基于Franz-Keldysh效应的倏逝波锗硅电吸收调制器设计

本文设计了一种基于Franz-Keldysh (FK) 效应的GeSi电吸收调制器. 调制器集成了脊形硅单模波导. 光由脊形硅波导以倏逝波形式耦合进锗硅吸收层. 在硅基锗二极管FK效应实验测试的基础上, 有源区调制层锗硅中的硅组分设计为1.19%, 从而使得器件工作在C (1528–1560 nm) 波段. 模拟结果显示该调制器的3 dB带宽可达64 GHz, 消光比为8.8 dB, 而插损仅为2.7 dB. 关键词： 锗硅 调制器 电光集成     

基于嵌入填充层的薄膜铌酸锂-氮化硅电光调制器

提出一种异质集成型薄膜铌酸锂电光调制器,由底部氮化硅波导、中间BCB黏合层、顶部铌酸锂薄膜构成调制区波导结构,调制电极位于铌酸锂薄膜的上部且二者之间填充了低折射率的SiO₂,以利于实现折射率匹配并降低光损耗、微波损耗。进一步利用马赫-曾德尔干涉仪结构,设计了相应的电光调制器,并提出一种倒台阶型薄膜结构,该结构可实现输入、输出波导与调制区波导的高效耦合。对该电光调制器进行行波高速匹配设计,所得器件的半波电压长度积为1.77 V·cm,3 dB调制带宽为140 GHz,且调制区长度仅为5 mm。所提器件结构有望在大带宽薄膜铌酸锂电光调制器设计中发挥优势,助力薄膜铌酸锂光子集成器件的快速发展。     

基于偏置纳米线的石墨烯表面等离激元调制器

开发高性能的电光调制器对于构建片上光子回路非常重要.鉴于纳米线结构具备独特的电场横向束缚特点,设计一种基于纳米线的混合表面等离激元波导电光调制器,该调制器由偏置双硅纳米线、双石墨烯层以及置于双石墨烯层之间的银纳米线构成.利用二维时域有限差分算法计算分析结构参数对器件调制性能的影响.模拟结果表明,所设计的调制器在1550 nm的工作波长下可以实现较为出色的调制性能,其3 dB调制带宽高达250 GHz,调制深度和功耗分别高于0.15 dB/μm和低于11.5 fJ/bit,该调制器可为新一代高性能集成电光调制器的开发提供设计思路.     

一种定向耦合器型高聚物光开关设计

本文提出了一种基于定向耦合器型的高分子聚合物波导光开关设计,其突出特点是极低的波长相关性和耦合区几何尺寸敏感度,可采用橡胶成型工艺(Rubber Molding Process)实现高聚物波导在硅基底上的快速转印成型.利用BPM方法进行了器件的波导结构设计及性能模拟,插入损耗为0.4-0.6 dB,串扰<-32 dB,偏振相关损耗约为0.08 dB,电光系数r33＝14 pm/V时,器件的开关电压为42 V.     

行波电极硅-有机复合集成电光调制器理论分析与实验研究

对基于行波电极的硅-有机复合集成电光调制器进行研究,构建调制器的波导电极结构模型,分析特征阻抗和微波有效折射率对调制器频率响应的影响。通过对电极结构的仿真优化,完成调制器芯片的设计与制备,研究电光聚合物材料的片上极化工艺,得到高性能硅-有机复合集成电光调制器。对研制调制器电极的电学S(Scatter)参数进行测试,分析得到的电极特征阻抗和有效折射率与仿真设计结果基本相符。测试得到电光调制器的3 dB带宽大于50 GHz。     

基于slot波导的硅基长波红外偏振无关定向耦合器分析

硅基长波红外集成光电子器件是集成光学发展的一个新兴领域.阐述了利用等比例放大原理设计该波段下的slot波导的思路,分析了波导的限制因子、偏振特性等性质,并提出了工作波长为10.6 μm的偏振无关slot波导定向耦合器.     

InP基矩形马赫-曾德高速电光调制器行波电极设计与测试

提出了一种由新型沟槽耦合器和90°弯曲波导构成的InGaAsP/InP基矩形马赫-曾德电光调制器,对该调制器的L型波导相移臂设计了T型类微带行波电极.首先利用电极的等效电路估算带宽上限,进而在考虑阻抗匹配、回波损耗以及带宽等性能的基础上,使用有限元方法对电极的传输、输入/输出以及过渡区的结构参量进行优化.仿真结果表明由于受到电极输入及过渡区的性能限制,设计的整体行波电极匹配阻抗大于42Ω,回波损耗小于-15dB,带宽可达65GHz.测试制备的Ti/Au行波电极,得到回波损耗为-12dB和带宽为20GHz的最优性能.     

基于slot波导的硅基长波红外偏振无关定向耦合器分析

 硅基长波红外集成光电子器件是集成光学发展的一个新兴领域.阐述了利用等比例放大原理设计该波段下的slot波导的思路,分析了波导的限制因子、偏振特性等性质,并提出了工作波长为10.6 μm的偏振无关slot波导定向耦合器.     

基于有限元法的新结构LiNbO3电光调制器的分析与优化

对传统结构的LiNbO3电光调制器进行了改进,并用有限元法对改进后的电光调制器进行了分析计算,采用T形电极、脊波导和空气背槽的新型LiNbO3电光调制器在进行了结构尺寸优化后,相速完全匹配,带宽可达98 GHz,特性阻抗为52 Ω,损耗系数为0.464 dB/(cm·GHz1/2),半波电压为7.13 V,其性能远优于传统结构的调制器.     

掺铒聚合物狭缝波导放大器的增益特性研究

设计了一种高浓度稀土铒掺杂聚合物填充硅狭缝结构的平面光波导放大器（工作波长1 550 nm,泵浦波长1 480 nm）,能够在低泵浦下获得高增益,可以应用于硅基光互联的损耗补偿。通过扫描电镜照片观察发现,合成的铒掺杂聚合物材料具有良好的纳米狭缝填充能力。考虑铒离子的合作上转换和激发态吸收,利用铒离子四能级跃迁模型,建立原子速率方程和光功率传输方程,数值仿真分析了聚合物光学性质、狭缝波导结构参数及信号光泵浦光功率等放大器增益特性的影响因素。这种具有纳米截面尺寸的光波导放大器,获得4.5 dB的信号光相对增益仅需要1.5 mW的泵浦光,展现了良好的集成光学应用前景。为了进一步提高增益,引入了多层狭缝结构,四层狭缝波导的重叠积分因子比一层狭缝的高42%。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.