新颖的微流控电调谐空间光开关

提出了一种微流控电调谐非机械空间光开关器件,该器件的基本形式为"光输入阵列+光交换空间+光输出阵列"的结构,采用"水/油/水"液体棱镜作为偏光控制单元.在特定电压范围(30～110V)内,通过电润湿效应作用的液体棱镜光束偏转角可在约-15°～15°之间连续可调.由此可构造多种平面甚至立体光开关阵列.     

一种基于聚合物材料的延迟线阵列与热光开关集成器件的设计

设计了一种基于聚合物材料的延迟线阵列与热光开关的集成器件.利用Rsoft软件设计并模拟了多模干涉热光开关的性能,可实现输出光场强度随电极加热温度变化.设计了螺旋结构的延迟线阵列,利用BPM软件对螺旋结构波导进行数值模拟,综合考虑器件尺寸和损耗参量设计出螺旋结构的弯曲半径.将延迟线阵列结构与热光开关进行集成,能够实现热光控制的聚合物延迟线阵列,该器件可实现的最大延迟时间为399.4ps,延迟间隔为9.2ps.以SiO2为下包层,SU-8紫外固化光刻胶为波导芯层,聚甲基丙烯酸甲脂为上包层,采用旋涂、光刻、湿法腐蚀等工艺制备了1×4延迟线阵列与MMI热光开关的集成器件,测试得到了延迟线阵列的近红外输出光斑,插入损耗为15~19dB.     

新一代星用多通道光导长波线列器件的多层陶瓷封装设计

介绍了红外杜瓦组件的总体封装形式并回顾了国内外的发展情况,对7通道长波光导线列器件在杜瓦瓶中的基板封装形式进行了研究,提出了三种基于厚膜工艺和薄膜工艺的陶瓷基板封装形式.其中,第一种“直接引线式封装”体积过大,第二种“陶瓷针型栅格阵列封装”形式缺少合适接插件,而第三种”分时分组封装”形式使用了薄膜和厚膜基板相键合分时读出的方式,不仅很好地解决了布线问题,而且能方便地使用柔性电缆将信号引出,系统性能要求得到满足.     

与偏振无关双向2×2和4×4自由空间光开关

利用成熟的偏振控制技术，设计了一种由偏振光分束器、相位型空间光调制器和反射镜构成的2×2光开关，该光开关所用器件少，具有结构简单紧凑、控制灵活方便、功能实现与信号光的偏振态无关以及可以双向交换等特点；在此基础上通过2×2光开关的串连，设计了一种与偏振无关的双向4×4光开关的实验模块，根据其路由选择与控制方法，得到了4×4光开关实现信号光全排列无阻塞输出与交换对应的路由状态表，并对该实验模块的功能实现进行了详细的分析与讨论。     

线性对称耦合器的几何表示

利用线性对称耦合器两个波导中光场的电矢量构建了布洛赫矢量模型.通过布洛赫矢量的旋转变化使得光在两个波导通道中“跃迁”的过程非常直观.研究发现,随着线性对称耦合器的相位失配变得越严重,光能量在波导间的转换频率增快且转换效率降低,与传统的求解线性对称耦合器耦合波方程所得到的结果是一致的.     

一种智能光网络中的亚毫秒光开关阵列

设计研制了一种亚毫秒级微机械光开关阵列.该阵列驱动电压为5V,开关时间小于750μs, 插入损耗在0.6 dB～0.8 dB之间,串扰<－70 dB.具有结构简单、成本低廉、可大规模集成的优点,能很好地解决智能光网络节点连接设备OADM快速信号转换和串扰问题.详细介绍了该光开关阵列实现原理,报告了器件性能测试,并应用FEA软件分析了开关单元中磁场和开关驱动过程.     

N × N集成光开关阵列模型

报道了由2N个1 × N 多模干涉马赫-曾德尔光开关组成的N × N光开关阵列结构,分析了这种结构的开关阵列优势和局限性.用场传输矩阵方法建立了1 × N多模干涉光开关的光场传输方程.给出了光开关阵列从任一输入端输入、从任一输出端输出时阵列开关的工作条件.在上述原理及理论基础上分析了4×4光开关阵列的结构和工作条件.     

