近红外光谱范围人肝癌变和热凝固导致组织吸收和散射特性的变化

研究了人肝的癌变及热凝固导致其对710,730,750,770,790,810,830,850,870和890 nm的钛宝石激光的吸收和散射特性的变化,实验采用双积分球测量系统以及反向倍增法获取肝组织的吸收和散射特性参数.结果表明:人肝的癌变导致其吸收系数发生了显著的减小,其变化的最大值在850 nm,其值为86.12%,而变化的最小值在750 nm,其值为82.65%.正常人肝组织热凝固导致其吸收系数明显变化,其吸收系数的变化的最大值在710 nm,其值为79.55%,而变化的最小值在790 nm,其值为0.72%.人肝癌组织热凝固导致其吸收系数显著地增大,其变化的最大值在810 nm,其值为78.69%,而变化的最小值在710nm,其值为38.16%.人肝的癌变导致了肝组织的散射系数发生了显著的增大,其变化的最大值在710 nm,其值为158.37%,而变化的最小值在890 nm,其值为136.03%.正常人肝组织热凝固导致其散射系数显著地增大,其变化的最大值在890 nm,其值为632.92%,而变化的最小值在710 nm,其值为587.40%.人肝癌组织热凝固导致其散射系数显著地增大,其变化的最大值在810 nm,其值为384.25%,而变化的最小值在710 nm,其值为330.86%.肝组织的吸收和散射特性的变化也随着激光波长的变化而变化.     

石墨烯纳米带的制备与电学特性调控

石墨烯由于其独特的晶体结构展现出了特殊的电学特性,其导带与价带相交于第一布里渊区的六个顶点处,形成带隙为零的半金属材料,具有优异的电子传输特性的同时也限制了其在电子学器件中的使用.因而科研人员尝试各种方法来打开其带隙并调控其能带特性,主要有利用缺陷、应力、掺杂、表面吸附、结构调控等手段.其中石墨烯纳米带由于量子边界效应和限制效应,存在带隙.本综述主要介绍了制备各类石墨烯纳米带的方法,并通过精确调控其细微结构,从而对其进行精确的能带调控,改变其电学特性,为其在电子学器件中的应用提供一些可行的方向.     

助熔剂对发光体BaAl12O19：Mn结构及发光的影响

在几种不同的助熔剂的作用下合成了ＢａＡｌ１２Ｏ１９：Ｍｎ发光体,ＸＲＤ谱显示 助熔剂不仅有利于基质的结晶成核,而且对基质的不同晶面的生长也有影响。其ＵＶ光谱表明不同的助熔剂对其发光的影响不一样,Ｈ３ＢＯ３不利于其发光,ＡｌＦ３对其发光的提高不大,ＢａＦ２则可以较大地增加其发光强度,其ＶＵＶ光谱显示在１５０ｎｍ附近有较强的激发证实了其可成为用于ＰＤＰ的荧光粉之一。     

共轭微孔聚合物结构调整及其荧光发射探究用于吸附传感

有机多孔聚合物(POPs)是一类高比表面积,具有复杂孔径结构,可修饰不同官能团的新型有机材料,其复杂的微观结构使其在吸附分离领域具有良好的前景。共轭微孔聚合物(CMPs)是有机多孔聚合物的一种,其也具有上述所说的有机多孔聚合物的特性,相比其他类型的有机多孔聚合物,大共轭环的骨架使其结构更加刚性,并赋予其具有可见光区荧光的特性。本工作从调整聚合物合成单元方式调节结构,探究不同类型聚合物的荧光波长,有助于了解其在化学吸附与传感领域的应用。     

N-烃基-N''''-(对氨基苯磺酸钠)硫脲类化合物稳定性研究

本文研究了十三种硫脲类化合物在不同介质溶液中存储不同时间及氧气、日光对其稳定性的影响。通过测定其紫外光谱和红外光谱并进行分析比较,根据其主要吸收峰的变化,讨论了其结构关系,并得出了它们的稳定性变化规律。     

大众文化的价值取向及影响

本文从大众文化的产生过程探讨其价值取向,从文化批评的角度分析其影响,使人们对其双刃性有充分的认识,进而在文化建设中扬长避短,繁荣我国的文化事业。     

弹簧摆在匀强磁场中的运动分析

针对带有电荷的弹簧摆施加在竖直方向的匀强磁场的背景下,通过牛顿力学的方法得到了其运动学方程,从而发现其摆动平面在不停的进行旋转.同时按照初始条件的不同,将其在水平方向上的运动学方程化简为不同的曲线方程,进而得到了其运动的轨迹特征.     

弛豫型铁电体铌镁酸铅陶瓷的玻璃化行为研究

钛酸铅与铌镁酸铅组成比为1:9的固溶体陶瓷是典型的弛豫型铁电体,其介电行为与偶极玻璃的介电行为极为相似,并已将玻璃学中的Vogel-Fulcher关系用于处理其介电常数峰值温度与频率的关系。本文测定了其介电行为随温度的变化,对其微观局域极化行为进行了分析,讨论了其局域极化的产生、增大及冻结过程,研究了弛豫型铁电体与Debye介质、玻璃体的关系和区别。在此基础上,提出了一个更合理的函数关系式,用以表征其介电常数峰值温度与频率的关系,并得出其介电弛豫激活能为0.037eV。实际应用表明,对于弛豫型铁电体,该函数关系较原有Vogel-Fulcher关系更有效。 关键词：     

