基于视差和串扰的自由立体显示器视疲劳预测

针对观看自由立体显示器存在人眼焦点调节和集合不一致的根本生理问题,及观看时间稍长将引起立体观看视疲劳,甚至危害视觉健康的问题。提出了一种对自由立体显示器视疲劳程度进行预测的方法,由三个不同的立体观看视疲劳参数——视差值、视频帧率和串扰度组合得到27段立体测试视频,让观看者观看这些视频得到主观评价数据,采用多元线性回归的统计方法处理评价数据确定了自由立体显示器视疲劳的多元线性回归模型,并根据此模型对待评估立体视频的视疲劳程度进行有效预测。这种方法避免了反复的主客观评价对视觉系统的危害,减少主客观评价信息收集的复杂性。最重要的是,该模型能快速预测自由立体显示器视疲劳程度。     

自由立体显示器观看者瞳孔直径与视疲劳关系

提出了一种通过测量瞳孔直径来判断自由立体显示器观看视疲劳程度的方法,并且建立了一种瞳孔直径的测量装置.该装置可在连续播放立体视频时记录观看者的瞳孔直径.通过观看者的主观评价得出视疲劳程度随着观看时间的增加而加剧,同时实验表明观看者瞳孔直径也随着观看时间的增加而变大,由此可得出将瞳孔直径作为一种新的视疲劳度量指标.当观看者的视疲劳处于中等水平时,观看者的瞳孔直径变化量为0.4 mm,可将该值确定为观看舒适度的临界值.     

自由立体显示器观看者瞳孔直径与视疲劳关系

提出了一种通过测量瞳孔直径来判断自由立体显示器观看视疲劳程度的方法,并且建立了一种瞳孔直径的测量装置.该装置可在连续播放立体视频时记录观看者的瞳孔直径.通过观看者的主观评价得出视疲劳程度随着观看时间的增加而加剧,同时实验表明观看者瞳孔直径也随着观看时间的增加而变大,由此可得出将瞳孔直径作为一种新的视疲劳度量指标.当观看...     

基于视觉显著性的立体显示图像深度调整

基于双目视差的立体显示系统中,不恰当的图像景深分布是引起视疲劳的主要原因,因此提出一种新颖的立体深度调整方法以提高立体显示观看视觉舒适度。该方法以原始立体图像作为输入,应用图像谱残差提取的方法获得立体图像的视觉显著性,结合特定的观看条件建立视疲劳指标模型,获取特定图像在特定观看条件下的最佳零视差平面(ZDP)。根据最佳ZDP对原始输入左右视图进行视差调整,从而获得视疲劳指标最小的立体图像。为了进一步验证该方法对立体显示视觉舒适度的提升效果,设计并完成了相应的视觉感知实验。实验结果表明,该方法显著提高了立体显示观看舒适度。     

亮度优化立体视频视觉舒适度评价

结合立体视频帧左右视图的灰度图,采用鲁棒性算法与软剪刀算法相结合的"画笔"方案来提取立体视频帧的前景区域,合成视差图并提取水平视差,计算深度视差;根据主观评价结果建立视差深度-视觉舒适度模型,再结合亮度对视觉舒适度的评价模型进行优化,使模型的评分更接近人类视觉系统的评分;结合人类主观评价实验的结果,用逆向代入法求出模型的系数确定模型,最终实现基于人类视觉系统特性的对立体视频视觉舒适度的评价。实验结果表明:通过视觉舒适度模型计算得到的结果与人类主观评价结果之间的误差率不超过5%,其中大部分视频误差率不超过1%。说明评价模型更符合人类主观感知结果的立体视频视觉舒适度,模型评分更接近人类视觉系统特性的主观实验评分,这为立体视频舒适度的评价提供了参考。     

基于显著区域的立体图像舒适视差范围研究

视差是影响立体内容视觉舒适度的主要因素之一。结合视觉显著特性,通过大量主观实验研究视差因素对立体图像舒适度的影响,得到舒适视差的定量范围。首先,利用立体显著区域提取算法获得显著立体图像,并用眼动仪验证其合理性;然后,采用像素平移法对显著立体图像进行视差变换,得到实验素材,进行主观实验;最后,处理实验数据,得到舒适视差的定量范围。结果表明,人眼对水平视差和垂直视差的舒适度响应差异很大,水平视差舒适范围为(-0.379°,0.644°),而可接受的垂直视差范围为(-0.10°,0.11°)。验证实验的正确率在90%以上,表明所得舒适视差范围很好地反映了立体图像的主观舒适度,能为立体内容的制作提供更符合人眼视觉特性的定量标准。     

基于立体图像感兴趣区域及对比度的舒适度评价模型

针对立体图像舒适度难以有效地进行客观评价的问题,结合人眼视觉注意机制,提出了基于区域对比度的舒适度评价模型.根据显著图与视差图提取感兴趣区域作为前景区域;量化前景和后景区域颜色空间,估计空间加权区域对比度,计算前景区域视差角、宽度角;根据主观评价值利用最小二乘法拟合曲线得出客观评价模型.对比视差+宽度模型可知,模型预测值与主观评价值的Pearson相关系数、Kendall相关系数较原模型分别提高了8.1%、3.9%,且平均绝对值误差减小了13%,均方根误差减小了22.1%.本文模型的普适性更优,结果更接近主观评价值.     

结合Levenberg-Marquardt算法的垂直视差消减方法

垂直视差的存在是影响立体视频观视舒适度的主要因素。为了在不影响水平视差的条件下实现对垂直视差的消减,本文引入Levenberg-Marquardt(L-M)非线性算法实现变换矩阵的精确求解。首先用抗缩放、旋转及仿射变换的SIFT(Scale-invariant feature transform)特征匹配算法检测出双目图像对的特征匹配点,然后根据匹配点的坐标位置运用L-M算法计算可消减垂直视差的变换矩阵,将变换矩阵作用于目标图像,计算出该视图每个像素点的新坐标位置。实验结果表明:与利用线性算法求解二维射影变换矩阵的垂直视差消减方法相比,本文提出的求解方法在垂直视差消减上比该算法提高了约0.029 1~0.323 2个像素,对水平视差的影响比该算法降低了约0.118 7~1.139 1个像素。因此本文提出的方法对垂直视差的消减起到了优化作用。     

基于计算机视觉的平视显示器视差测量方法的研究

针对平视显示器的视差测量要求,在分析各种传统检测方法的基础上,提出了一种利用CCD和数字图像处理技术相结合的基于计算机视觉的视差自动测量方法。详细论述了该方法的测量原理,推导并建立了视差角与离焦量的关系,对该测量装置的光学系统进行了合理设计,并对后期图像处理和分析进行了具体研究。该方法利用CCD取代人眼的主观判读,测量精度在30″以内,具有快速准确、定量直观等特点,大大提高了平视显示器的调校精度和效率。     

体视图及其计算机生成

 有多种方法从平面图片得到逼真的立体感,如全息照片、双筒体视镜、红绿体视图、立体电影、三维幻视图等.除了全息照片是在重现时通过衍射重现出真实存在的物光波之外,其他方法都是利用双眼的视差效应     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.