以同时得到多个待测玻璃厚度值, 经加权平均处理可以提高待测厚度的测量精度. 利用这种新方法, 通过MATLAB仿真测量了不同玻璃厚度值, 结果表明：该测量结果的最大相对误差小于0.008%.     

窄脉冲相干激光雷达偏频锁定系统仿真研究

鉴于偏频锁定技术在激光外差探测和激光雷达等方面的广泛作用,基于可编程逻辑器件,设计了适用于窄脉冲激光外差信号的偏频锁定控制系统。在设计中,使用超高速电压比较器进行波形变换、多脉冲鉴频和大概率均值滤波进行数字鉴频,采用小步长快速控制方法进行调频,利用数模转换器和线性放大电路输出调频信号。借助信号发生器产生40ns脉宽的模拟外差信号对系统进行了仿真,实现了设计功能。对系统进行鉴频和调频测试,在40ns脉宽时鉴频误差范围为-7.5MHz～+7.7MHz。     

激光单脉冲冲量的扭摆测量方法

 激光脉冲作用于工质，使工质烧蚀反喷，产生微小冲量。研究了扭摆微小冲量测量方法，提出了在激光烧蚀反喷作用力下扭摆的运动方程，激光单脉冲作用下冲量所满足的积分方程。进一步通过积分方程的离散化方法，提出了激光单脉冲冲量的计算方法，并且进行了精度分析。为采用扭摆测量激光单脉冲冲量，提供了工程测量和计算方法。     

Laser frequency stabilization by means of optical self-heterodyne beat-frequency control

We propose and demonstrate a novel frequency-stabilization scheme that provides linewidth narrowing and at the same time is compatible with high-speed frequency agility. The method relies on sensing and control of a heterodyne beat signal derived from a fiber interferometer and functions in the absence of a fixed reference frequency. Our demonstration utilizes a short-external-cavity diode laser equipped with an intracavity electro-optic crystal for frequency correction. The stabilization method is shown to suppress impressed laser frequency modulation by nearly 2 orders of magnitude. Without further modification of our scheme we also demonstrate laser frequency tuning control.     

多光束激光外差高精度测量玻璃厚度的方法

利用基于激光外差测量技术和激光多普勒技术的非接触式多光束激光外差测量方法,得到了光电探测器输出电流的谐波表达式.讨论了该测量方法用于玻璃厚度超精密测量的可行性及理论依据,并利用Matlab软件对不同情况进行了仿真实验.结果表明：该方法在不同入射角时测量平板玻璃厚度最大的误差为0.3%,明显比其他测量方法精度高. 关键词： 外差探测 多光束激光外差 激光多普勒技术 非接触式测量     

Double-exposure heterodyne imaging for observing line-of-sight deformation

An optical heterodyne array imaging system is described for double-exposure interferometric measurement of objects that change because of stress or vibration. The signal measurement and processing approach is summarized, and the method is demonstrated in the laboratory. An advantage of this technique over other electronic interferometric imaging methods is that complex exposures are created with digital phase and amplitude values at each image pixel. In addition, measurement of object deformation does not require time synchronization between the camera exposure time, or laser pulse time, and object vibration frequency.     

Autocorrelation Method to Detect Frequency Shift of a Laser Diode by Short Pulse Irradiation

A new method to investigate fast frequency modulation of a laser diode by applying optical pulse irradiation is presented. The self-delayed heterodyne technique and an autocorrelation method are used to detect beat in the heterodyne signal due to frequency shift by the irradiation. Autocorrelation of the beat signal is suggested to be calculated via its spectrum.     

窄脉冲外差体制CO2激光主动成像研究

根据大目标外差探测时发射功率P_T与距离R₂成正比规律的脉冲激光雷达方程和天线定理,利用国内最新研制的小型高重频电光调Q波导CO₂激光器,采用非线性扫描和激光器不等时发射技术,设计研制了一套窄脉冲外差体制CO₂激光主动成像系统,对室内20m处大目标实现了像元素64×32、成像速率10帧/s实时成像显示,图像质量较好,激光器峰值功率约为60W、脉冲重复频40KHz、前沿50ns、脉宽300ns.     

双通道电光调Q射频激励波导CO2激光器研究

报道了双通道可调谐电光调Q射频激励波导CO2激光器,其中一通道是光栅选支电调Q的脉冲激光输出,调Q脉冲重复频率1Hz-10kHz可调,,脉冲峰值功率为150W,脉冲宽度为180ns,另一通道是光栅选支连续激光输出,可用压电陶瓷调节激光频率,同时分析了激光外差频率调谐范围,实验上获得最大脉冲激光外差频率调谐范围为150MHz。     

脉冲相干激光雷达测距信号研究

对脉冲激光雷达外差测距信号进行了研究，理论上，采用调Q激光脉冲的数值计算波形，研究了脉冲激光经远处目标漫反向后进行外差接收的波形及其傅里叶变换频谱成分。实验上，研究了可调谐电光调Q射频激励波导CO2激光器脉冲激光经目标反射后的外差波形及其傅里叶变换频谱成分，并计算了目标的距离，理论分析与实验结果一致。     

A Novel Laser Heterodyne Technique for the Measurement of Electron Density in Gas Discharges: Application to a TEA CO2 Laser Plasma

We describe a novel intracavity laser heterodyne technique for the measurement of electron density in gas discharges. The method produces time-resolved data from a single pulse and we have used it to monitor electron densities in a TEA laser discharge with a typical CO2 laser gas mixture. Good agreement was found between the measured electron density and its value calculated from current density and drift velocity. A maximum value of 5 × 1013 cm-3 was observed.     

