Broadband planar left-handed metamaterials using split-ring resonator pairs

In this paper, we showed that split-ring resonator (SRR) pairs can be used as broadband planar left-handed metamaterials (LHMs). Simulations were carried out for one layer of infinite LHM slab using SRR pairs. The results showed that by carefully adjusting dimensions of the SRR pairs, magnetic and electric resonances can be coexistent at some frequency ranges and in the frequency range where there are both negative magnetic and electric responses, there is a broad LH band. Equivalent circuits for the magnetic and electric resonance were offered to give a qualitative and quantitative explanation of the LH behaviors of LHMs using SRR pairs.     

电谐振器和磁谐振器构成的左手材料的实验验证

加工、制作和测试了由电谐振器和磁谐振器构成的左手材料.首先分别测试了电谐振器、磁谐振器各自的传输频谱,得到各自的负参数区域,然后测试了由电谐振器和磁谐振器构成的左手材料的传输频谱,并提取了其等效介电常数和磁导率.实验结果表明,在电谐振器和磁谐振器各自传输禁带的重合区域,出现了一个通带,在该通带内,等效介电常数和磁导率同时为负,验证了材料的左手特性.     

A metamaterial with multi-band left handed characteristic

A novel left handed (LH) metamaterial (LHM) with multi-band (MB) LH behavior is numerically and experimentally studied based on three split ring resonator pairs (SRRPs). The SRRPs are patterned on both sides of a single dielectric slab, featuring three magnetic resonances and two electric resonances. By cautiously designing the dimensions of each SRRP, the magnetic resonances and electric resonances can be individually controlled, and the resulting negative permeability and negative permittivity can be overlapped to engineer a MB LHM. The multiresonant mechanism has been studied from field distribution analysis and circuit model analysis. For demonstration, a prototype example was fabricated and measured. Good agreement between simulation and measurement is observed. Measurement results indicate two bands of negative refractive index (NRI) in 7.41–7.74 GHz and 9.8–10.4 GHz. The suggested novel LHM opens an alternative to prepare the cloaks, absorbers, antennas, and frequency selective surface (FSS) suitable for multifrequencies.     

基于双负介质与负介电常数介质交叠结构的谐振腔研究

通过探讨双负介质与负介电常数介质交叠结构的谐振特性,实现了一种能够同时缩小长度和宽度的改进的小型化谐振腔(IMCR). 对IMCR谐振特性进行了数值仿真,结果表明,IMCR能够在10.3GHz上稳定谐振,但其长度和宽度却分别只有4.58和5.08mm,相比于普通金属谐振腔的长度和宽度均缩短了一半. 这些结果对基于双负介质的小型化谐振腔的发展具有理论意义. 关键词： 双负介质 负介电常数介质 改进的小型化谐振腔 各向异性     

Dual-band left-handed metamaterials fabricated by using tree-shaped fractal

<正>A method of fabricating dual-band left-handed metematerials(LHMs) is investigated numerically and experimentally by single-sided tree-like fractals.The resulting structure features multiband magnetic resonances and two electric resonances.By appropriately adjusting the dimensions,two left-handed(LH) bands with simultaneous negative permittivity and permeability are engineered and are validated by full-wave eigenmode analysis and measurement as well in the microwave frequency range.To study the multi-resonant mechanism in depth,the LHM is analysed from three different perspectives of field distribution analysis,circuit model analysis,and geometrical parameters evaluation.The derived formulae are consistent with all simulated results and resulting electromagnetic phenomena,indicating the effectiveness of the established theory.The method provides an alternative to the design of multi-band LHM and has the advantage of not requiring two individual resonant particles and electrically continuous wires,which in turn facilitates planar design and considerably simplifies the fabrication.     

一种用于60 GHz通信的S型结构左手材料的设计

基于对S型结构的理论分析,将中心频率设置为60 GHz,通过合理的改变单元结构中相应的尺寸以实现所需电谐振和磁谐振频率,并且经过优化以实现负介电常量和负磁导率的重合频段尽可能理想. 运用反演参量提取方法进行电磁参量提取,可以得到本设计在58.1~61.4 GHz频段内其ε和μ同时为负,即左手频段. 分析散射参量的仿真结果,在58~62 GHz频段内S₂₁大于-3 dB,在59.8~60.4 GHz频段内,S₁₁小于-20 dB,因此该设计结果可以运用于60 GHz通信滤波器和天线等器件的研究与设计.     

