500 nm带宽啁啾镜对的设计与应用

设计了中心波长在825 nm、有效带宽在600 nm～1100 nm的超宽带啁啾镜对,色散补偿量目标值为-100 fs2。配对设计的啁啾镜对有效抑制了单个啁啾镜的色散振荡,啁啾镜对色散振荡幅度的最大值为50 fs2,用设计制作的啁啾镜对进行色散补偿,用频率分辨光学开关测量装置对脉冲进行测量。将10.3 fs的超短脉冲通过0.5 mm厚的LBO晶体,色散效应导致脉冲展宽,半峰值处的全宽度为39.6 fs,实验结果表明,经过啁啾镜对一次色散补偿后的脉冲形状,半峰值处得全宽度为11.6 fs;脉冲经过2次补偿后,脉冲被压缩到10.7 fs。     

飞秒激光器中超宽带色散补偿啁啾镜对的设计

根据设计目标和制备要求, 以双啁啾作为啁啾镜膜系初始结构设计方法, 详细分析了双啁啾调制系数以及双啁啾层数对啁啾镜反射特性和色散特性的影响, 确立了两者之间的最佳取值组合. 利用分析结果设计了单个啁啾镜, 并实现了啁啾镜的配对设计, 获得了600–1050 nm范围内反射率大于99.5%, 平均群延迟色散-40 fs², 振荡小于± 20 fs²的啁啾镜对, 满足了钛宝石飞秒激光系统的色散补偿要求. 关键词： 超快激光 色散补偿薄膜 双啁啾镜 啁啾镜对     

基于多层膜系传输矩阵理论的双啁啾镜设计与实验

把光在多层膜中传输的矩阵理论应用于双啁啾镜的设计。理论分析结果表明设计的双啁啾镜可以对波长从600 nm到1 100 nm波段范围的色散进行补偿,每次可以实现-100 fs2的色散补偿量,而且双啁啾镜可以有效降低单镜色散补偿中的寄生振荡。用设计制造的双啁啾镜进行了实验测试,用双啁啾镜对畸变脉冲进行色散补偿,实验结果表明:经过两次色散补偿可以将脉冲还原至初始状态,而过量的负色散又将脉冲重新展宽。     

宽带啁啾镜对的设计和制备

设计了中心波长800 nm带宽约500 nm的啁啾镜对, 在550–1050 nm波长范围内提供约-60 fs²群延迟色散(group delay dispersion, GDD), 通过啁啾镜对的形式使GDD振荡波纹由单个啁啾镜的±100 fs²减小到±20 fs². 采用双射频离子束溅射方法进行制备, 用白光干涉仪进行色散性能测试, 从测试结果可以看出, 制备的啁啾镜的反射率、GDD性能和设计值符合得比较好. 制备出的550–1050 nm超宽带啁啾镜对在钛宝石激光器腔外进行色散补偿, 原输入脉冲由24–27 fs压缩到12 fs, 这是国产超宽带啁啾镜对的首次应用. 关键词： 超快激光 啁啾镜对 群延迟色散 色散补偿     

高斯脉冲在半导体光放大器中传输的解析表征

采用解析方法,在考虑材料损耗和色散的情况下,详细研究了无啁啾高斯脉冲和啁啾高斯脉冲在半导体光放大器中传输的物理过程,分析了强度增益、脉冲宽度和频率啁啾与线宽增强因子、色散系数、小信号增益特征参数及初始啁啾之间的关系。结果表明:当输入变换极限的高斯脉冲时,色散会引起增益压缩,脉冲展宽和频率啁啾;同样情况下,线宽增强因子越大,脉宽加宽越明显,输出脉冲啁啾越大,且随着线宽增强因子的增大,输出脉冲啁啾极大值向特征参数值较小的一边移动。当输入啁啾高斯脉冲时,初始脉冲啁啾越大,增益压缩越明显,啁啾系数为正时,脉冲单纯展宽,输出啁啾随特征参数的增大而逐渐减小,啁啾系数为负时,初始啁啾与群速度色散导致的啁啾相互竞争,致使脉冲先被压缩后被展宽;脉冲最窄处对应的特征参数随线宽增强因子的增大而先增大后减小,输出啁啾随特征参数的增大而经历振荡后趋于平稳。     

钛宝石激光器9.5 fs脉冲输出中的啁啾镜色散补偿

根据钛宝石激光器的要求,实验设计了中心波长800 nm带宽200 nm的啁啾镜,在700—900 nm波长范围内提供约-60 fs²群延迟色散(group delay dispersion,GDD).采用双射频离子束溅射方法进行制备,用实验室搭建的白光干涉仪进行色散性能测试,从测试结果可以看出,制备的啁啾镜的性能和设计值符合得比较好.制备得到的非成对啁啾镜在钛宝石激光谐振腔中进行色散补偿,锁模后分别获得了12 fs和9.5 fs的激光脉冲输出.这是目前报道的使用国产啁啾镜获得的最短的 关键词： 啁啾镜 群延迟色散 色散补偿 钛宝石激光器     