非线性一维光子晶体光开关与光双稳

设计和制备了ZnS/ZnSe叠层共 2 0个周期的非线性一维光子晶体光开关与光双稳器件 理论模拟了波长 5 14 .5nm的氩离子激光 ,在阈值功率密度 1.0× 10 5W/cm2 下 ,完全移出光子禁带 ,实现了光开关 同一器件也可作为光学双稳器件 ,实验测出其阈值功率密度为 1.38× 10 5W/cm2 ,双稳开关时间为 10 0ps 理论与实验结果基本一致     

与偏振无关的1×4光开关

提出了一种基于折射棱镜与偏振无关的 1×4 光开关的设计及应用,主要介绍了该器件的结构、原理及误差分析,该器件采用一个单光纤准直器和两个双光纤准直器对光路进行耦合,并利用继电器带动折射棱镜灵活切换光路。该器件主要用于光网络系统之间的互联和光网络的保护、备份上,实验结果表明具有体积小、插损低、可靠性好等特点。     

掺半导体玻璃波导光栅耦合高速全光开关

非线性光学器件的主要应用目的之一是全光信号处理,非线性光波导象其它非线性光学器件一样,也已被广泛地应用于全光信号处理方面的研究,如人们已采用棱镜波导非线性分布耦合方式来实现全光限幅、全光开关和全光双稳等研究[1,2].在非线性光波导器件中,由于光被束缚在微米尺寸的光波导中传输,而大大增加了光功率密度,因此,在光与非线性光波导的相互作用过程中可以大幅度地降低非线性效应的阈值功率,提高全光信号处理的灵敏度.此外,非线性光波导器件的小型化、集成化等优点更吸引人们去进行深入的研究.     

GaAs1×4Mach－Zehnder型光开关列阵研究

采用非对称Ｘ结耦合器设计并研制了ＧａＡｓ１×４Ｍａｃｈ－Ｚｅｈｎｄｅｒ型光开关列阵。简述了非对称Ｘ结和相应的光开关列阵的工作原理及器件的设计和制作过程。在波长为１．１５μｍ的光波下测量单元器件，得到了小于－２０ｄＢ的串音和小于１２Ｖ的开关电压，器件的光波导传输损耗约为７ｄＢ／ｃｍ。文中最后分析了导致器件中串音和损耗的各因素，并提出了可能的改进方法     

Novel optical sensor for simultaneous measurement of liquid concentration and temperature

The paper describes a new optical sensor for simultaneous liquid concentration and temperature measurement. Temperature-dependent semiconductor absorption at the band edge is used as the principle of the temperature measurement, and the sensor exploits beam deviation caused by refraction due to the liquid concentration at the receiving end face of the optical device. The light intensity peak value and its deviation are detected by a charge-coupled device (CCD), and then the measured optical signal is reflected by a reflecting pyramid prism. The sensor probe is composed of an intrinsically pure GaAs single crystal, a reflecting pyramid prism, a partitioned water cell. Theoretical analysis and preliminary experimental results verify the feasibility of the proposed system.     

Application of WDM holographic devices in access and metro networks

In this paper, a design of a generic multipurpose device is described. It can operate, in its basic structure, as a tunable wavelength filter, wavelength multiplexer or λ router; by using a more complex structure, the device works as an optical add drop multiplexer (OADM) or/and optical switch (OS). It can be used in both coarse and dense wavelength division multiplexing technology (CWDM/DWDM) according to the network application. Performance parameters of the device, like switching time, losses, crosstalk or polarization insensitivity are analyzed and compared with other switching technologies. Some applications of the holographic WDM multifunction device in METRO networks are described, such as the utilization of OADMs in optical path protection/reconfiguration between nodes (1 + 1 configuration) and the use of optical switches to interconnect nodes of the METRO–access network with the METRO-Core or long haul networks in a reconfigurable topology. Other applications in Access networks are possible, like the use of the OADMs in optical path protection between the optical line termination (OLT) at the central office (CO) and the remote node (RN) in a fiber to the office passive-optical network (FTTO-PON) or, in some specific cases, the utilization as tuneable holographic filters in a FTTO application, at the Business ONT (BONT), to select the assigned optical wavelength according to the services provided to the customer.     

