推广数学命题的几种思考方法

推广数学命题 ,是一项综合性很强 ,难度较大的创造性工作 .它需要付出类比、联想、猜测、归纳等富有探讨性、技巧性的劳动 .其关键在于抓住原命题的本质特征 ,从中挖掘和发现隐晦的信息 ,善于从一类对象或情境转换成另一类与之相关联的对象或情境 ,通过尝试实验、摸索规律、提出假设和新的构想 ,从而产生新的更广义、更一般、更深刻的数学命题 .本文仅就自己的体会 ,谈谈推广数学命题的几种思考方法 .1　由数字型向字母型推广不少数学命题是由数字与运算符号构成 ,在挖掘命题中的隐含条件 ,找出数量间的关系和规律之后 ,用字母代替这些数字 …     

二阶差分方程为极限圆型的判定

本文找到了方程属极限圆的用系数表示的充要条件 ,并给出了比较容易验证的充分条件 ,改进了已有的结果 .     

强算子值鞅型序列

在[1]中,Skorohod在可分的Hilbert空间中定义了强随机线性算子,这种强随机线性算子对研究随机积分有重要应用。[1]中还证明了强随机线性算子值鞅的收敛定理。本文在可分的Banach空间中定义了强随机线性算子和强随机线性算子值鞅型序列。证明了强随机线性算子值鞅型序列成立着和向量值鞅型序列类似的收敛定理,分解定理和选样定理,推广了[1]中的有关结果。同时这些定理也是向量值鞅型序列相应结果([2—5])的推广。     

基于微分博弈的区域经济合作行为分析

针对区域经济合作行为问题,构建微分博弈模型,将区域合作情况分为弱弱型拮抗博弈、强弱型主从博弈、强强型协同博弈三类,并考察其最优努力策略、最优收益与联盟总体收益变化.研究结果显示:①地区间经济合作努力程度随着合作成本系数、产出漏损系数的上升而下降,随着边际努力产出系数、边际努力收益系数、产出影响系数的上升而上升;②"激励因子"作为一种激励机制,可提高地区间合作努力度、最优收益及联盟整体收益;③三种类型中,强强性协同博弈最优策略及整体最优收益均严格优于其他两种情形.但这种协同合作需要确定联盟整体收益分配系数的取值范围.     

实二次型的符号差

我们知道,一个实二次型的标准形(或规范型)由它的秩和符号差唯一确定。一般说来,把实二次型通过满秩的线性变换化为标准形,自然能求出二次型的秩和符号差。给定一个实二次     

Gauss整环上不可分解的Hermite型

本文给出了构作虚二次域Ｑ（－ｍ）的整数环上不可分解的正定整Ｈｅｒ ｍｉｔｅ型的方法．     

关于一阶具分布型偏差变元微分方程的振动性

In this paper we study the oscillation of the retarded differential equation x′(t)+∫_a^bp(t,ξ)x[g(t,ξ)]dσ(ξ)=0 (b>a) (1)and the advanced differential equation x′(t)-∫_a^bp(t,ξ)x[g(t,ξ)]dσ(ξ)=0 (b>a) (2) We improved the main results of [1-4].     

Herz型Hardy空间上乘子算子的Jackson型和 Bernstein型不等式

在Herz型Hardy
空间上对乘子算子建立了Jackson型和Bernstein型不等式.
这些不等式可以应用于Fourier分析中的一些重要算子,
如大于临界阶的Bochner-Riesz算子,
广义Bochner-Riesz平均和广义Abel-Poission算子.     

某类系统广义指数型E稳定性(英文)

研究某类系统广义指数型 E稳定性 ,推广了文献 [1 ],[2 ]的某些结果 .     

p-凸函数与几类不等式

研究p-凸函数的一些新的性质及判别准则,并建立p-凸函数的Jensen型、Rado型及Hadamard型不等式.     

泛系分析:数学·方法论·相对论·辩证思维

基于对广义系统、泛导、泛对称、泛箱原理、泛系相对性提出了新的分析模式与新的相对数学化的简化强化的定义,发展了泛系方法论与泛系相对论的框架与理法,具体内容涉及:相对普适的数学化的泛系,200类对偶,对偶转化,泛对称转化,泛系辩证,八畴方法,泛系数学方法,广义量化,逼近转化原则,泛等价定理,供求分析,思维实验,广义灰色系统,等等.     

Transverse compression of PPTA fibers

Results of single transverse compression testing of PPTA and PIPD fibers, using a novel test device, are presented and discussed. In the tests, short lengths of single fibers are compressed between two parallel, stiff platens. The fiber elastic deformation is analyzed as a Hertzian contact problem. The inelastic deformation is analyzed by elastic-plastic FE simulation and by laser-scanning confocal microscopy of the compressed fibers ex post facto. The results obtained are compared to those in the literature and to the theoretical predictions of PPTA fiber transverse elasticity based on PPTA crystal elasticity.Presented at the 11th International Conference on Mechanics of Composite Materials (Riga, June 11–15, 2000).3TEX, Inc. 109, MacKenan Drive, Cary, North Carolina 27511, USA. Published in Mekhanika Kompozitnykh Materialov, Vol. 36, No. 4, pp. 533–544, March–April, 2000.     

