纳米TiO2光催化转化下有机氯农药与AgNO3的光谱特性研究

以TiCl4为原料,利用水解法制备了锐钛矿型纳米TiO2。研究了α,β,γ,δ-六六六(BHC)、滴滴涕、狄氏剂、三氯杀螨醇、七氯等含氯农药在纳米TiO2的悬浮体系和紫外光的作用下的降解行为。由于C—Cl键能的关系,不同有机氯农药的光降解效率有很大的不同,其降解率为三氯杀螨醇>狄氏剂>滴滴涕>七氯的降解率,而对六六六的异构体,其降解率顺序为-αBHC>-γBHC>-δBHC>-βBHC。研究了Cl-在聚乙烯醇表面活性剂溶液中生成氯化银溶胶在260 nm左右的吸光光谱特性,通过有机氯转化为无机氯离子(Cl-)以及Cl-浓度与氯化银溶胶吸光值之间的线性关系的方式,实现有机氯农药含量的间接测定。     

气相色谱法测定养殖环境沉积物中硫丹及代谢物残留

建立了养殖环境沉积物中α-硫丹、β-硫丹和硫丹硫酸盐残留的气相色谱测定方法.用丙酮和石油醚提取沉积物中的硫丹,用由下至上依次填充弗罗里硅土、活性炭和无水硫酸钠的玻璃层析柱净化提取物,浓缩后气相色谱(ECD检测器)检测.结果显示,浓度范围为0.500～100μg/L线性良好,最低检出限和最低定量限分别为0.9μg/kg和...     

多体系多波长计算光度法同时测定镧铈镨钕钐铕钆

本文以DBC-偶氮氯膦为显色剂,并且在显色体系中加入不同量的EDTA-Na2P2O7作为竞争配位剂,使得七组分轻稀土组分间吸收光谱灵敏度的差别逐渐加大,从而增加了轻稀土混合物体系组分间吸收光谱的线性独立性.利用数值稳定性较强的约束优化算法--可变容差法处理光谱数据,对不同浓度比例的七组分轻稀土混合物体系(La3+,Ce3+,Pr3+,Nd3+,S m3+,Eu3+,Gd3+)的测定,取得了较满意的结果.     

多体系多波长计算光度法同时测定镧铈谱钕钐铕钆

本文以ＤＢＣ－偶氮氯膦为显色剂,并且在显色体系中加入不同量的ＥＤＴＡ－Ｎａ２Ｐ２Ｏ７作为竞争配位剂,使得七组分轻稀土组分间吸收光谱灵敏度的差别逐渐加大,从而增加了轻稀土混合物体系组分间吸收光谱的线性独立性。利用数值稳定性较强的约束优化算法－可变容差法处理光谱数据,对不同浓度比例的七组分轻稀土混合物体系（Ｌａ＾３＋,Ｃｅ＾３＋,Ｐｒ＾３＋,Ｎｄ＾３＋,Ｓｍ＾３＋,Ｅｕ＾３＋,Ｇｄ＾３＋）的测定,取得     

持久性有机物硫丹的太赫兹光谱研究

以最新被斯德哥尔摩公约列入持久性有机污染物的硫丹为研究对象,采用太赫兹时域光谱技术获得了α硫丹在0.2～2THz频率范围内的吸收系数谱和折射率谱,结果显示在此频率范围内存在有一系列特征吸收峰,并且通过实验和理论计算对比发现在1.70和1.88THz处的实验吸收峰与1.68和1.91THz处的理论吸收峰有很好的吻合;经分析认为,这吻合峰是由于分子内集体振动引起的,实验中的其他峰值可能归因子分子间弱相互作用力和混合振动。研究结果证明了THz-TDS技术进行持久性有机物检测的可行性,为THz-TDS系统在持久性有机物识别和残留物检测方面的应用提供了依据。     

高效液相色谱法和硫氰酸钾滴定法检测煤中氯的比较研究

比较了测定煤中氯的高效液相色谱(HPLC)法和硫氰酸钾滴定法。以密闭氧弹燃烧或艾氏卡剂熔融分解样品，分别以高效液相色谱法和硫氰酸钾滴定法测定煤中氯，通过对国家标准物质GBW11118、GBW11119、GBW11120分析结果的比较及t检验，表明两方法无显著性差异。     

“皮革奶”中L-羟脯胺酸的测定

用硫酸水解试样,再过滤、稀释水解产物。产物经氯胺T氧化后,与对二甲氨基苯甲醛反应生成红色化合物,用分光光度计进行比色测定。本法测定＂皮革奶＂中L-羟脯氨酸的含量可操作性强,适合批量检测。     

Pd(OAc)_2与有机双膦在氯代烷中的反应机理(Ⅱ)研究

在前文[1 ,2 ] 基础上 ,扩展了有机双膦系列 .应用电子自旋捕获技术 (EPR ST)研究了Pd(OAc) 2 与系列有机双膦dppm(二 (二苯基膦甲烷 ) )、dppe(二 (二苯基膦乙烷 ) )及dppp(二(二苯基膦丙烷 ) )在氯代烷中反应的反应机理 ,所用捕获剂为PBN ,得到EPR实验谱并进行了模拟 .提出了反应机理并进行了讨论 .并对影响反应的一些因素进行了探讨 .Pd(OAc) 2 在此反应中既是反应物又是引发剂 ,在反应中起分子诱导作用 .当Pd(OAc) 2 与非自由基物种有机双膦配体及氯代烷共存时 ,引发了自由基反应 .     

分光光度法测定生产环境空气中高氯酸铵的浓度

本文选用滤膜采样技术，采集生产环境空气中高氯酸铵微粒并溶解在蒸馏水中，用已知过量的亚甲基兰（以下简称亚甲兰）与水溶液中的高氯酸根离子反应，生成高氯酸亚甲兰沉淀，分离沉淀，对剩余的亚甲兰进行比色测定，从而间接测定高氯酸铵含量，本方法具有操作简便，结果准确可靠，适用范围广等优点。     

Pd(OAc)2与有机双膦在氯代烷中的反应机理(Ⅱ)研究

在前文^[1,2]基础上,扩展了有机双膦系列.应用电子自旋捕获技术(EPR-ST)研究了Pd(OAc)₂与系列有机双膦dppm(二(二苯基膦甲烷))、dppe(二(二苯基膦乙烷))及dppp(二(二苯基膦丙烷))在氯代烷中反应的反应机理,所用捕获剂为PBN,得到EPR实验谱并进行了模拟.提出了反应机理并进行了讨论.并对影响反应的一些因素进行了探讨.Pd(OAc)₂在此反应中既是反应物又是引发剂,在反应中起分子诱导作用.当Pd(OAc)₂与非自由基物种有机双膦配体及氯代烷共存时,引发了自由基反应。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.