硅基光波导中啁啾高斯脉冲在反常色散区的传输特性

本文利用激光脉冲在硅基光波导(SOI)中传播时满足的非线性薛定谔方程,采用分步傅里叶变换,数值模拟了硅基光波导中啁啾高斯脉冲在反常色散区的传播特性.通过模拟发现,三阶色散正负主要决定了脉冲的振荡波形性质,克尔效应与双光子吸收对脉冲波形起调制作用,自由载流子效应则可以忽略.初始啁啾参数的正负存在影响了脉冲的振荡强弱变化和脉冲中心的漂移的趋势,并且无论是正啁啾还是负啁啾,脉冲振荡与漂移都随着啁啾的增大而更加剧烈,同时啁啾正向增大与负向增大,都将导致脉冲展宽越严重致主峰峰值越低.     

反常色散区高阶色散对啁啾演变的影响

在单模光纤反常色散区，首次推出了带有初始啁啾的高斯脉冲在二阶，三阶速度色散效作用产生的啁啾解析表达式，用数值法模拟了光纤中啁啾演变过程，研究结果表明，二阶，三阶色散导致非线性啁啾，三阶色散只在脉冲沿附产生啁啾极值，从而使脉冲在前后沿产生振荡结构，当具有负初始啁呼的高斯脉冲入射时，在脉冲中心小区域内净啁啾等于零，可形成孤子。     

啁啾光纤光栅的温度调谐特性研究EI北大核心CSCD

根据啁啾光纤光栅的温度可调谐性这一原理,提出通过控制啁啾光纤光栅的温度,改变其色散量,从而获得最小输出脉宽的方案,并通过实验验证了这一想法的可行性。利用啁啾光纤光栅作为啁啾脉冲放大(CPA)系统中的脉冲展宽器,用空间光栅对作为脉冲压缩器,通过压缩器为脉冲提供的负色散来补偿展宽器为脉冲引入的正色散。利用自相关仪测量压缩输出脉冲宽度随温度的变化情况,间接反映啁啾光纤光栅色散量随温度的变化情况。从实验所得数据可以得知,当温度从-7℃上升到50℃时,脉宽从1057fs先下降到764fs后又上升到910fs,共变化了439fs。在此过程中,随温度的上升,啁啾光纤光栅的色散由补偿不足变为过补偿。     

色散阶变光纤正常色散区啁啾演变特性之讨论

利用傅里叶变换法得到了色散阶变光纤正常色散区群速度色散导致啁啾的解析表达式;而且,采用数值法模拟了色散阶变光纤正常色散区啁啾演变过程。结果表明:色散阶变光纤中啁啾以色散缓变光纤中啁啾为中心跳跃式变化,但远小于常规光纤中啁啾。选择合适入射脉冲初始啁啾会使净啁啾等于零,从而形成暗孤子。     

Integrative optimization of chirped mirrors for intracavity dispersion compensation

A new integrative optimization of three chirped mirrors for precise broadband intracavity group delay dispersion compensation in ring cavity is proposed. Simulation demonstrates that the residual group delay dispersion ripples of these three chirped mirrors are less than 25 fs² for most of the wavelengths from 600 to 1200 nm. Pulse evolution simulation shows that these three matched chirped mirrors compensate the group delay dispersion in the Ti:Sapphire ring cavity laser well to obtain an octave-spanning spectrum.     

Back-side-coated chirped mirrors with ultra-smooth broadband dispersion characteristics

We demonstrate a new technique for the design of chirped mirrors with extremely smooth dispersion characteristics over an extended ultra-broadband wavelength range. Our approach suppresses spectral dispersion oscillations, which can lead to unwanted strong spectral modulations and limit the bandwidth of mode-locked laser pulses. Dispersion oscillations are significantly reduced by coating the chirped mirror structure on the back side of a substrate, providing ideal impedance matching between coating and ambient medium. An anti-reflection coating may be added on the front side of the substrate, geometrically separated from the chirped mirror. The chirped mirror structure and the anti-reflection coating are non-interfering and can be independently designed and optimized. The separation of both coating sections provides a much better solution for the impedance-matching problems than previous approaches to chirped mirror design. We show by a theoretical analysis and numerical simulations that minimum dispersion oscillations are achieved if the index of the substrate is identical to the index of one of the coating materials and if double-chirping is used for the chirped mirror structure. Based on this analysis, we design a mirror that supports a bandwidth of 220 THz with group delay dispersion oscillations of about 2 fs² (rms), an order-of magnitude improvement compared to previous designs of similar bandwidth. In a first experimental demonstration of back-side-coated (BASIC) mirrors, we achieve nearly transform-limited and virtually unchirped pulses of 5.8 fs duration from a Kerr-lens mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. BASIC mirrors are particularly suited for higher-order dispersion compensation schemes. They support the extremely broad spectra of few-cycle pulses and promise to provide clean pulse shapes in this regime. Received: 19 April 2000 / Published online: 6 September 2000     

