Fe2-xYxMo3O12系列材料的相变及负膨胀性研究

本文对Fe2-xYx(MoO4)3(x=0.0,0.2,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.8,1.0,1.2,1.4,1.6,1.8,2.0)系列材料的相变及负膨胀性能进行了研究.通过对Fe2-xYx( MoO4)3系列材料的XRD和拉曼谱的分析发现,当x≤0.4时Fe2-xYxMo3O12在常温下是单斜结构;当x≥0.5时...     

Gas-sensor property of single-molecule device:F_2 adsorbing effect

The single thiolated arylethynylene molecule with 9,10-dihydroanthracene core(denoted as TADHA) possesses pronounced negative differential conductance(NDC) behavior at lower bias regime. The adsorption effects of F_2 molecule on the current and NDC behavior of TADHA molecular junctions are studied by applying non-equilibrium Green's formalism combined with density functional theory. The numerical results show that the F_2 molecule adsorbed on the benzene ring of TADHA molecule near the electrode can dramatically suppresses the current of TADHA molecular junction. When the F_2 molecule adsorbed on the conjugated segment of 9,10-dihydroanthracene core of TADHA molecule, an obviously asymmetric effect on the current curves induces the molecular system showing apparent rectifier behavior. However, the current especially the NDC behavior have been significantly enlarged when F_2 addition reacted with triple bond of TADHA molecule.     

Effects of W~(6+) occupying Sc~(3+) on the structure,vibration, and thermal expansion properties of scandium tungstate

We experimentally investigate effects of W~(6+)occupying the sites of Sc~(3+)in the unit cell of Sc_2 W_3 O_(12)(Sc_8 W_(12) O_(48))on the structure, vibration and thermal expansion. The composition and structure of the doped sample(Sc_6 W_2)W_(12) O_(48±δ)(with two W~(6+)occupying two sites of Sc~(3+)in the unit cell of Sc_8 W_(12) O_(48)) are analyzed and identified by combining the x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and the synchronous x-ray diffraction with first-principles calculations based on density functional theory. Results show that the crystal with even W~(6+)occupying even Sc~(3+)in the unit cell is stable and maintains the orthorhombic structure at room temperature. The structure of the doped sample is similar to that of Sc_2 W_3 O_(12), and with even W occupying even positions of Sc in the unit cell and constituting the WO_6 octahedra. Raman analyses show that the doped sample possesses stronger W–O bonds and wider Raman linewidths than those of Sc_2 W_3 O_(12). The sample doped with W also exhibits intrinsic negative thermal expansion in the measured range of 150 K–650 K.     

Thermal expansion properties of Lu2-xFexMo3O12

The structures and thermal expansion properties of Lu2-xFexMo3O12 have been investigated by X-ray diffraction(XRD).XRD patterns at room temperature indicate that compounds Lu2-xFexMo3O12 with x≤1.3 exhibit an orthorhombic structure with space group Pnca;compounds with x=1.5 and 1.7 have a monoclinic structure with space group P21/a.Studies on thermal expansion properties show that the linear thermal expansion coefficients of orthorhombic phase vary from negative to positive with increasing Fe content.Attempts to make zero thermal expansion materials indicate that zero thermal expansion can be observed in Lu1.3Fe0.7Mo3O12 in the temperature range of 200-400℃.     

超导材料Nb3Ge表面氧化

运用密度泛函理论计算了氧（O）在Nb3Ge表面的吸附,结果表明O倾向于吸附在Nb原子周围,并与Nb的电子轨道发生了明显的交叠,O与Nb形成兼具共价键和离子键特性的化学键。利用X射线光电子能谱对自然氧化的Nb3Ge表面进行成分分析发现:氧化层中只存在Nb的氧化物,理论计算结果与实验结果一致。由于O容易与Nb结合,最外层的Nb因逐渐氧化而耗尽,在接触势的驱使下,内部的Nb原子与最外层的Ge原子交换,最终使得Nb与O的形成氧化物在Nb3Ge表面聚集,在该氧化层下面是由于Nb的耗尽而形成的Ge聚集层。     

