乙烯基自由基与IB金属小团簇的相互作用研究

采用密度泛函理论的B3LYP和PBE1PBE方法,对IB金属小团簇与C2H3自由基间的相互作用进行了研究。结果发现：C2H3Mn0/-(M=Cu、Ag、Au;n=1-3)最稳定及其异构体的结构都相同,只是键长、键角有所不同。在C2H3Mn0/-(M=Cu、Ag、Au;n=1-3)的最稳定结构中,C2H3自由基和金属团簇都作为整体单元存在。由于金属团簇与C2H3自由基的相互作用,在红外吸收光谱中,C2H3自由基中C=C、C-H键的伸缩振动发生了红移,而随着团簇中金属原子数目的增多,C=C键及C-H键的伸缩振动,红移程度减小。基于含时密度泛函(TDDFT)计算,模拟了C2H3Mn-(M=Cu、Ag、Au;n=1-3)最稳定结构的光电子能谱(PES)。     

M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)混合小团簇的密度泛函研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的B3LYP方法,利用小核实赝势LANL2DZ,优化了含重金属二元混合团簇M2Al2(M=Au,Ag,Cu)的稳定结构,并得出具有C2v(1A1)对称性的蝴蝶结构比平面构型更加稳定,其中团簇Au2Al2最稳定.计算了稳定结构的结合能、电离势、电子亲和能、最高占据轨道能级和最低空轨道能级及二者间的能隙,得出参杂团簇M2Al2比非参杂团簇M4(M=Au,Ag,Cu)更稳定的结论.     

Cu~+、Ag~+、Au~+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应

利用激光溅射 分子束的技术 ,结合反射飞行时间质谱计 ,研究了Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应。结果显示这三种金属离子与 (CH3 CH2 SH) n 反应形成一系列团簇离子M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n,且团簇离子尺寸不一样。Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了 (CH3 CH2 SH) +n ,由此推测Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇团簇的反应存在两种通道 ,一种通道是生成M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n,另一种是生成 (CH3 CH2 SH) +n 。Cu+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了M+(H2 S) (M =Cu、Au) ,但是实验中没有观察到Ag+(H2 S) ,理论计算表明Ag+(H2 S)很不稳定。另外 ,分析产物离子M+(CH3 CH2 SH) n 的强度发现 ,n =1～ 2之间存在明显的强度突变现象     

Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应

利用激光溅射-分子束的技术,结合反射飞行时间质谱计,研究了Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的气相化学反应.结果显示这三种金属离子与(CH3CH2SH)n反应形成一系列团簇离子M+(CH3CH2SH)n,且团簇离子尺寸不一样.Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了(CH3CH2SH)+n,由此推测Cu+、Ag+、Au+与乙硫醇团簇的反应存在两种通道,一种通道是生成M+(CH3CH2SH)n,另一种是生成(CH3CH2SH)+n.Cu+、Au+与乙硫醇的反应还生成了M+(H2S)(M=Cu、Au),但是实验中没有观察到Ag+(H2S),理论计算表明Ag+(H2S)很不稳定.另外,分析产物离子M+(CH3CH2SH)n的强度发现,n=1～2之间存在明显的强度突变现象.     

CH2和CH3自由基吸附在Cun (n=1-6)团簇上C-H对称振动模式的软化

利用密度泛函理论中杂化泛函理论方法计算了CH₂和CH₃自由基吸附在Cu_n(n=1～6)团簇上时C?H对称伸缩振动模式的软化性质,结果表明,CH₂在Cun团簇上的吸附要比CH₃的吸附强. 计算得到的C-H键的振动频率与实验上测量的这两个自由基吸附在Cu(111)表面的结果符合得很好,随着团簇尺寸的增加,C-H对称伸缩振动频率的软化(红移)越来越大.     

M_2Ga(M=Cu,Ag,Au)二元合金小团簇的从头算研究(英文)

根据原子与分子反应静力学和群论理论推导出二元合金小团簇M2Ga(M=Cu,Ag,Au)的离解极限和基态电子态.采用量子力学从头算方法及小核实赝势和相应的基组,对二元合金小团簇M2Ga进行几何优化,得到M2Ga基态(2B2)为弯曲平面型结构,并与单元团簇M3(M=Cu,Ag,Au)相似.计算得到合金团簇比单元团簇稳定,其中Au2Ga体系最稳定.同时给出谐振频率、力常数,并且分析得到电子相关效应使得团簇更加紧凑、稳定性增强.     

(SiC)n(n=1-5)团簇的结构与性质的密度泛函理论研究

运用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法,在6-31G*基组水平上对(SiC)n(n=1-5)团簇各种可能的构型进行了几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构。并对最稳定结构的振动特性、成键特性、电荷特性等进行了理论研究。结果表明：(SiC)n团簇形成碳原子骨架,而硅原子生长在碳原子骨架上;在Si和C相互作用形成团簇的过程中,Si原子向C原子有电荷转移,团簇中原子间相互作用呈现共价型;SiC、(SiC)5团簇有相对较高的动力学稳定性;团簇稳定结构的IR最强振动主要是C-Si键的伸缩振动,Raman较强振动均来自C-C键的伸缩振动。     

重金属团簇(M2Te)3(M=Au, Ag, Cu)赝势从头算研究

使用相对论和非相对论赝势,在HF和MP2理论水平上研究了重金属混合/掺杂团簇(M2Te)3(M=Au, Ag, Cu) 的几何构型和稳定性.结果显示,团簇存在具有D3h,C2v和C3v对称性的三种稳定异构体,并且各异构体之间能量相差很小.电子相关效应对M-M键长的修正十分显著,而对M-Te键长和Te-M-Te键角的修正非常小.相对论效应使所有键长变短、Te-M-Te键角变大.两种效应都提高振动频率、降低能量,使团簇结构变得更加紧凑,使多聚物趋于更加稳定.     

胞嘧啶-水分子氢键团簇结构特性理论研究

使用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法,在6-311++G(d , p)基组水平上,研究了C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇的基态结构及红外线光谱。通过对C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇结构优化,获得了团簇的六种稳定结构。三种最稳定结构的分子团簇的红外光谱表明O—H…O和N—H…O氢键的形成使得O—H和N—H之间伸缩频率减小,发生了红移; O—H…N氢键使O—H之间的伸缩振动频率变大,发生了蓝移。AIM程序分析表明：电子密度的强弱反映了红移和蓝移的大小。之后使用Veda4软件对C4H5N3O·(H2O)n (n=1~3)分子团簇红外光谱的振动频率进行了分析,并对振动频率进行了比较。     

团簇ConAgm (n +m =13)表面吸附C2H4的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算方法,本文对ConAgm(n+m=13)团簇的几何结构进行优化后,研究了C2H4分子在这类团簇的表面吸附行为,讨论了团簇的平均结合能、二阶能量差分、稳定性、DOS以及吸附前后键长的变化情况。结果表明,C2H4在团簇top位的吸附主要为物理吸附,而在face位和bridge位的吸附主要为化学吸附。吸附后,C2H4@Ag13的稳定性高于C2H4@Co13,且在face位吸附时C2H4@Co2Ag11的结构最为稳定。随着Co原子数的增加,团簇中原子间成键能力减弱,而d电子轨道则呈现出较强的相互作用,并导致其向能量相对高处发生转移     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.