区组长为奇素数的自反MD设计

本文利用差方法对自反MD设计SCMD(4mp,p,1)的存在性给出了构造性证明,这里p为奇素数,m为正整数．     

Professor Sun Yongsheng

Sun Yongsheng, professor of mathematics, was born on January 22, 1929, in Wanghaisi Village, Cang County, Hebei Province, China. He died of lung cancer at 23 hour 15 minutes,March 22, 2006 in Beijing.     

Immersive Projection Technology for Visual Data Mining

The PlatoCAVE, the MiniCAVE, and the C2 are immersive stereoscopic projectionbased virtual reality environments oriented toward group interactions. As such they are particularly suited to collaborative efforts in data analysis and visual data mining. In this article, we provide an overview of virtual reality in general, including immersive projection technology, and the use of stereoscopic displays for data visualization. We discuss design considerations for the construction of these immersive environments including one-wall versus four-wall implementations, augmented reality, stereoscopic placement, head tracking, the use of LCD devices, polarized light stereo, voice control, and image synchronization.     

Components of the Fundamental Category II

In this article we carry on the study of the fundamental category (Goubault and Raussen, Dihomotopy as a tool in state space analysis. In: Rajsbaum, S. (ed.) LATIN 2002: Theoretical Informatics. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2286, Cancun, Mexico, pp. 16–37, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2002; Goubault, Homology, Homotopy Appl., 5(2): 95–136, 2003) of a partially ordered topological space (Nachbin, Topology and Order, Van Nostrand, Princeton, 1965; Johnstone, Stone Spaces, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, MA, 1982), as arising in e.g. concurrency theory (Fajstrup et al., Theor. Comp. Sci. 357: 241–278, 2006), initiated in (Fajstrup et al., APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004). The “algebra” of dipaths modulo dihomotopy (the fundamental category) of such a po-space is essentially finite in a number of situations. We give new definitions of the component category that are more tractable than the one of Fajstrup et al. (APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004), as well as give definitions of future and past component categories, related to the past and future models of Grandis (Theory Appl. Categ., 15(4): 95–146, 2005). The component category is defined as a category of fractions, but it can be shown to be equivalent to a quotient category, much easier to portray. A van Kampen theorem is known to be available on fundamental categories (Grandis, Cahiers Topologie Géom. Différentielle Catég., 44: 281–316, 2003; Goubault, Homology, Homotopy Appl., 5(2): 95–136, 2003), we show in this paper a similar theorem for component categories (conjectured in Fajstrup et al. (APCS, 12(1): 81–108, 2004). This proves useful for inductively computing the component category in some circumstances, for instance, in the case of simple PV mutual exclusion models (Goubault and Haucourt, A practical application of geometric semantics to static analysis of concurrent programs. In: Abadi, M., de Alfaro, L. (eds.) CONCUR 2005 – Concurrency Theory: 16th International Conference, San Francisco, USA, August 23–26. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3653, pp. 503–517, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, 2005), corresponding to partially ordered subspaces of R ⁿ minus isothetic hyperrectangles. In this last case again, we conjecture (and give some hints) that component categories enjoy some nice adjunction relations directly with the fundamental category.      

Formulation of linear problems and solution by a universal machine

Using the predicate language for ordered fields a class of problems referred to aslinear problems is defined. This class contains, for example, all systems of linear equations and inequalities, all linear programming problems, all integer programming problems with bounded variables, all linear complementarity problems, the testing of whether sets that are defined by linear inequalities are semilattices, all satisfiability problems in sentenial logic, the rank-computation of matrices, the computation of row-reduced echelon forms of matrices, and all quadratic programming problems with bounded variables. A single, one, algorithm, to which we refer as theUniversal Linear Machine, is described. It solves any instance of any linear problem. The Universal Linear Machine runs in two phases. Given a linear problem, in the first phase a Compiler running on a Turing Machine generates alinear algorithm for the problem. Then, given an instance of the linear problem, in the second phase the linear algorithm solves the particular instance of the linear problem. The linear algorithm is finite, deterministic, loopless and executes only the five ordered field operations — additions, multiplications, subtractions, divisions and comparisons. Conversely, we show that for each linear algorithm there is a linear problem which the linear algorithm solves uniquely. Finally, it is shown that with a linear algorithm for a linear problem, one can solve certain parametric instances of the linear problem.Research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation Grant DMS 92-07409, by the Department of Energy Grant DE-FG03-87-ER-25028, by the United States—Israel Binational Science Foundation Grant 90-00434 and by ONR Grant N00014-92-J1142.Corresponding author.     

Financial Risk Modelling and Econometric Inference

In finance, the explicit modelling of uncertainty takes on a particularly important role. The values of financial derivatives increase in the return volatility of the underlying security. This notion requires a concept of volatility and hence uncertainty. In addition, the choice between modelling in discrete and continuous time is not arbitrary, since it corresponds to a distinction between incomplete and complete markets, respectively, and this distinction matters for asset pricing, financial risk modelling, and inference. Risk and volatility are closely connected, and implied volatility, volatility forecasting, volatility in term structure models, stochastic volatility, and portfolio analysis are considered and related to a more general interplay between cross-sectional and dynamic aspects in finance. Stocks, bonds, and options are considered and placed in the context of efficiency and separation in inference.