Nb掺杂对TiO2/NiTi界面电子结构影响的第一性原理计算

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理平面波超软赝势方法,计算了Nb掺杂对TiO₂/NiTi界面电子结构的影响.体系生成能的计算结果表明,4种TiO₂/NiTi界面结构中,NiTi中Ti原子和TiO₂中O原子相邻的界面,即Ti/O界面的生成能最大,结构最稳定.在Ti/O界面结构优化的基础上,态密度、电荷分布以及集居数的计算结果均表明：Nb原子取代界面上的Ti原子后,界面原子之间的结合力增强,且界面附近的基体和氧化层中原子之间的相互作用也增加,有利 关键词： NiTi金属间化合物 2/NiTi界面')" href="#">TiO₂/NiTi界面 电子结构 第一性原理计算     

Negative thermal expansion in framework compounds

We have studied negative thermal expansion (NTE) compounds with chemical compositions of NX₂O₈ and NX₂O₇ (N=Zr, Hf and X=W, Mo, V) and M₂O (M=Cu, Ag) using the techniques of inelastic neutron scattering and lattice dynamics. There is a large variation in the negative thermal expansion coefficients of these compounds. The inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been carried out using polycrystalline and single crystal samples at ambient pressure as well as at high pressures. Experimental data are useful to confirm the predictions made from our lattice dynamical calculations as well as to check the quality of the interatomic potentials developed by us. We have been able to successfully model the NTE behaviour of these compounds. Our studies show that unusual phonon softening of low energy modes is able to account for NTE in these compounds.      

High pressure behavior of ZrW2O8: Gruneisen parameter and thermal properties

High pressure Raman spectroscopic studies are carried out on negative thermal expansion material ZrW2O8. The system exhibits amorphization at 2.2+/-0.3 GPa via an intermediate orthorhombic phase. In the cubic phase most modes below 50 meV are found to have negative Gruneisen parameter. Using the reported phonon density of states thermal properties are calculated and compared with the reported results. In contrast to the earlier belief, the present results show that modes of energies much higher than 10 meV also contribute substantially to the negative thermal expansion.     

Si3Xn (X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇的密度泛函研究

使用密度泛函理论(DFT)的杂化密度泛函B3LYP方法在6-31G*基组水平上对Si3Xn(X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇各种可能的构型进行几何结构优化,预测了各团簇的最稳定结构.并对最稳定结构的电子结构、振动特性、成键特性和电荷特性等进行了理论研究.结果表明团簇的几何结构都是平面结构,通常Si3X2出现是Si-X键,较少出现X-X键;而Si3X中出现Si-X键和Si-Si键共存,Si3Xn(X=C,O,N;n=1,2)团簇的电荷布局分布表明这种电荷转移的作用使得团簇中所有X原子呈负电性,Si原子显正电性.处于不同位置的Si原子呈不同大小布局数,而且由于Si3X2的对称性,2个X负电性相同.     

正交相Fe2(MoO4)3的制备与表征及其负膨胀行为的第一性原理研究

采用水热合成法制备出Fe₂(MoO₄)₃样品, 并用高温X-射线衍射、热重和差示扫描量热同步热分析仪对其进行表征, 发现样品在510 ℃附近发生低温单斜相和高温正交相之间的可逆相变, 且正交相表现出负膨胀特征. 采用第一性原理计算了正交相Fe₂(MoO₄)₃ 的原子、电子结构以及声子谱、声子态密度, 并和可获得的实验结果进行了系统的比较. 结果显示正交相Fe₂(MoO₄)₃中MoO₄四面体较之FeO₆八面体具有更强的刚性. 发现最低频的光学支处具有最负的格林乃森(Grüneisen)系数, MoO₄四面体和FeO₆ 八面体相连的桥氧原子的横向振动、FeO₆八面体柔性扭曲转动以及MoO₄四面体的刚性翻转共同导致了Fe₂(MoO₄)₃负膨胀现象的发生.     

