A conjecture by G. Ladas

In this paper, a sufficient condition for boundedness and persistence of the solu1 /of the following delay difference equation is obtained. A conjecture by G. Ladas is proved here xn-1=A/x^pn B/x^qn-1, n=0,1,...where A, B, p, q, x-1, xo∈(0,∞).     

ATTRACTIVE BEHAVIOR OF SOLUTIONS OF A NONLINEAR HIGHER ORDER DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS

In this paper, we study the global attractivity of solutions of higher order nonlinear difference equation xn+1=f(xn+1-1,xn+1-2,…,xn,xn-1,)n=0,1,2,…, where f is a continuous, positive, decreasing function on [0,+∞)1+1\{(0,…,0)}. We extend some known global behavior of the solutions of nonlinear higher order difference equations.     

The Stable Periodic Solutions of a Discrete Neural Network System

In this paper, a nonlinear difference system {xn=βxn-1＋f（yn-κ）,yn=βyn-1＋f（xn-κ）,n∈N is considered a,nd sufficient conditions for the existe~lce of the stable 2κ ＋ 1 periodic solution are obtained.     

OSCILLATION OF ADVANCED DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS WITH VARIABLE COEFFICIENTS

The oscillations of the advanced difference equationsxn - xn-1 - p(n)xn+k = 0, n ≥ 0, (*)andXn - Xn-1 - ∑i=1mpi(n)xn+ki=0, n ≥0, (**)are investigated, where p(n),pi(n)(i = 1,2,..., m) are nonnegative real numbers. First. a sufficienet condition for the oscillation of equation (*) is obtained, then the result is generalized to the equation (**). At last, an example is given to illustrate the advantages of our results. Our results are new.     

GLOBAL ATTRACTIVITY IN A CLASS OF HIGHER-ORDER NONLINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATION

In this paper the global attractivity of the nonlinear difference equation xn 1 = a bxn / A xn-k, n =0, 1, …，is investigated, where a, b, A ∈ (0, ∞), k is an positive integer and the initial conditions x- k, …，x- 1 and x0 are arbitrary positive numbers. It is shown that the unique positive equilibrium of the equation is global attractive. As a corollary, the result gives a positive confirmation on the conjecture presented by Kocic and Ladas [1,p154].     

若干中点迭代法的收敛性

The King-Werner iteration xn 1= xn -F‘(1/2(xn yn))^-1 F(xn);yn 1=xn 1-F‘(1/2(xn yn))^-1F(xn 1) which is used for solving the operator eqution in Banach space F(x) = 0 requires the inverse of the opterator‘s derivative.Now in this paper a deformation King-Werner method without use of inverse is presented and the convergence of this method is proved with the skill of the majoring function. In addition, for the existed convergent theorem the convergent condtions are amended. The corresponding convergence theorem holds also with the amended conditions and its error bounds is obtained. At last a midpoint method of order 1 √2 : yn=xn-F‘(xn)^-1F(xn);xn 1=xn-F‘(xn yn/2)^-1F(xn) which is studied by D.Chen and I.K.Argros is convergent withby milder conditions by recurence relations.     

一类差分方程性质的研究(英文)

This paper is concerned with the following rational difference equation xn+1=axn-bxn-1+ex2n/(cXn+dxn-1), with the initial conditions x-1 , x0 ∈ (0, +∞) and a, b, c, d, e ∈ R+ . Locally asymptotically stability, global attractively and boundedness character of the equilibrium point of the equation are investigated. Moreover, simulation is shown to support the results.     

一类高阶有理差分方程解的收敛性(英文)

本文考查下列高阶有理差分方程xn+1=(α+B1xn-1+B3xn-3+…+B2k+1xn-2k-1)/(A+B0xn+B2xn-2+…+B2kxn-2k,),n=0,1,…,其中k是非负整数,参数α,A,Bi,i=0,1,2,…,2k+1和初始值x-2k-1,x-2k,x-2k+1,…,x0是非负实数.给出充分条件,在此条件下当且仅当∑k+1i=1B2i-1=A时,方程的每个解收敛于方程的一个二周期解.     

Some problems on the global attractivity of linear nonautonomous difference equations

This paper is to solve several problems on the global attractivity of the zero solution of the nonautonomous difference equation xn+1 - xn + Pnxn-kn = 0,n ∈ Z(0), where {Pn} is a sequence of nonnegative real numbers, and {kn} is a sequence of nonnegative integers with n - kn→∞ as n→∞.     