一种基于超材料的宽带、反射型90°极化旋转体设计

根据各向异性媒质理论, 设计了一种宽带、反射型超材料极化旋转体, 能够将线极化波极化方向旋转90°, 极化转化率大于90%的工作带宽为5.5–14.5 GHz. 该极化旋转体由两层介质板、金属双开口谐振环和金属底板周期排列构成, 具有各向异性的特点, 单元两对角线方向的电场分量反射系数相同, 反射相位相差180°, 导致其极化旋转特性. 利用表面电流分布图, 分析不同极化波入射时该极化旋转体的谐振状态, 实验和仿真结果符合较好. 该极化旋转体在新型天线设计和隐身技术等方面具有广阔的应用前景.     

异向介质谐振响应的Floquet模分析

将开口谐振环单元的场分布利用Floquet模展开,从电磁波传播角度揭示了凋落模引起异向介质谐振响应的事实.数值计算了任意平面电磁波照射下异向介质的传输特性.研究表明,对于来自主平面上的垂直或平行极化的入射波,具有相同极化方式的Floquet透射模将发生谐振,并且磁谐振和电谐振将随着入射角的不同而改变.而对于来自其他入射平面的电磁波,两种极化的Floquet透射模将共同发生谐振. 关键词： 开口谐振环 异向介质 Floquet模 谐振     

The Enhanced Second‐Harmonic Generation Based on Magnetic‐Lorentz‐Force Effect

Electromagnetic coupling generates a second‐harmonic signal via the magnetic component of Lorentz force of free electrons. In this work, the enhancement of artificial second‐harmonic generation (SHG) from plasmonic metamaterial with near‐field electromagnetic coupling is theoretically investigated by performing numerical simulations in both frequency and time domains. Simulation results demonstrate that a small gap between the near‐field electric dipole and magnetic resonators could increase the electromagnetic coupling and the SHG signal. In addition, the longer the near‐field electric dipole resonator, the stronger the SHG signal emits. By tuning the geometrical parameters, it has been verified that near‐field electromagnetic coupling results in enhancement of magnetic resonance, thereby improving the SHG signal by more than 3.4 times. This research paves a way toward the design of artificial nonlinearity with metamaterials.     

双通带异向平板波导的特性

提出了一种基于平板波导的新型异向谐振结构——交叉椅型谐振结构,通过理论分析和数值计算,说明和验证了单个交叉椅型谐振结构加载的平板波导具有双通带特性和异向特性;设计了一种由多个交叉椅型谐振结构周期加载的异向平板波导结构,并通过仿真实验验证了其负折射特性。交叉椅型谐振结构的全金属半封闭式结构和其特殊的电磁谐振方式,使得此类2维异向平板波导与传统的由金属开口谐振环与金属线正交阵列而成的2维异向介质相比,具有双通带、无介质损耗、功率容量大等特异性质;单个交叉椅型谐振结构加载的平板波导作为一种新型的滤波器结构,具有良好的双通带特性,尺寸较小。     

All-dielectric left-handed metamaterial based on dielectric resonator: design, simulation and experiment

Dipoles with Lorentz-type resonant electromagnetic responses can realise negative effective parameters in their negative resonant region. The electric dipole and magnetic dipole can realise, respectively, negative permittivity and negative permeability, so both the field distribution forms of electric and magnetic dipoles are fundamentals in designing left-handed metamaterial. Based on this principle, this paper studies the field distribution in high-permittivity dielectric materials. The field distributions at different resonant modes are analysed based on the dielectric resonator theory. The origination and influence factors of the electric and magnetic dipoles are confirmed. Numerical simulations indicate that by combining dielectric cubes with different sizes, the electric resonance frequency and magnetic resonance frequency can be superposed. Finally, experiments are carried out to verify the feasibility of all-dielectric left-handed metamaterial composed by this means.     

基于电谐振单元的超介质吸波材料及矩形波导匹配终端应用研究

针对在自由空间中测试超介质吸波材料的高复杂性及高成本特点, 实验研究了4种由电谐振单元构成的超介质吸波材料在X波段(8–12 GHz)矩形波导里的吸波性能. 实验结果表明, 此4种吸波材料在终端短路的矩形波导里显示出与其在自由空间中相似的吸波性能及吸波机理.据此, 进一步研究了基于超介质吸波材料的矩形波导匹配终端应用. 分析结果显示, 此种新型匹配终端具有结构紧凑、工作频段可简单控制、成本低等优点. 通过展宽超介质吸波材料的吸波频段可设计出宽频带的矩形波导匹配终端. 关键词： 电谐振单元 超介质 吸波材料 匹配终端     

基于介质谐振器原理的左手材料设计

本文通过对高介电常数介质基于介质谐振器理论进行分析,明确了利用高介电常数介质产生负介电常数或负磁导率的途径在于介质中产生具有Lorentz谐振形式的电磁响应的电偶极子或磁偶极子,指出了这种偶极子的产生来源于电磁波在介质中形成的驻波,而左手通带的形成正是由于电偶极子和磁偶极子之间的相互影响,破坏了驻波形成的条件所实现的. 模拟结果表明,通过将尺寸相同,介电常数不同的介质进行组合,使二者电谐振和磁谐振的频率点重合从而实现左手通带,最后利用高介电常数,低损耗的陶瓷进行样品制作并测试,测试结果证实了基于这一原理实 关键词： 全介质左手材料 介质谐振器 磁偶极子 电偶极子     

