在金属基带上用激光脉冲沉积法制备帽子层CeO_2的研究

利用脉冲激光沉积法在带有Y2O3、YSZ隔离层的金属基带上制备了CeO2帽子层。主要讨论了温度、激光脉冲频率对CeO2隔离层的影响,用X射线θ~2θ扫描、Φ扫描对薄膜的取向和织构进行表征。结果表明在温度为610℃、激光频率为10Hz、1Pa氧压下制备的CeO2隔离层能有效地继承衬底的织构,平均平面内Φ扫描半高宽度为6.9°。扫描电镜可以观察到薄膜表面致密且无裂纹,原子力显微镜观测表面平均粗糙度在10nm以下。     

反应气体H2O对Y2O3隔离层外延生长的影响

报道了用反应溅射的方法在有强立方织构的NiW基带上连续制备Y2O3隔离层的研究结果.用X射线θ～2θ扫描,ψ扫描对薄膜的取向和织构进行表征,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和原子力显微镜(AFM)对薄膜的表面形貌进行观察.论文主要研究了H2O分压对Y2O3隔离层外延生长以及表面形貌的影响,结果表明:H2O分压过小,Y2O3织构相对衬底有所弱化,薄膜表面不透明,原子覆盖不均匀,且不利于后续隔离层YSZ的生长.同时,临界H2O分压与温度和总气压的关系也作了详细研究.     

利用脉冲激光沉积技术在双轴织构的Ni基带上外延CeO2薄膜

利用脉冲激光沉积技术在氢还原气氛下成功地在双轴织构的Ni基带上外延了高质量的CeO2薄膜.x射线衍射θ-2θ扫描和ω扫描结果表明,CeO2薄膜在Ni基带上呈c轴方向生长,存在很强的平面外织构;极图和ψ扫描显示它具有良好的平面内织构.Ni基片上织构的CeO2薄膜为进一步在其上外延高质量的YBa2Cu3O7-x超导薄膜提供了很好的模板.     

YBa2Cu3O7-x涂层导体的外延生长和性能对CeO2缓冲层的依赖性

利用倾斜衬底沉积法在无织构的金属衬底上生长了MgO双轴织构的模板层,在这一模板层上实现了YBa2Cu3O7-x薄膜的外延生长.在外延YBa2Cu3O7-x薄膜前,依次沉积了钇稳定的立方氧化锆和CeO2作为缓冲层.利用X射线衍射2θ扫描、φ扫描、Ω扫描和极图分析测定了这些膜的结构和双轴织构取向,利用Raman光谱表征了其超导相的品质和取向特性,利用扫描电镜和原子力显微镜观测了薄膜的表面形貌和粗糙度.考察了不同厚度的CeO2层对YBa2Cu3O7-x生长和性质的影响.发现了YBa2Cu3O7-x薄膜的外延生长和性能对CeO2的不同厚度具有显著而独特依赖性.讨论了其可能的机理.     

在MgO衬底上制作Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8超导薄膜

在MgO衬底上,利用共蒸发方法制备DyBa2Cu3O7作为缓冲层,再利用磁控溅射和后处理方法,制备了Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8超导薄膜.X射线衍射θ～2θ及φ扫描结果表明Tl-2212薄膜、Dy-123薄膜与衬底MgO呈外延生长关系.制备的Tl-2212薄膜Tc＝105.5K,液氮温度下临界电流密度Jc＝2.5×106A/cm2.     

电化学法涂层导体CeO_2缓冲层外延生长研究

电化学沉积法制备高温超导YBa2Cu3O7-δ涂层导体缓冲层具有工艺简单、设备要求低、易于连续化批量制备等优点。采用电化学沉积法,在双轴织构的Ni-5at.%W(Ni-5W)金属基带上成功制备出了具有良好c轴取向的CeO2缓冲层薄膜。利用X射线衍射、极图、扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜等对上述氧化物薄膜的织构、表面形貌等进行表征。重点研究了薄膜厚度、退火温度、退火时间等工艺对薄膜外延生长及其表面形貌的影响,结果表明:电化学沉积方法制备的CeO2缓冲层具有很好的双轴织构、表面平整、均一,粗糙度低,表现出良好的缓冲层性质。结合金属有机化学溶液超导层的制备技术,本工作展示了一条全化学法制备第二代高温超导带材的技术路线,具有很好的应用前景。     

在Ni片上制备YSZ/CeO2阻挡层和YBCO超导膜

本文用平面靶射频磁控溅射在具有双轴织构的Ni片上外延生长CeO2和YSZ薄膜作为阻挡层,X-射线衍射扫描分析表明CeO2和YSZ薄膜具有强的c轴织构和较好的平面内双轴织构.用中空柱状靶直流磁控溅射在阻挡层上制备YBCO超导薄膜.在2cm波带测量了YBCO的表面电阻和谐振腔有载QL值.     

沉积温度对YBCO薄膜取向的影响

采用脉冲激光沉积技术(PLD)在SrTiO3(100)单晶衬底上制备YBCO薄膜,用X射线对薄膜的取向和织构进行表征,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对薄膜的表面形貌进行观察.实验主要研究了衬底温度对薄膜外延取向的影响,结果表明在770℃温度下制备的YBCO有较多的a轴晶粒生成,在800℃温度下制备的YBCO是纯的c轴取向,且平均面内φ扫描半高宽(FWHM)为1.2°,超导转变宽度(△Tc)为0.9K.     

高温超导涂层导体CeO2缓冲层的化学溶液法制备及其热反应过程研究

本文通过化学溶液法在双轴织构的金属Ni-W衬底上外延生长了CeO2超导涂层导体缓冲层薄膜.X衍射极图表明其面内外织构良好.扫描电子显微镜和原子力显微镜观察薄膜表面光滑、平整且粗糙度低.采用差热分析研究了升温速率及样品质量对前驱溶液热反应过程的影响,结果表明其热反应主要经历了三个过程,其中吸附水的脱去和醋酸组的解离分别发生在110～140℃与230～240℃两个温度范围内,且受升温速率的影响很小,表明这两个反应都在较短的时间内完成.而发生在250～500℃温度段的氧化合成反应则需要较长的时间,其反应结束温度与升温速率近似成线性增加.X衍射分析进一步证实了上述三个热反应过程,当温度达到700℃时CeO2可以得到完好的结晶.     

直流反应溅射法制备Y_2O_3隔离层的研究

采用直流反应溅射的方法在具有立方织构的Ni基底上制备出了Y2O3隔离层,并研究了基带温度与H2O分压两个因素对Y2O3薄膜的织构取向以及表面形貌的影响。X射线衍射(XRD)结果和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)的分析表明,在温度为760℃,H2O分压为1.68×10-2Pa的条件下制备出的Y2O3薄膜具有强立方织构,平面内Φ扫描半高宽为7.07°,其表面均匀、致密、无裂纹。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.