中华和钟之双音鎛钟的声频特征和振动方式研究

本文对中华和种之中央Bo钟的声频特性和振动方式进行了研究。利用谱对其辐射声信号进行了谱分析;利用时频分析,研究了其谱结构随时间变化情况;为了了解其频率变化及音高情况,计算了其不同时刻的瞬时平均频率。同时,通过不同位置的振动信号谱分析,重建了其在不同频率下的振动方式。     

低速轴流压气机中工况变化对动叶顶部泄漏流波动频率的影响

本文利用数值方法研究了某两级低速轴流压气机第二级动叶在存在前后静叶扰动时,工况变化对其顶部非定常泄漏流波动频率的影响。结果显示其波动主要集中在泄漏涡轨迹附近,并且随着流量减小而增强。在大流量工况,其波动频率为转子通道频率。在中等流量工况,其波动频率为0.59倍通道频率。在小流量工况,其波动频率为0.51倍通道频率。并且其波动频率与前后静叶扰动强度无关。     

Time of flight spectra in thermal desorption of helium

Time of flight spectra are calculated within the cascade model of phonon-mediated desorption for helium desorbing from graphite, sapphire and Nichrome. One and three-dimensional theories are compared. Deviations from Knudsen's cosine law are traced to dynamical effects. The spectra are — as a function of time — narrower than a Maxwellian distribution and their maxima are generally shifted to shorter times indicating that the desorbed molecules are hotter than the solid temperature. Relevant experiments are discussed. Experimental geometries are analysed.     

Parametric excitation of subharmonic oscillations

Subharmonic oscillations of order one-half for a single-degree-of-freedom system with quadratic, cubic, and quartic nonlinearities under parametric excitation are investigated. Two approximate methods (multiple scales and generalized synchronization) are used for comparison. The modulation equations (reduced equations) of the amplitudes and the phases are obtained. Steady-state solutions (periodic solutions) and their stability are determined. Numerical solutions are carried out, and graphical representations of the results are presented and discussed. The results obtained by the two methods are in excellent agreement.     

Faithful quantum secure direct communication protocol against collective noise

An improved quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol is proposed in this paper.Blocks of entangled photon pairs are transmitted in two steps in which secret messages are transmitted directly.The single logical qubits and unitary operations under decoherence free subspaces are presented and the generalized Bell states are constructed which are immune to the collective noise.Two steps of qubit transmission are used in this protocol to guarantee the security of communication.The security of the protocol against various attacks are discussed.     

Radar cross sections of a random medium layer

Abstract

Analytic expressions are derived for the normalized radar cross sections (NRCS) of a random medium layer. These are calculated from the first-order solutions for diffuse intensities which are based on a multiple-scattering wave theoretical analysis. The permittivity fluctuations are assumed to be small and to obey stationary Gaussian statistics. On studying the expressions for the NRCS, some of their characteristics are pointed out. Three different correlation functions are considered and expressions for the coherent propagation constants are provided. Numerical examples are used to verify theoretical results and highlight some interesting characteristics of NRCS.     

Predicting rogue waves

Observational data regarding anomalously high waves on the sea’s surface (freak or rogue waves) are reviewed. The objectives of the research are identified, and the difficulties encountered are noted. The main physical mechanisms employed in explaining rogue waves are listed, and possible approaches to predicting marine hazards are discussed. Principles for ongoing short-term forecasting of extreme waves (within tens of wave periods or wavelengths) are proposed. Some preliminary results are presented.     

离子交换KTP晶体光波导及其各向异性波导性能研究

采用离子交换法制备了Ｒｂ：ＫＴＰ晶体光波导，在不同波长的耦合光下测量了ＴＥ和ＴＭ偏振波导模式的有效折射率，拟合了波导层折射率的余误差函数分布，证明了波导折射率增量的各向异性，给出了其色散关系；最后计算并讨论了Ｒｂ：ＫＴＰ波导的扩散特性。     

Radar cross sections of a random medium layer

Analytic expressions are derived for the normalized radar cross sections (NRCS) of a random medium layer. These are calculated from the first-order solutions for diffuse intensities which are based on a multiple-scattering wave theoretical analysis. The permittivity fluctuations are assumed to be small and to obey stationary Gaussian statistics. On studying the expressions for the NRCS, some of their characteristics are pointed out. Three different correlation functions are considered and expressions for the coherent propagation constants are provided. Numerical examples are used to verify theoretical results and highlight some interesting characteristics of NRCS.     

Effect of magnetic field on freely moving superconductors in the audio band

The results of studying the magnetomechanical effects in classical superconductors are analyzed. The energy losses are determined, and a number of macroscopic parameters are calculated using a developed model. The studies of superconductors by the method of rotation of a body suspended without contact are described. The results obtained are analyzed, and the values of some parameters are determined.     

Semiclassical elementary particle models

Some simple models of elementary particles are discussed; they may be described as semiclassical, quark, shell models. Particles are assumed to be composed of spherical concentric charged shells. Three basic types of shell are allowed, quantum numbers are associated with each type such as to establish a quantum number correspondence between the shell types and the (p, n, ) quarks. Particles are identified through the quantum numbers of their constituent shells (quarks).The basic assumptions underlying the models considered are relationships between the electromagnetic energy associated with elementary particles (quark systems) and particle masses. The electromagnetic energy is represented classically; the models are semiclassical in that the shell radii are related to particle Compton wavelengths.Particle mass and magnetic moment formulas are derived, possible values for quark masses are suggested, and possible connections of the models considered with particle symmetry schemes are discussed.