基于非分裂FDTD的左手介质电磁特性的研究

为验证左手介质的电磁特性,采用非分裂时域有限差分方法对左手介质的Drude模型进行建模.这种方法不需要对电场和磁场进行分裂,也不需要对PML空间进行特殊处理,吸收边界PML和工作空间可以通过参数转换来完成,并且构造的PML层为有耗介质,进入PML层的透射波将迅速衰减.它是一种准确而有效的分析色散和各向异性介质的方法,通过此方法有效地验证了左手介质的负折射效应、汇聚效应、相位补偿效应,充分验证了左手介质及其反常特性的存在性和此方法分析左手介质的有效性. 关键词： 左手介质 非分裂 时域有限差分 Drude     

基于超材料的微波双波段吸收器

基于闭合双环单元结构, 设计、仿真、测试了对偏振无依赖性的双波段超材料吸收器. 实验结果表明, 该设计在频率4.06 GHz和6.66 GHz存在两个显著吸收峰, 吸收率分别为99.60%和95.83%, 并且在入射角达到50°时, 吸收率仍然保持在83%以上. 由于单元结构具有旋转对称性, 使得该吸收器对偏振不敏感, 能同时实现横电波和横磁波的双波段吸收. 吸收频率决定于闭合环大小, 调节闭合环尺寸能够灵活实现特定频率的吸收. 这些优点使我们的设计在多频谱成像、热辐射探测等应用中表现出较大的潜力.     

An ultra-thin acoustic metasurface with multiply resonant units

In this paper, we propose an ultra-thin acoustic metasurface constructed of multiply resonant units to manipulate reflected wavefront. As a counterpart to the Helmholtz resonator (with monopolar resonance) and membrane-type resonator (with dipolar resonance), the multiply resonator are used in metamaterials to induce strong quadrupolar resonance. Here we use the multiply resonator as a new kind of building blocks to make acoustic metasurfaces. The used multiply resonant unit is composed of solid materials, and the acoustic metasurface can work in a water background. We demonstrate that the proposed acoustic metasurface achieves good performance in anomalous reflection, focusing, and carpet cloaking. The thickness of the acoustic metasurface is about two orders of magnitude smaller than the acoustic wavelength in water. A design of unit group is further proposed to avoid the phase discretization becoming too fine in such a long-wavelength condition.     

新型电谐振人工异向介质抑制阵列天线单元间互耦

基于电谐振原理和镜像原理设计了一种周期性接地边耦合SRRs(split ring resonators)结构的新型电谐振人工异向介质,进而将该人工异向介质应用于抑制微带阵列天线元间的互耦.与传统微带阵列天线中的用于抑制互耦的电磁结构相比,该人工电磁结构不仅体积小(厚度仅为0·005λ0),而且能获得优异的阵列单元间互耦抑制性能(抑制度达16·8dB).该研究成果表明人工异向介质在高密度高性能微带天线阵列设计中具有良好的应用潜能.     

TE and TM defective bands splitting in one-dimensional coupled cavity waveguides

Transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) defective bands will split with different incident angles (wave-vectors) in the one-dimensional coupled cavity waveguide. Different defective band properties are shown, including the shift of pass-band frequency and the variation of defective band width resulting from different localization properties of the electric field in the defective layer. The critical splitting angle, at which splitting of the TE and TM defective bands emerges, will decrease with increasing dielectric index of the defective layer.     

Numerical analysis of propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in lossy left-handed material media

The propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave in lossy left-handed materials (LHM) are studied using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method base on auxiliary differential equation (ADE) technology. The LHM medium is realized with lossy Drude models for both the negative electric permittivity and the negative magnetic permeability. The discretized ADE-FDTD equations are derived in detail. The incident wave used in the simulation is a multiple cycle m-n-m pulses source. The term of Poynting's vector E_xH_y was calculated. These numerical results demonstrate conclusively that the phase velocity direction of electromagnetic wave propagation and the direction of the Poynting vectors are anti-parallel in LHM. The amplitude of electric field is reduced with the enhancive distance of LHM slab. It is also demonstrated that the energy of electromagnetic wave in the LHM slab is obviously attenuated, and the attenuation of energy becomes stronger with the angular plasma frequency ω_p increasing. These results indicate that LHM stealth is effective in theory, and reasonable selection of the large negative index of refraction can greatly enhance its effectiveness.