钛宝石激光器中用优化Gires-Tournois镜产生15 fs脉冲

根据飞秒脉冲锁模钛宝石激光器脉冲压缩的要求,介绍了负色散镜补偿色散的基本原理及其特点。详细阐述了优化Gires-Tournois(OG-T)镜的设计过程,并通过计算机优化得到理想设计膜系。采用离子束溅射的方法镀制了优化Gires—Tournois镜。测量了优化Gires-Tournois镜(编号为OGT#1)的透射率和群延迟色散,并与设计值进行了比较,分析了实测值产生偏差的原因,从而对镀膜参量进行了相应的调整,制造了第二批优化Gires—Tournois镜(编号为OGT#2)。将优化Gires—Tournois镜用于钛宝石激光器振荡级内,单程5次通过三个优化Gires-Tournois镜,补偿了激光器腔内色散,实现了飞秒锁模脉冲运转。用OGT#1先进行了实验,获得32fs的脉冲和46nin的光谱宽度。用调整参量后的OGT#2进行了实验,获得了15fs的超短脉冲和91nm的光谱宽度。实验很好的验证了负色散镜补偿色散的优点,为国内啁啾镜的研制创造了条件。     

基于白光干涉测量色散补偿薄膜的群延迟色散

为精确测量超快激光色散补偿薄膜的群延迟色散,提出了一种基于窗口傅里叶变换和样条插值去噪算法的新型白光干涉测量方案。计算机模拟表明此方法测试精度可达0.58fs2。分析了高斯噪声和光强平均效应对测试精度的影响,并使用此方法对实验制备的Gires-Tournois干涉反射镜和啁啾镜进行了测试,在宽光谱范围内测试误差小于10fs2。该方法相比其他算法可以更快速、更精确地实现薄膜相位信息的提取,具有更高的测试精度和实用性。     

Mirror-dispersion-controlled OPA: a compact tool for sub-10-fs spectroscopy in the visible

We report on a sub-10-fs optical parametric amplifier in the visible, using noncollinear phase matching in #-barium borate, with a pulse compressor made exclusively of chirped dielectric mirrors. We employ mirrors of novel design, providing negative group delay dispersion for bandwidths of over 200 THz, up to the blue-green spectral region. The resulting setup, compact, easy to operate and reliable, is an ideal tool for ultrafast spectroscopy with extremely high time resolution. We use these pulses to observe in the time domain coherent oscillations in organic molecules with period as short as 16 fs.     

Negative dispersion mirrors for dispersion control in femtosecond lasers: chirped dielectric mirrors and multi-cavity Gires-Tournois interferometers

Chirped dielectric laser mirrors have been known for years as useful devices for broadband feedback and dispersion control in femtosecond pulse lasers. First we present a novel design technique referred to as frequency domain synthesis of chirped mirrors. These mirrors exhibit high reflectivity and nearly constant group delay over 150 THz supporting generation of sub-5-fs pulses in the visible. Afterwards, multi-cavity thin-film Gires-Tournois interferometers are introduced for the first time as an alternative approach to realize "negative dispersion mirrors". These novel dielectric high reflectors exhibit reflectivities R>99.97% and a negative group delay dispersion of ⫆ǃ fs² over a bandwidth of 56 THz. Dispersive properties originate from coupled resonances in multiple 5/2 cavities embedded in the layer structure. The general structure and performance of multi-cavity Gires-Tournois interferometers are compared to that of chirped dielectic mirrors and their distinct applications are discussed.     

Mirror-dispersion-controlled sub-10-fs optical parametric amplifier in the visible

Pulses from an optical parametric amplifier in the visible are compressed to sub-10-fs duration by a delay line made exclusively from chirped dielectric mirrors. We employ what we believe are the first ultrabroadband visible chirped mirrors, which provide negative group-delay dispersion up to the blue-green spectral region. The setup is compact and reliable, and we used it to observe, for what is to our knowledge the first time in organic molecules, coherent oscillations with periods as short as 16 fs.