A=190区奇奇核超形变带顺排涌动量的相加性

利用推转玻尔–莫特森模型指定的能级自旋,研究了A=190区奇奇核¹⁹⁴Tl和¹⁹⁶Bi超形变带的顺排角动量的相加性.¹⁹⁴Tl的6条超形变带中,有4条满足顺排角动量的相加性规则,而¹⁹⁶Bi的超形变带不满足这个规则.     

A～190区奇-A及奇奇核全同带的研究

应用包含单极对力及四极对力的粒子数守恒方法对A～190区的奇奇核¹⁹⁴Tl和奇A核¹⁹³Tl中的全同带进行了研究.结果发现堵塞效应对全同带的形成及转动惯量随角频率变化的微观机制都起着非常重要的作用.同时文中对¹⁹⁴Tl的6条超形变转动带相对于¹⁹³Tl(1)的角动量顺排i(ω)的量子化也做了研究.     

稀土核区三轴超形变全同带

系统地考察了稀土核区三轴超形变带的跃迁能量、角动量增量顺排和动力学转动惯量.研究表明这些三轴超形变带为全同带.     

超形变原子核全同带的判断与角动量增量顺排量子化

给出了一个新的从能量角度判断超形变带全同带的方法,并运用这种方法分析了100多条超形变带.给出了全同带数目随判断参数的变化关系.还引进了量子化区间的概念,从统计角度分析角动量增量顺排的量子化问题,得出了全同带增量顺排随判据加严而趋向于量子化的性质,而正常形变全同带则不具有这一性质.讨论了新方法与粒子转子模型之间的关系.     

超形变奇-奇核194Tl中的双堵塞效应

采用处理含有对力的推转壳模型的粒子数守恒方法研究了A～190区奇奇核194Tl中6条超形变带. 计算结果与实验符合得非常好. 根据我们的PNC计算结果,分别指定了194Tl的6条超形变带的组态,详细分析了质子和中子的堵塞效应对转动惯量的影响. 转动惯量随转动频率的变化主要来源于高N闯入壳(对中子N=7,对质子N=6)的贡献,而其他大壳对转动惯量的贡献基本上不随转动频率变化.     

从正常形变看超形变带角动量的确定

通过对正常形变基态转动带的研究,检验了用W-Z公式确定超形变带头角动量的方法,并与超形变带进行了对比.指出只要W-Z公式能很好地描述转动带(正常形变和超形变),同时跃迁能量灵敏地依赖于指定的角动量,由此确定的带头角动量都是正确的.     

超形变核态研究的进展

简单回顾了超形变(SD)核态的近期进展,着重介绍了SD转动带的唯象分析,包括SD带角动量的确定,运动学和动力学转动惯量随转动频率的变化及其相互关系等.给出了说明所谓"全同"SD带的一个可信的方案,与现有的微观理论计算是一致的.在此方案中毋需引进赝自旋顺排的概念.     

超形变原子核核结构实验研究

超形变原子核的研究是原子核结构领域的重要前沿。本文从实验研究的角度,讨论原子核超形变研究的主要进展,包括主要实验方法和实验发现、超形变带寿命测量、超形变带转动惯量和高Ｎ组态结构、全同超形变带和自旋顺排量子化、建立在粒子－空穴激发上的超形变带、超形变带中的八极关联、超形变带的馈入布居和退激等。     

超形变原子核核结构实验研究

超形变原子核的研究是原子核结构领域的重要前沿。本文从实验研究的角度，讨论原子核超形变研究的主要进展，包括主要实验方法和实验发现、超形变带寿命测量、超形变带转动惯量和高Ｎ组态结构、全同超形变带和自旋顺排量子化、建立在粒子－空穴激发上的超形变带、超形变带中的八极关联、超形变带的馈入布居和退激等。     

190区超形变核中转动带的组态结构

通过系统研究A～190区超形变核中转动带的转动惯量、角动量顺排、旋称分裂随转动频率的变化规律, 结合我们用处理对力的粒子数守恒方法的计算结果, 对A～190区所有转动带的组态结构给出了一个整体的描述. 绝大多数超形变带都建立在强耦合轨道上, 例如中子[512]5/2, [624]9/2. 少数超形变带则建立在高j闯入轨道上, 即中子[761]3/2, [752]5/2. 根据我们提出的组态结构所进行的理论计算结果表明, A～190区所有转动带的一般行为、反常变化和带交叉都得到了满意的解释.     

Alignment Additivity of Superdeformed Bands of Odd-Odd Nuclei in A=190 Region

Alignment additivity of the superdeformed (SD) bands in odd-odd nuclei ¹⁹⁴Tl and 196 Bi is investigared with the level spins determined by the Cranking Bohr-Mottelson Model. The alignments of four of the six SD bands in ¹⁹⁴Tl can be accounted for from the additive contributions of SD bands of the neighboring odd-proton and odd-neutron nuclei, while that of the SD band ¹⁹⁶Bi(1) can not.     

