AgGaS_2晶体Ⅱ类非共线相位匹配CO_2激光参量上转换

本文报道了AgGaS_2晶体Ⅱ类非共线相位匹配Q开关Nd:YAG激光泵浦CO_2激光参量上转换研究结果,用迭代法计算了相位失配因子△K=0时的最佳非共线夹角.当泵浦功率密度为6MW/cm~2和晶体长度为4.7mm时,功率转换效率达16.1%,并且首次采用硅雪崩光电二极管接收和频信号.     

莫尔测量法中相位物体位置对结果的影响研究北大核心CSCD

莫尔测量法被广泛用于各类流场的结构显示和关键参量测量中,关于相位物体在光路中的放置位置已有不同的报道,针对该问题进行了理论和实验研究。理论分析表明,当相位物体放置于2个光栅前时,偏移量和相位主要取决于2个光栅之间的距离,偏折角取决于相位物体引起的相位扰动与2个光栅之间的间距的比值;而当相位物体放置于2个光栅之间时,偏移量和相位主要取决于相位物体到后面一个光栅之间的距离,偏折角则取决于相位物体引起的相位扰动与其到后面一个光栅之间的距离的比值。为了验证理论结果的正确性和合理性,实验中选取燃烧蜡烛火焰作为对象,对比发现在两种情况下,只要相应的距离选取适当,则相位物体的位置并不影响实验中重建的相位和偏折角等结果。相关研究成果可为莫尔测量法更好地用于各类流场的检测提供一定的参考。     

两区复振幅光瞳滤波器的优化设计研究

现在设计的超分辨光瞳滤波器大多是对光瞳函数进行设计和优化,本文在此基础上,设计了一种新的光瞳函数,具有此函数的超分辨光瞳滤波器,给设计参量b一确定的值,调节参量a或者固定参量a,调节参量b,均可以在一定程度上实现较好的横向超分辨,且具有比较高的斯特尔比,当a=2.1,b=-0.7时,轴向光强值在一段范围内变化缓慢,扩展...     

球面晶体背光成像系统模拟

球面晶体背光成像系统是一种重要的惯性约束聚变诊断技术,为了验证球面晶体背光成像系统性能,优化成像系统结构,利用光线追踪软件SHADOW对该系统背光成像进行模拟,对成像系统参量中成像物体位置、球面晶体弯曲半径和布拉格角等进行了模拟分析。结果表明:布拉格角为57和65的球面晶体背光成像系统,当成像物体厚度或者物体放置的误差a=1 mm,晶体弯曲半径误差R=3 mm,布拉格角误差=0.1 mrad时,在子午面和弧矢面光线追踪模拟的2个成像系统的相对放大率与经过相对放大率公式计算的结果比较吻合,说明参量的微小变化对成像系统的相对放大率影响较小,成像系统性能稳定可靠。     

全局耦合网络上的两种类集团的聚集-湮没反应动力学

利用Monte-Carlo模拟研究了全局耦合网络上扩散限制的不可逆聚集-湮没过程的动力学行为. 在系统中, 同种类集团相遇, 将发生聚集反应; 不同种类的集团相遇, 则发生部分湮没反应. 模拟结果表明:1) 当两种粒子初始浓度相等时, 系统长时间演化后, 集团浓度c(t)和粒子浓度g(t)呈现幂律形式, c(t)～t^{- α}和g(t)～t^-β, 其中幂指数α 和β 满足α=2β 的关系, 且α=2/(2 + q); 集团大小分布随时间的演化满足标度律, a_kt)=k^-τt^-ω\varPhi (k/t^z), 其中τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(3 + 1.27q)/(2 + q), z=α/2=1/(2 + q); 2) 当两种粒子初始浓度不相等时, 系统经长时间演化后, 初始浓度较小的种类完全湮没, 而初始浓度较大的那个种类的集团浓度c_A(t)仍具有幂律形式, c_A(t)～t^-α, 其中α=1/(1+q), 其集团大小分布随时间的演化也满足标度律, 标度指数为τ≈-1.27q, ω≈(2 + 1.27q)/(1 + q)和z=α=1/(1 + q). 模拟结果与已报道的理论分析结果相符得很好.     