利用拉曼光谱分析冰Ih相的表面薄层的氢键结构

水是生活中一种最基本且最重要的物质,由于它的一些奇特性质和反常物性,得到了广泛的研究,而拉曼光谱是研究水分子结构的一种非常合适的方法,它通过获得分子的振动和转动信息来理解分子结构和分子间的相互作用。在常压下测量了-20～-190 ℃温度范围内冰Ih相的表面薄层的拉曼光谱,实验结果发现随温度降低,冰Ih相的O∶H范德瓦尔斯键向高波数方向移动,而O-H极性共价键向低波数方向移动;且拉曼频移与温度呈线性关系,通过对不同振动模式的斜率进行比较,判断其键长的伸缩变化关系,从而证明了冰Ih相密度随温度的减小而增大,采用氢键理论(结构)给予了解释。同时,发现在-150 ℃时,O-H键反对称伸缩振动模式和O∶H键振动模式的拉曼峰强发生了突变,这表明冰Ih相发生了相变--冰Ⅺ相(冰Ih的质子有序相)。     

Measuring the Universe: A Multiwavelength Perspective,by George H. Rieke

Under certain conditions water condensed into 20 μm diameter capillaries possesses anomalous density, viscosity, refractive properties, thermal expansion, supercooling properties and low vapour pressure. The success of attempts to isolate and manipulate pure ‘polywater’ has been questioned. Infra-red and laser-Raman spectroscopy yields spectra similar to bifluorides, and polyelectrolyte and other ‘structures’ have been proposed. A symmetrical sp² hybrid OHO hydrogen bond has been studied theoretically, with O O distance 2-3 Å contrasting with ～ 2.8 Å in ordinary water. The consequences of the presence of such a bond forming planar hexagon rings in orthodox water systems are discussed.     

具有负膨胀性能的磁性材料

文章综述了国内外近些年来在各种磁性材料研究中发现的具有显著异常热膨胀行为的磁性化合物,其中包括反钙钛矿结构类型的Mn3AX,Th2Zn17结构类型的R2Fe17-xMxCy和钙钛矿结构类型的R1-xAxMnO3等系列。运用磁学理论,定性分析了负膨胀产生机理,并从实际应用角度对今后此类材料的进一步研究提出了展望     

Effects of Al particles and thin layer on thermal expansion and conductivity of Al-Y_2Mo_3O_(12) cermets

Low thermal expansion composites are difficult to obtain by using Al with larger positive thermal expansion coefficient(TEC) and the materials with smaller negative TECs. In this investigation, Y_2Mo_3O_(12) with larger negative TEC is used to combine with Al to obtain a low thermal expansion composite with high conductivity. The TEC of Al is reduced by 19%for a ratio Al:Y_2Mo_3O_(12) of 0.3118. When the mass ratio of Al:Y_2Mo_3O_(12) increases to 2.0000, the conductivity of the composite increases so much that a transformation from capacitance to pure resistance appears. The results suggest that Y_2Mo_3O_(12) plays a dominant role in the composite for low content of Al(presenting isolate particles), while the content of Al increases enough to contact each other, the composite presents mainly the property of Al. For the effect of high content Al, it is considered that Al is squeezed out of the cermets during the uniaxial pressure process to form a thin layer on the surface.     

新型负热膨胀氧化物材料的研究

综述了这年来国际上兴起的氧化物ZrW2O8,Y2W3O12等新型负热膨胀材料的研究及其进展。对研究此类负热膨胀氧化物的重要性,其优异的负热膨胀性能以及它的结构特点、机制及可能的应用作了论述。建议我国加大此项课题的研究力度。     

负膨胀材料Zn(CN)_2和Cd(CN)_2的晶格振动分析

运用群论理论对负膨胀系数材料Zn(CN)2和Cd(CN)2的晶格振动进行了对称性分类,利用第一性原理密度泛函理论计算了它们布里渊区中心点的声子频率和Grüneisen参数,根据计算得到的各个模式所对应的本征矢对各个振动模式进行了指认,根据各模式Grüneisen参数讨论了负膨胀机理。在11个光学振动模式中,一个属于Zn/Cd原子的晶格振动模,位于223 cm-1/154 cm-1;5个属于C≡N刚性单元平移振动模;3个属于C≡N刚性单元天平动;2个属于C≡N刚性单元内振动。有7个振动模为拉曼活性,4个振动模为红外活性,两个振动模红外和拉曼均为非活性。C≡N刚性单元的3个低频平移振动模和全部天平动模的Grüneisen参数为负,对负热膨胀的产生有贡献,振动频率为47 cm-1的平移振动模具有最大的负Grüneisen参数,对负膨胀贡献最大。     