Superdeformed bands in194Tl

Two superdeformed (SD) bands have been found in¹⁹⁴Tl using the reactions¹⁷⁶Yb(²³Na,5n) and¹⁸¹Ta(¹⁸O,5n). The mass assignments were made from excitation function data. These are the first SD bands found in the mass-190 region that are not in Hg nuclei. The energies of many of the transitions of one of these new SD bands are similar in energy to those in the SD band of¹⁹²Hg.     

Lifetime measurements and decay of superdeformed bands in Hg isotopes

The lifetimes of states in Superdeformed (SD) bands in ^192,194Hg have been measured using the Doppler shift attenuation method. Intrinsic quadrupole moments have been extracted for band 1 of ¹⁹²Hg and for bands 1, 2, and 3 of ¹⁹⁴Hg. It was found that the quadrupole moments for the “identical” SD bands in these nuclei are the same. In the same experiment, one-step transitions linking SD states to yrast and near yrast states for bands 1 and 3 of ¹⁹⁴Hg have been identified. From this observation, excitation energies, spins and probable parities have been assigned to SD states in these bands.     

Laser spectroscopy of radioactive lead and thallium isotopes

By collincar fast beam laser spectroscopy hyperfine structure and isotope shift have been measured of neutron deficient radioactive isotopes of lead (¹⁹⁰Pb,¹⁹¹Pb,¹⁹²Pb,¹⁹³Pb,¹⁹⁴Pb,¹⁹⁵Pb,¹⁹⁶Pb,¹⁹⁷Pb) and thallium (¹⁸⁸Tl¹⁹⁰Tl,¹⁹¹Tl,¹⁹²Tl,¹⁹⁴Tl,¹⁹⁶Tl). Therefrom nuclear magnetic dipole moments, electric quadrupole moments, changes of the mean square charge radii and deformation parameters are deduced and compared with predictions from theory.     

Pionic degrees of freedom in atomic nuclei and quasielastic knockout of pions by high-energy electrons

The microscopic mechanism of the identical bands in odd-odd nucleus ¹⁹⁴Tl and its neighbor odd-A nuclei ^193,195Tl is investigated using the particle-number-conserving (PNC) method for treating the cranked shell model with monopole and quadrupole pairing interactions. It is found that the blocking effect of the high-j intruder orbital plays an important role in the variation of moments of inertia (J⁽¹⁾ and J⁽²⁾) with rotational frequency for the superdeformed bands and identical bands. The variation of the occupation probability of each cranked orbital and the contributions to moment of inertia from each cranked orbital are presented.     

Quadrupole moments of superdeformed bands in 193Tl

Lifetimes of states in the two strongest superdeformed (SD) bands in ¹⁹³Tl were measured using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The reaction ¹⁷⁶Yb(²³Na,6n)¹⁹³Tl at a beam energy of 129 MeV was used and γ-rays were detected by the Gammasphere array. Quadrupole moments of 18.3(10) eb and 17.4(10) eb were extracted for SD bands 1 and 2, respectively, using the fractional Doppler-shifts of the SD transitions. The previously reported linking transitions of these SD bands to normal deformed near yrast levels could not be confirmed. No other candidates for linking transitions could be established. Received: 27 April 1999     

Observation of signature inversion in the πh9/2(×)νi13/2 oblate band

High-spin states in 190Tl have been studied via the 160Gd(35Cl, 5nγ) reaction. The level scheme, consisting of the πh9/2(×)νi13/2 oblate band and a cascade with character of single particle excitations, has been established. Spin values have been firmly assigned to the oblate band in 190Tl, resulting in low-spin signature inversion in the πh9/2(×)νi13/2 oblate band for the first time. Based on the similarity of the level structure in doubly odd Tl nuclei, spin values for the oblate bands in 192―200Tl should be re-assigned, and a consistent low-spin signature inversion has occurred in these oblate deformed nuclei. The low-spin signature inversion phenomena can be interpreted qualitatively by using the 2-quasiparticle plus rotor model including p-n residual interactions.     

Electric Hyperfine Interactions of 57Fe Impurity Atoms in ACrO3 Perovskite-Type Chromites (A = Sc,In, Tl,Bi)

Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics - Perovskite-type chromites ACr0.9557Fe0.05O3 (A = Sc, In, Tl, Bi) have been studied by probe Mössbauer spectroscopy on 57Fe nuclei. The spectra...     

Superdeformed bands in195Tl

Two superdeformed (SD) bands have been found and assigned to¹⁹⁵Tl on the basis of excitation function and cross bombardment results. The two bands are almost identical in transition energies to those observed in¹⁹³Tl. They are signature partners with a splitting, presumably due to the proton i_13/2 (=5/2) orbital, characteristic of all known SD bands in the thallium isotopes. Their alignments relative to the¹⁹³Tl bands were found to be zero.On leave from Comision National de Energia Atomica 1429 Buenos Aires, Argentina.     

粒子－转子模型分析超形变转动带

利用三轴粒子－转子模型计算了（１９３）Ｔｌ超形变带γ跃迁能量，运动学转动惯量Ｊ（１）和动力学转动惯量Ｊ（２），并与实验值进行比较得到了满意的结果；预言了Ｂ（Ｍ１）值以及动力学电四极矩Ｑ（１）和Ｑ（２）指出在超形变带的分析中粒子－转子模型是一种可以采用的方法．