一种新的360°三维轮廓术

提出了运用相移技术的光刀投影式测量３６０°回转物体三维轮廓的新方法。该方法对投影光刀引入正弦分布光场,利用相移技术对光刀投影狭缝进行相位计算,可得出各点的包裹相位分布,然后再利用光刀投影测量原理得到的高度信息对相位进行去包裹处理,从而得到具有较高精度的相位测量结果。最后根据相位与物体高度的几何关系,得到物体的三维轮廓数据。文中详细介绍了这一技术的原理及实验结果     

一种非线性相位误差的全场补偿方法

提出了一种非线性相位误差的全场补偿方法,通过对参考面相位的多次测量,提高了参考面的解相精度,提取出一个逼近理想值的期望相位面,并用该期望相位面检测非线性相位误差。重构待测物体时,可直接用物体展开相位值在查找表中查找对应的非线性相位误差,并以此对物体的展开相位进行全场补偿。采用所提方法重构已知具体高度的平面,平均绝对误差的最大值从0.48 mm减小到0.06 mm,方均根误差的最大值从0.55 mm减小到0.07 mm。     

α稳定噪声环境下多频微弱信号检测的参数诱导随机共振现象

本文将α稳定噪声与双稳随机共振系统相结合, 研究了不同α稳定噪声环境下高低频(均为多频)微弱信号检测的参数诱导随机共振现象, 探究了α稳定噪声的特征指数α(0 < α ≤ 2)和对称参数β (-1≤ β ≤ 1)及随机共振系统参数a, b对共振输出效应的作用规律. 研究结果表明, 在不同分布的α稳定噪声环境下, 通过调节系统参数a和b均可诱导随机共振来实现多个高、低频微弱信号的检测, 且存在多个a, b参数区间均可诱导随机共振, 这些区间不随α或β的变化而变化; 在高、低频微弱信号检测中, α或β对随机共振输出效应的作用规律相同. 本研究结果将有助于α稳定噪声环境下参数诱导随机共振现象中系统参数的合理选取, 进而可为实现基于随机共振的多频微弱信号检测方法的工程应用奠定基础. 关键词： 随机共振 α稳定噪声')" href="#">α稳定噪声 多频微弱信号检测 平均信噪比增益     

双频光栅傅里叶变换轮廓术频谱混叠研究

讨论了用双频光栅方法对包含突变成份的物体产生的变形条纹进行傅里叶变换时,可能会出现频谱混叠问题.推出了低频光栅的频谱f1与高频光栅的频谱f2不相互混叠的条件,分析了探测器非线性会引起同一光栅间频谱发生混叠情况.考虑到通常情况下低频光栅频谱f1与高频光栅频谱f2的混叠起主要作用,因此在该情况下用计算机仿真与实验验证了：当f2<2f1时,f1与f2相互混叠,物体面形难以恢复;当f2>2f1时,f1与f2不相互混叠,物体面形恢复得很好.     

BBOⅠ类相位匹配非共线参量产生中的群速自匹配

利用重复频率为1kHz的钛宝石激光的倍频蓝光抽运Ⅰ类相位匹配的偏硼酸钡(BBO)晶体，获得了可见光区的非共线参量超荧光.给出了最强光强处参量超荧光的非共线角，波长随相位匹配角的变化.理论计算了在参量超荧光中三波的群速失配随非共线角和相位匹配角的变化规律.结果表明，Ⅰ类非共线相位匹配的参量超荧光关于抽运光中心对称.并且沿光强最强的参量超荧光方向三波的群速失配最小，有效互作用长度最大，即参量超荧光的强度角分布是三波的相速和群速自匹配的结果.该理论和实验研究为减小飞秒光参量放大中三波的群速失配提供了一个理想的几何模型，为获得高增益、窄脉冲宽度的参量光输出提供了理论依据和实验验证. 关键词： 群速自匹配 参量超荧光 非共线相位匹配 飞秒光参量放大     

Levy噪声激励下的幂函数型单稳随机共振特性分析

将Levy噪声与幂函数型单稳随机共振系统相结合, 为确保实验数据的可靠性, 以平均信噪比增益为衡量指标, 针对Levy噪声激励下的随机共振现象进行了研究. 详细介绍了单稳系统势函数形式及Levy噪声的产生原理, 深入探究了不同特征指数α 和不同对称参数β 取值条件下, 单稳系统参数a和b、Levy噪声强度放大系数D对幂函数型单稳系统共振输出的作用规律. 研究结果表明, 在任意Levy噪声分布条件下, 通过对系统参数a和b的适当调整均能诱导随机共振, 完成微弱信号检测, 且有多个随机共振区间与之对应, 同时这些区间不随α 或β 的改变而改变; 此外, 在研究噪声诱导的随机共振时也发现了同样的规律, 通过调节噪声强度放大系数D也能产生随机共振, 且随机共振区间也不随α 或β 的改变而改变; 最后, 在研究系统参数a和b之间的相互作用关系时发现, 一个系统参数的随机共振取值区间会随着另一个系统参数的改变而改变. 所获得的研究结果有效解决了Levy噪声激励下幂函数型单稳随机共振系统的系统参数、噪声强度放大系数的选择问题, 为其应用于工程实践提供了可靠的理论依据.     