多束高重复频率全光纤激光脉冲时间波形实时精密测量技术

提出了一种基于时分复用的多束高重复频率全光纤激光脉冲时间波形实时精密测量技术,针对分类成组的多束高重复频率全光纤激光系统不同测量功能需求,分别设计了1×8时分复用器、不同延时量的1×2时分复用器,实现了48路、144个1kHz光纤激光整形脉冲时间波形宽度、上升沿、面积等关键参数的精密测量,同时实现了多束高重复频率全光纤脉冲激光系统运行状态的实时监测。     

超短时延测量DFB激光器的动态线宽

激光器调谐过程中的动态线宽是非常重要的参数, 然而, 当前各种测量方法得到的都是激光器稳定状态下的静态线宽. 本文提出一种对干涉拍信号进行基于局部均值分解的时频分析进而获取激光动态线宽的方法, 通过仿真信号验证了这种时频分析方法提取瞬时相位噪声的有效性; 构建实验系统, 利用10cm路径差产生约0.5ns的超短时延, 提取相位噪声的时频分布, 首次得到了分布反馈半导体激光器在脉冲工作模式下的动态线宽. 关键词： 超短时延 动态线宽 局部均值分解 时频分布     

频差偏差对全视场外差测量精度的影响

根据全视场外差测量的相关理论,推导了频差偏差与仪器测量精度的相互关系.分析了频差大小、频差偏差、采集初始时间、初始相位、采样频率和采样周期数等相关参数对测量精度的影响.研究结果可以作为全视场外差测量设备设计、参数选取的理论依据;并给出了通过合理选择采样时间和采样帧数提高测量精度的一种方法.     

0.14THz高功率太赫兹脉冲的频率测量

提出了采用截止波导法与谐波混频法相结合的方式,进行0.14THz高功率短脉冲的频率测量.首先将两个截止频率分别为0.125和0.15THz的非标准矩形波导作为接收端,通过截止波导滤波法获得了太赫兹辐射源的频率范围.然后根据已知的频率范围,将本振频率选择为15—20GHz,则谐波混频的谐波次数确定为8.随后的Ka波段的脉冲测试和0.14THz连续波测试表明,该8次谐波混频器可用于0.14THz脉冲的混频测量.最后,0.14THz脉冲频率测量实验给出了太赫兹辐射源的准确频率为0.1465THz.该方法大大降低了对本振信号的频率要求,且结果准确可信,为长波段太赫兹脉冲的频率测量提供了一种新的思路.     

4.4 μm中红外激光外差光谱探测技术研究

在国内首次报道以窄线宽的4.4 μm外腔量子级联激光(QCL)作为本地振荡光源,黑体作为辐射光源的激光外差光谱实验装置的建立和测量工作。激光外差光谱是一种高灵敏度的光谱探测技术,并可以用于发展一种小型的光谱探测系统,进行地基或星载的地球大气或天文观测。介绍了激光外差的基本理论、装置的建立和实验测量工作。此激光外差光谱实验装置采用4.4 μm外腔量子级联激光,出光功率高达180 mW,在4.38～4.52 μm间连续可调,具有很宽的光谱调谐范围,能实现CO₂,CO和N₂O等大气重要分子的同时测量。通过开展不同压力下CO₂气体的激光外差光谱测量,对激光外差光谱实验装置的性能进行了评估。目前该激光外差系统的信噪比达到86,低于散粒噪声极限条件的理论计算值287,系统的光谱分辨率约为0.007 8 cm-1,能满足较窄线宽条件下的高分辨率激光外差光谱的测量。分析结果表明,中红外激光外差光谱系统具有很高的瞬态信噪比及光谱分辨率,在高精度测量大气温室气体的柱浓度和温室气体垂直廓线分布方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

Differential variation of laser longitudinal mode spacing induced by small intra-cavity phase anisotropies

Intra-cavity phase anisotropy causes each laser longitudinal mode to split into two orthogonally polarized frequencies. When the frequency difference generated by small anisotropy is about 40 MHz or less, only one frequency of the splitting mode oscillates while the other is always in lock-in state due to strong mode competition. In that case the longitudinal mode spacing deviates from its original value. And the spacing of two adjacent longitudinal modes shows differential variations depending on direction of cavity length tuning and mode polarization. In this paper, the relationship between spacing variation and small intra-cavity anisotropy is demonstrated experimentally and theoretically. The equivalent fast axis of anisotropy is determined additionally by its correlation with laser intensity tuning of the two orthogonally polarized components. The novel measurement method is successfully tested in several applications.