Existence of periodic and subharmonic solutions for second-order superlinear difference equations

By critical point theory, a new approach is provided to study the existence and multiplicity results of periodic and subharmonic solutions for difference equations. For secord-order difference equations△2xn-1+f(n,xn)=0some new results are obtained for the above problems when f(t, z) has superlinear growth at zero and at infinityin z.     

一类三阶有理差分方程的奇点集和解的渐近性

研究三阶有理差分方程x_(n+1)=ax_(n-1)+x_(n-1)x_n/bx_(n-2)+cx_n,n=0,1,2,...的奇点集和解{x_n}_(n=-2)~∞的渐近性,其中a,b,c∈R,初始值x_(-2),x_(-1),x_0∈R.由a,b,c的取值的不同,而得到解的不同的渐近性.     

时滞差分方程的吸引性

本文给出了时滞差分方程x_n+1=x_nf(x_n,x_n-1),n=0,1,…解的全局吸引性的一个新的充分条件;作为应用,部分解决了G.Ladas的一个猜想.     

Some Theorems on Leibniz n-Algebras from the Category Un(Lb)

We study the Leibniz n-algebra Un(∑),whose multiplication is defined viathe bracket of a Leibniz algebra ∑ as[x1,...,xn]=[x1,[...,[xn-2,[xn-1,xn]]...]].Weshow that Un(∑) is simple if and only if ∑ is a simple Lie algebra.An analog of Levi'stheorem for Leibniz algebras in Un(Lb) is established and it is proven that the Leibnizn-kernel of Un(Σ) for any semisimple Leibniz algebra Σ is the n-algebra Un(Σ).     

扰动压缩条件的点列收敛性问题

研究完备度量空间X中满足ρ(xn,xn+1)≤Lρ(xn-1,xn)+εn的点列{xn}收敛性问题,其中L∈(0,1)为常数,εn非负是无穷小量称为扰动.文中的主要结论是:点列{xn}的收敛性由扰动εn决定,即当幂级数sum from n=1 to ∞εnxn的收敛半径R>1/L时,点列{xn}收敛.特别地,当R>1时,点列收敛;而R=1时,{xn}敛散性不能确定.     

严格伪压缩映象的复合隐格式迭代序列的收敛率估计

设K是实Banach空间E的非空闭凸集,{Ti}iN=1:K→K是N个严格伪压缩映象且公共不动集F=∩Ni=1F(Ti)≠φ,其中F(Ti)={x∈K:Tix=x}.{αn}n∞=1,{βn}n∞=1[0,1]是实序列且满足条件:(i)sum from n=1 to ∞ (αn)(ii)lim(n→∞)αn=lim(n→∞)βn=0(iii)αnβnL2<1,n≥1其中L≥1是{Ti}iN=1的公共Lipschitz常数.对于任意的x0∈K,设{xn}n∞=1是由下列产生的复合隐格式迭代序列:xn=(1-αn)xn-1+αn Tnynyn=(1-βn)xn-1+βnTnxn其中Tn=Tn mod N,则{xn}强收敛到{Ti}iN=1的公共不动点.结果推广和改进了相关文献的结果,且主要定理的证明方法也是不同的.并且进一步给出了序列的收敛率估计.     

一类差分方程解的全局性分析

研究差分方程……的全局性质,其中A,B,β∈(O,+∞),p,q∈N<'+>={1,2,…},α=max{p,q),γ<,1>,γ<,2>,…,γ<,p>,C<,1>,C<,2>,…,C<,q>∈[0,1],满足∑γ<,i>=∑C<,J>=1,初始值x<,0>,x<-1>,…,x<,α>∈(0,∞).得到该方程的每个正...     

时间随机环境中一维紧邻随机游动的常返性质

设环境q={q(n)}∞0是取值于[0,1]上一列独立同分布的随机变量列,且Eq(0)=p;{Sn}∞0是随机环境q中取整数值随机游动,S0=0,且满足:对任意的整数xi(i≥0),x,y,P(Sn+1=y|S1=x1,…,Sn-1=xn-1,Sn=x,q)={q(n),y=x+1,1-q(n),y=x-1,0,其他.我们证明了:p>1/2时,Sn→+∞,a.e.,n→∞;p<1/2时,Sn→-∞,a.e.,n→∞;p=1/2时,-∞=(lim infSn)/(n→+∞)<(lim supSn)/(n→+∞)=+∞,a.e.,n→∞.     

论模糊差分方程xn+1=a+bxn/A+xn-1

讨论非线性模糊差分方程x_n+1=a+bx_n/A+x_n-1（n=0,1,…）正解的存在性、有界性及正解的渐近表现。其中是正模糊数数列、及初始值是正模糊数。