Zero thermal expansion in metal-organic framework with imidazole dicarboxylate ligands

Exploring new abnormal thermal expansion materials is important to understand the nature of thermal expansion. Metal-organic framework (MOF) with unique structure flexibility is an ideal material to study the thermal expansion. This work adopts the high-resolution variable-temperature powder x-ray diffraction to investigate the structure and intrinsic thermal expansion in Sr-MOF ([Sr(DMPhH₂IDC)₂]_n). It has the unique honeycomb structure with one-dimensional (1D) channels along the c-axis direction, the a-b plane displays layer structure. The thermal expansion behavior has strong relationship with the structure, ZTE appears in the a-b plane and large PTE along the c-axis direction. The possible mechanism is that the a/b layers have enough space for the transverse thermal vibration of polydentate ligands, while along the c-axis direction is not. This work not only reports one interesting zero thermal expansion material, but also provides new understanding for thermal expansion mechanism from the perspective of the structural model.     

一维硫酸镉-双咪唑配合物的合成、结构及谱学性质研究

采用水热合成的方法,得到一种新颖镉的配合物{[Cd(H2biim)2(SO4)].3H2O}n(1,H2biim=2,2’-biimidazole)。通过X-ray单晶衍射分析可知,在该化合物中,SO24-桥连Cd(Ⅱ)离子在c轴上形成"之"字形一维无机CdSO4链。双咪唑配体通过与镉的配位作为支链悬挂在链的两侧,链与链之间分别通过π—π堆积和氢键作用,拓展为三维超分子网络。二维红外相关光谱分析表明SO24-的对称伸缩振动及咪唑环上的N—C伸缩和反伸缩振动,以及NC伸缩振动对热微扰均有响应。稳态荧光分析显示,配合物在397nm光激发下,在498nm处出现了强的蓝光,该发射带归属为配体到金属的荷移跃迁。     

Unusual low-energy phonon dynamics in the negative thermal expansion compound ZrW2O8

An infrared study of the phonon spectra of ZrW2O8 as a function of temperature which includes the low-energy (2-10 meV) region relevant to negative thermal expansion is reported and discussed in the context of specific heat and neutron density of state results. The prevalence of infrared active phonons at low energy and their observed temperature dependence are highly unusual and indicative of exotic low-energy lattice dynamics. Eigenvector calculations indicate a mixing of librational and translational motion within each low-frequency IR mode. The role of the underconstrained structure in establishing the nature of these modes and the relationship between the IR spectra and the large negative thermal expansion in ZrW2O8 are discussed.     

Potential energy surfaces of ozone in the ground state

Equilibrium parameters of ozone, such as equilibrium geometry structure parameters, force constants and dissociation energy are presented by CBS-Q {\it ab initio} calculations. The calculated equilibrium geometry structure parameters and energy are in agreement with the corresponding experimental values. The potential energy function of ozone with a C离解能;空气;能量表面;地面ozone, potential energy surface, barrier, dissociation energyProject supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos~10376021 and 10676025), and the Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Education Department, China (Grant No~2006A131).2006-10-08Equilibrium parameters of ozone, such as equilibrium geometry structure parameters, force constants and dissociation energy are presented by CBS-Q ab initio calculations. The calculated equilibrium geometry structure parameters and energy are in agreement with the corresponding experimental values. The potential energy function of ozone with a C2v symmetry in the ground state is described by the simplified Sorbie-Murrell many-body expansion potential function according to the ozone molecule symmetry. The contour of bond stretching vibration potential of an O3 in the ground state, with a bond angle （θ） fixed, and the contour of O3 potential for O rotating around O1-O （R1）, with O1-O bond length taken as the one at equilibrium, are plotted. Moreover, the potentials are analysed.