基于二维多模干涉效应的N×N光开关模型

报道了由两个N×N三维多模干涉耦合器和一段阵列相移波导组成的三维光开关.首先利用导模传输法分析了三维多模干涉耦合器的一般成像原理,并推导出了其成像位置以及相位矩阵.在此基础上,通过场传输矩阵法建立了光开关的传输方程.利用该传输方程计算得到了光开关工作时,阵列相移波导的相位条件,并通过三维有限差分光束传输法进行仿真验证,给出了光开关工作时的插损、串扰指标,以及光开关输出功率随相移波导相位变化的关系.     

AWG and EDFA based optical packet switch using feedback shared loop buffer memory

Optical packet switching provides high speed, data rate/format transparency, efficient use of bandwidth and flexibility. The major problem in the implementation of “all-optical” switching is contention which occurs when two or more packets arrive at the same time for the same destination. To resolve the contention, we have proposed an optical packet switch architecture based on WDM loop buffer memory in the feedback configuration. In that architecture, the contending packets are stored in a loop buffer module, and routed in the free time slots. The buffering duration in the recirculating loop is limited by a circulation limit. The analysis was been done to obtain the maximum number of allowed circulations. This paper proposes improved version of that optical packet switch architecture, to increase the number of maximum allowed circulations. The modification is done either by adding an extra erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) in the original switch or by replacing the core space switch with arrayed waveguide grating (AWG). The performance analysis has been done by the simulations.     

畴反转结构片状集成4×4电光开关的设计与仿真

基于铁电体畴反转结构的电光偏转特性,设计了一种片状集成的4×4电光开关,其由四个结构相同的半抛物和四个抛物形微小偏转器集成构成.通过优化抛物形偏转器结构,给出了电光开关的设计参量,电光开关性能通过光束传播法进行仿真模拟,仿真结果表明该开关切实可行.实际应用中,系统误差可以通过电场调节补偿,使光路准确交换.该片状电光开关的整体尺寸为48 mm×2.2 mm×0.5 mm(长×宽×高),最大使用电场约13.73 V/μm,适用于高速交换的光互连系统.     

A novel method of developing all-optical frequency encoded memory unit exploiting nonlinear switching character of semiconductor optical amplifier

The very fast running optical memory and optical logic gates are the basic building blocks for any optical computing data processing system. Realization of a very fast memory-cell in the optical domain is very challenging. In the last two decades many methods of implementing all-optical flip-flops have been proposed. Most of these suffer from speed limitation because of low switching response of the active devices. In our present communication the authors propose a method of developing a frequency encoded memory unit based on the switching action of semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Nonlinear polarization rotation characters of SOA and ‘SOA based Mach-Zehnder Interferometer’ switch, i.e. ‘SOA-MZI’ switch, are exploited for the purpose of some switching action with least switching power (<−3 dB_m) and high switching contrast ratio (20 dB). Here two logic states (‘0’ state and ‘1’ state) of the memory is encoded by two different frequencies, which will remain unchanged throughout the data communication irrespective of loss of light energy due to reflection, refraction, attenuation, etc. Though the SOA based switch runs with the operational speed 100 Gb/s, still due to the presence of the other optical components in the memory unit, the overall speed of the proposed system will come down to 10 Gb/s.     

Cosine bend-linear waveguide digital optical switch with parabolic heater

A new digital optical switch (DOS) with large branching angle and short device length that exhibits low crosstalk and low power consumption is demonstrated. The Y-branch shape was optimized by introducing constant effective refractive index difference between branches (ΔN_eff) along the propagation direction through beam propagation method (BPM) scheme. To provide decreasing local branching angle that results in the improvement of the crosstalk, two modified cosine bend was introduced to form the Y-branch. The modified cosine branch was then connected to a linear branch. The heater electrode was optimized so that the temperature fields induce a constant ΔN_eff to satisfy initial assumption in designing the Y-branch shape. With branching angle of 0.299° and device length of only 5 mm, the simulation shows that the device could exhibits crosstalk of −33 dB at calculated required power of only 26 mW.