基于OTDR和光功率测试的光纤故障监测应用方法

为了降低光纤光缆故障率和缩短光缆网络故障诊断时间,提出了一种基于光功率测试和光时域反射仪的光纤故障监测方法;利用光功率测试技术对光缆性能进行实时监控并预警光缆故障;分析光纤功率衰减的原因,计算得到光缆修理增加的长度,设计了修正故障地点的算法;当光缆网络发生故障时,利用光时域反射仪测试故障位置,并利用误差检测算法对电缆衰减进行分析排除,对故障地点进行故障位置修正以便快速抢修;结果表明,该方法可以降低光缆网络故障率,在故障定位中可以提高光缆故障定位的精度,计算的故障位置与实际故障位置的误差不超过10 m,可以进行实时快速的维修,对于运营时间较长的光缆网络的效果更明显,具有较好的应用价值。     

光纤陀螺热致漂移分析及算法补偿技术研究

通过对光纤陀螺温度漂移的剖析推导,分析了温度扰动引起陀螺漂移误差的深层次原因,并结合过程相关性理论,对各个温度项影响因子与光纤陀螺实际输出相关性进行验证分析,提出一种同时考虑温度、温变速率、温度梯度以及三者乘积耦合项的算法补偿模型。对该模型的补偿效果进行离线补偿验证,结果表明,采用该算法补偿模型能明显抑制光纤陀螺的变温零漂。为了进一步验证该模型的有效性,把离线获得的补偿参数载入陀螺存储器,经过多样本实验测试,补偿后可有效提高光纤陀螺的全变温零偏稳定性,验证了该补偿算法在工程上的可实施性和推广价值。     

功率高压LED模组在不同应力下的老化实验

对LED进行应力加速老化实验及分析可以对器件可靠性做出最快、最有效的评估。本文将相同的6V高压功率白光LED分为两组,一组施加180 m A电流应力和85℃温度应力进行高温老化实验,另一组施加180 m A电流应力、85℃高温和85%相对湿度进行高温高湿老化实验。在老化过程中,测试了LED光电参数随老化时间的变化规律。实验结果表明:高温大电流应力下的样品的光退化幅度为0.9%~3.4%,高温高湿大电流应力下的样品的光退化幅度为25.4%~27.8%,高温高湿下样品的老化程度远高于高温老化下样品的老化程度,湿度对LED可靠性有显著的影响。退化的原因包括荧光粉的退化和器件内部欧姆接触退化等。     

单向量子密钥纠错协议的纠错性能仿真分析

高效误码纠错是量子密钥分配后续数据处理的关键技术之一.基于汉明码校验子级联单向一次通信纠错方案, 分别对三种校验子级联纠错能力进行了理论和仿真分析.根据分析结果提出了一种基于混合校验子级联纠错协议, 通过优化纠错流程相关参数提高密钥生成效率.随后对该协议的纠错能力及其密钥生成效率进行了仿真分析, 最后根据误码率后验分布参数, 对密钥最终误码率及其置信区间进行了估计.单一校验子级联纠错仿真结果显示:在相同的纠错能力的条件下, 初始误码率为3% < p ≤ 11% 时, (7, 4)汉明码纠错的密钥生成效率最高;初始误码率为1.5% < p ≤ 3.0% 时, (15, 11)汉明码纠错的密钥生成效率最高;初始误码率为p ≤ 1.5% 时, (31, 26) 汉明码纠错的密钥生成效率最高.混合校验子级联纠错方案的仿真结果显示:对于初始误码率为9.50%, 经过8轮次混合校验子级联纠错, 密钥生成效率为9.94%, 误码率期望值为5.21×10^-12, 置信度为90%的上限值为2.85×10^-11, 相比用单一(7, 4)校验子级联纠错的密钥生成效率提高了约3倍. 关键词： 量子密钥分配 保密纠错 效率分析     