1D配合物[Tb(3,5-pdc)(3,5-Hpdc)(H2O)(phen)]n的合成、晶体结构及发光性质

用硝酸铽与3,5-吡啶二甲酸、邻菲罗啉在水热条件下进行反应,合成了配合物[Tb(3,5-pdc)(3,5-Hpdc)(H₂O)(phen)]_n(3,5-H₂pdc =3,5-吡啶二甲酸, phen=1,10-邻菲罗啉)。单晶X射线衍射测试表明,该配合物属单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数分别为:a=2.734 9(3) nm,b=1.099 48(12) nm,c=2.200 0(3) nm,α=γ= 90°,β=132.147 3(12)°,Z= 8,V=4 904.8(10) nm³。配合物中Tb³⁺与配体3,5-pdc^2-和3,5-Hpdc^-交替连接形成了一维链结构,链与链之间通过邻菲罗啉芳香环的π…π 堆积弱相互作用形成了三维结构。在波长为352 nm的紫外光激发下,配合物发射出Tb³⁺的特征荧光。     

Parameterization of Nuclear Hulthén Potential for Nucleus-Nucleus Elastic Scattering

In contrast to Gaussian or Woods-Saxon potential a two-term four parameter nuclear Hulth′en type interaction is considered to describe the α-α, α-~3He and α-~3H systems. By exploiting the phase function method, scattering phase shifts are computed up to ELab = 100 MeV for the α-α system and ELab = 15 Me V for α-~3He and α-~3H systems.The S-wave phase shift δ_0 for the α-α system tends to 2π and δ_(3/2)-for the α-~3He system tends to π, in the limit of zero energy. Reasonable agreements in phase shifts with the standard data are obtained with this simple potential model except for the 5/2~- states of α-~3He and α-~3H systems. With an additional energy-dependent correction factor to our potential, a good agreement with experimental data is obtained for 5/2~- states. We have also compared our results with the convenient Born approximations.     

喷嘴直径对喷射器性能的影响分析

利用二维轴对称,真实气体模型对喷射式制冷空调系统的喷射器进行CFD计算。真实气体模型占用较多的计算机资源,但它的计算结果更加真实。计算的目的在于得到在不同喷嘴直径条件下喷射器性能的变化和制冷系统性能的变化情况。在计算工况条件下,存在一最优的喷嘴直径Dn*(5mm),使得此时的喷射系数和系统COP最大。当Dn>Dn*时,喷射系数和COP随着喷嘴直径的增加而减少;当Dn相似文献   

Squeezed two-mode lasers without and with inversion

On the basis of the nondegenerate quantum-beat laser model, we introduce a coherent field which drives the transition between the upper lasing level and an auxiliary level. We demonstrate that such a four-level system can produce squeezed two-mode laser without and with inversion. When the laser is operated well above threshold, the intensity fluctuation in the average mode is reduced below the shot noise with an optimum Mandel parameter Q=- 1/2. At the same time, the noises in the relative amplitude and the relative phase drop to their vaccum noise levels. Furthermore, regardless of inversion, noninversion, and transition between inversion and noninversion, the optimum Mandel Q parameter of Q=- 1/2 is retained when the system operates well above threshold. A simple physical explanation of the squeezing mechanism for two-mode squeezing is given. Received: 22 December 1997 / Revised: 25 March 1998 / Accepted: 9 September 1998     

Equilibrium dynamics of the sub-Ohmic spin-boson model under bias

Using the bosonic numerical renormalization group method, we studied the equilibrium dynamical correlation function C(ω) of the spin operator σ_z for the biased sub-Ohmic spin-boson model. The small-ω behavior C(ω) ∝ω~s is found to be universal and independent of the bias ε and the coupling strength α(except at the quantum critical point α = αc and ε = 0). Our NRG data also show C(ω) ∝χ~2ω~s for a wide range of parameters, including the biased strong coupling regime(ε = 0 and α α_c), supporting the general validity of the Shiba relation. Close to the quantum critical point αc,the dependence of C(ω) on α and ε is understood in terms of the competition between ε and the crossover energy scale ω_0~*of the unbiased case. C(ω) is stable with respect to ε for ε《ε~*. For ε》ε~*, it is suppressed by ε in the low frequency regime. We establish that ε~*∝(ω_0~*)~(1/θ)holds for all sub-Ohmic regime 0≤s 1, with θ = 2/(3s) for 0 s≤1/2 and θ = 2/(1 + s) for 1/2 s 1. The variation of C(ω) with α and ε is summarized into a crossover phase diagram on the α–ε plane.     

Anomalous behavior and phase transformation of α-GaOOH nanocrystals under static compression

The structural compression mechanism and compressibility of gallium oxyhydroxide, α-GaOOH, are investigated by in situ synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction at pressures up to 31.0 GPa by using the diamond anvil cell technique. Theα-GaOOH sustains its orthorhombic structure when the pressure is lower than 23.8 GPa. The compression is anisotropic under hydrostatic conditions, with the a-axis being most compressible. The compression proceeds mainly by shrinkage of the void channels formed by the coordination GaO_3(OH)_3 octahedra of the crystal structure. Anomaly is found in the compression behavior to occur at 14.6GPa, which is concomitant with the equatorial distortion of the GaO_3(OH)_3 octahedra. A kink occurs at 14.6 GPa in the plot of finite strain f versus normalized stress F, indicating the change in the bulk compression behavior. The fittings of a second order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state to the P–V data in different pressure ranges result in the bulk moduli B_0= 199(1) GPa for P 14.6 GPa and B_0= 167(2) GPa for P 14.6 GPa. As the pressure is increased to about 25.8 GPa, a first-order phase transformation takes place, which is evidenced by the abrupt decrease in the unit cell volume and b and c lattice parameters.     

平行光波阵面调制下的双频干涉条纹形貌测量

传统形貌测量多采用光栅投影,其投影条纹的非正弦性及条纹密度的限制将影响形貌测量的精度,为了实现高密度正弦条纹投影的可调性,采用平行光干涉投影形成明亮且对比度高的正弦条纹,避免条纹的正弦畸变。在平行光波阵面调制下,通过相控阵调节两光束交会角度得到所需的条纹频率,实现条纹投影的可调性,再将调制后双频应用到解包裹中提高解相精度。对比分析了单频和双频解包裹条件下,一个最大高度为35.80 mm物体形貌的恢复,其最高点恢复相对误差分别为2.7%、1.6%。实验结果表明该方法具有有效性与可行性,具有较高的精度。     

Characterisation of precipitate phases in magnesium alloys using electron microdiffraction

Recent results of the characterisation of the structure, morphology and orientation of fine-scale, strengthening precipitate phases in selected magnesium alloys using transmission electron microscopy and microdiffraction are reviewed. The strengthening precipitate phases in Mg–Y–Nd alloys, aged to maximum hardness at 250°C, have been found to include two metastable precipitate phases β′ and β₁, and the equilibrium precipitate β. The β′ phase has a globular form, a base-centred orthorhombic structure (potential point group of mmm), and an orientation relationship such that (100)_β′//(1 10)_α, [001]_β′//[0001]_α. The β₁ phase has an f.c.c. structure (space group and an orientation relationship that may be described by (100)_β1//[0001]_α, and forms as plates parallel to The β phase has an f.c.c. structure (space group ) and also forms as plates on with an orientation relationship with the matrix phase that is identical to that observed for β₁ phase. Precipitates in Mg–Al alloys, aged isothermally at 200°C, invariably have the b.c.c. structure of the equilibrium precipitate phase β (Mg₁₇Al₁₂). Three orientation relationships have been observed between β and the matrix phase. Most precipitates have an irrational orientation relationship that approximates to the Burger's relationship, (001)_β//(0001)_α, and a faceted lath morphology with habit plane parallel to (0001)_α. A minor fraction of precipitates posses an orientation relationship that is of the form

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and have a prismatic rod morphology. The long axes of these rods are parallel to [0001]_α, and their faceted surfaces are parallel to A few precipitates are observed to have an orientation relationship such that

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and a rod shape, with their long axes apparently inclined with respect to [0001]_α.