基于多信号温度模型的机载电子板卡故障检测研究

在利用红外热像仪进行机载电子板卡故障检测中,针对电子板卡结构复杂,解析建模困难的特点,提出了一种基于多信号温度模型的分析诊断方法。通过将机载电子板卡正常工作时的红外温度图像与故障时的进行对比,建立了系统的多信号温度模型,针对多信号温度模型的缺点,提出一种基于贝叶斯网络的测试性建模方法,并给出贝叶斯网络模型的测试性分析方法与指标计算方法,得到模型相关矩阵并进一步进行故障诊断分析,为检测电子元器件故障及老化程度提供了一种有效途径。     

带温度补偿的分布式光纤温度传感系统设计

针对分布式光纤温度传感系统(Distributed Optical Fiber Temperature Sensing System,DTS)在线测温精度不高的问题,提出了使用光纤布拉格光栅(Fiber Bragg Grating,FBG)解调仪对DTS进行温度补偿。对不带温度补偿的DTS进行了温度测量和数据分析,证明了进行温度补偿的必要性。设计了带温度补偿的DTS并进行了温度测试。实验结果表明,在使用FBG解调仪对DTS进行温度补偿后,DTS的温度精确度可以达到0.3℃。     

一种气压传感器新型标定补偿方法（英文）

通常气压传感器的标定补偿方法复杂耗时,开发了一种新的方法去简化气压传感器的标定补偿。首先,设计恒温结构,并通过PID算法自动调节,使气压传感器的核心敏感元件工作于某一个固定温度(此温度稍高于气压传感器需要工作的最高温度点);其次,把气压传感器在与这个固定温度点相等的环境温度下进行标定;最后,完成标定后不管环境温度如何变化,气压传感器敏感元件始终工作在一个恒定的温度,因此气压传感器的标定与补偿可以得到简化。经测试,气压传感器在一定的环境温度范围内实现恒温工作,标定后可以以较高的精度测量气压,实验结果表明经过标定补偿后的气压传感器可以在实际中应用。     

一种气压传感器新型标定补偿方法（英）

通常气压传感器的标定补偿方法复杂耗时,开发了一种新的方法去简化气压传感器的标定补偿。首先,设计恒温结构,并通过PID算法自动调节,使气压传感器的核心敏感元件工作于某一个固定温度（此温度稍高于气压传感器需要工作的最高温度点）;其次,把气压传感器在与这个固定温度点相等的环境温度下进行标定;最后,完成标定后不管环境温度如何变化,气压传感器敏感元件始终工作在一个恒定的温度,因此气压传感器的标定与补偿可以得到简化。经测试,气压传感器在一定的环境温度范围内实现恒温工作,标定后可以以较高的精度测量气压,实验结果表明经过标定补偿后的气压传感器可以在实际中应用。     

总剂量辐射环境中的静态随机存储器功能失效模式研究

本文对静态随机存储器 (SRAM) 总剂量辐射引起的功能失效进行了六种不同测试图形下的测试. 利用不同测试图形覆盖的出错模式不同, 通过对比一定累积剂量下同一器件不同测试图形测试结果的差异, 以及对失效存储单元单独进行测试, 研究了总剂量辐照引起的SRAM器件功能失效模式. 研究表明: 器件的功能失效模式为数据保存错误 (Data retention fault) 且数据保存时间具有离散性, 引起数据保存错误的SRAM功能模块为存储单元. 通过对存储单元建立简化的等效电路图, 分析了造成存储单元数据保存错误以及保存时间离散性的原因, 并讨论了该失效模式对SRAM总剂量辐射功能测试方法的影响. 关键词： 静态随机存储器 功能失效 测试图形 数据保存错误     

一种气压传感器新型标定补偿方法（英文）

通常气压传感器的标定补偿方法复杂耗时,开发了一种新的方法去简化气压传感器的标定补偿。首先,设计恒温结构,并通过PID算法自动调节,使气压传感器的核心敏感元件工作于某一个固定温度(此温度稍高于气压传感器需要工作的最高温度点);其次,把气压传感器在与这个固定温度点相等的环境温度下进行标定;最后,完成标定后不管环境温度如何变化,气压传感器敏感元件始终工作在一个恒定的温度,因此气压传感器的标定与补偿可以得到简化。经测试,气压传感器在一定的环境温度范围内实现恒温工作,标定后可以以较高的精度测量气压,实验结果表明经过标定补偿后的气压传感器可以在实际中应用。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.