正规算子和亚正规算子的一些特征

In this paper it is proved that if T is a bounded linear operator on a Hilbert space H and λ(?)c1(W(T)), where cl(W(T)) is the closure of W(T)={(Tx, x); x∈H, ‖x‖ =1}, then T is normal iff U_λ=(T-λ)^*-1 (T-λ) is hyponormal and T is hyponormal iff U_λ=(T-λ)^*-1 (T-λ) is normaliod.     

BIFURCATION SOLUTION BRANCHES AND ITS NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF A SEMI-LINEAR ELLIPTIC PROBLEM

1　IntroductionConsider the parameter dependent equationu"+ (λ+ s(μ) ) f( u) -μsinx =0　 in ( 0 ,π)u( 0 ) =u(π) =0 ( 1 .1 )whereλ,μ∈R are parameters and f:R→R and S:R→R are smooth odd functions anda) f′( 0 ) =1 ,　　 b) f ( 0 )≠ 0 ,　　 c) s( 0 ) =0 ,　　 d) s′( 0 ) =1 . ( 1 .2 )Let S:u( x)→ u(π-x) ,Γ ={ S,I} ,then ( 1 .1 ) isΓ -equivariant.The equality ( 1 .2 a) isjust a normalization of f at x=0 .Otherwise,one may reseek the parameter x to ensure( 1 .2 a) .To simplify an…     

地下水污染中一离子反应数学模型的有限元方法

1　引　　言在地下水含水层中 ,污染物随地下水运移并常常发生各种化学反应 [1 ] .描述地下水含水层中一类阳离子交换反应 m M1 +r M2 k2k1 r M2 +m M1 的数学模型[2 ] 为 : s1 t- dΔs1 =f1 ,　　 x∈Ω ,t∈ J (1.1a) s2 t- dΔs2 =f2 ,　　 x∈Ω ,t∈ J (1.1b) c1 t+ρ s1 t- DΔc1 =0 ,　　 x∈Ω ,t∈ J (1.2 a) c2 t+ρ s2 t- DΔc2 =0 ,　　 x∈Ω ,t∈ J (1.2 b)其中 Ω R2为具有光滑边界的有界区域 ,J=(0 ,T].这里 D>d>0为扩散系数 ,ρ>0为固体颗粒密度 ,均为常数 .根据 [1,2 ]应有 :f1 =m[k1 Rm1 Rr2 cm1 sr2 -…     

算子n次方根的惟一性

B(H)表示定义在希尔伯特空间H上的所有有界线性算子的全体。对于A∈B(H),其中σ(A)和W(A)分别表示算子A的谱和数值域,N表示自然数集。关于算子A的n(n∈N)次方根,本文的主要结果是:(1)若σ(A)∩(-∞,0]=φ,则A有惟一的n次方根B∈B(H)且σ(B)(?)~(2/n)~o;(2)若(?)∩(-∞,0]=φ,则A有惟一的n次方根B∈B(H)且(?)(2/n)~o这里,S_(1/n)={λ∈C‖argλ|≤(1/2n)π}且S_(1/n)~o表示集合S+(1/n)的内部。     

Toader平均的二次与调和平均界

该文证明了双向不等式αQ(a,b)+(1-α)H(a,b)T(a,b)βQ(a,b)+(1-β)H(a,b)和λ/H(a,b)+(1-λ)/Q(a,b)1/T(a,b)μ/H(a,b)+(1-μ)/Q(a,b)对所有a,b0且a≠b成立的充分和必要条件是α≤5/6,β≥22~(1/2)π,λ0和μ1/6.其中Q(a,b)=((a~2+b~2)/2)~(1/2),H(a,b)=2ab/(a+b)和T(a,b)=2/π∫_0~(π/2)(a~2cos~2θ+b~2sin~2θ)~(1/2)dθ分别表示正数a和b的二次平均,调和平均和Toader平均.     

用特征根求二次曲面圆截面方程

求二次曲面圆截面方程一般较麻烦 ,但对于形如f ( x,y,z) =ax2 + by2 + cz2 + 2 fyz+ 2 gzx+ 2 hxy=1 ( 1 )用特征根法可以很方便的求得 ,因运用旋转变换将 ( 1 )可化为 [1]λ1x′2 + λ2 y′2 + λ3z′2 =1 , ( 2 )其中 λ1,λ2 ,λ3为特征方程a-λ h gh b-λ fg f c-λ=0 ( 3)的特征根 ,且 ( 3)即- λ3+ I1λ2 - I2 λ+ I3=0 [1] . ( 3′)这里 I1=a+ b+ c.I2 =a hh b + a gg c + b ff c ,I3=a h gh b fg f c.显然 ,( 1 )的中心在 ( 0 ,0 ,0 ) ,可看作截面圆的中心 ,即 ( 1 )与球面 x2 + y2 + z2 =r2交线的中心 ,由 ( 1 )可写成ax2 + by…     

一类椭圆型方程Dirichlet外问题的奇摄动

§ 1 .　IntroductionSingularperturbationofDirichletproblemsforellipticequationswerediscussedbysomeauthors[1 ] -[4] ,butmostofwhathavebeenconsideredareboundeddomain .InthispapertheauthorconsiderDirichletexteriorproblemsasfollow :εL1 [u]+L2 [u]=f(x ,u ,ε) ,x∈Rn -Ω ,　　 ( 1)u(x) =g(x ,ε) ,x∈ Ω ,( 2 )whereL1 issecondorderellipticoperator:L1 [u]=∑ni,j=1aij(x) 2 u xi xj+∑ni=1ai(x) u xi +a(x ,u) ,∑ni,j=1aijζiζj ≥δ0 >0 ,x∈Rn -Ω , ζ∈Rn ,ζ≠ 0 ,L2 isfirstorderdifferentialopera…     

Existence and multiplicity of normalized solutions for a class of fractional Choquard equations

In this paper, we study the existence and multiplicity of solutions with a prescribed L2-norm for a class of nonlinear fractional Choquard equations in RN:(-△)su-λu =(κα*|u|p)|u|p-2u,where N≥3,s∈(0,1),α∈(0,N),p∈(max{1 +(α+2s)/N,2},(N+α)/(N-2s)) and κα(x)=|x|α-N. To get such solutions,we look for critical points of the energy functional I(u) =1/2∫RN|(-△)s/2u|2-1/(2p)∫RN(κα*|u|p)|u|p on the constraints S(c)={u∈Hs(RN):‖u‖L2(RN)2=c},c >0.For the value p∈(max{1+(α+2s)/N,2},(N+α)/(N-2s)) considered, the functional I is unbounded from below on S(c). By using the constrained minimization method on a suitable submanifold of S(c), we prove that for any c>0, I has a critical point on S(c) with the least energy among all critical points of I restricted on S(c). After that,we describe a limiting behavior of the constrained critical point as c vanishes and tends to infinity. Moreover,by using a minimax procedure, we prove that for any c>0, there are infinitely many radial critical points of I restricted on S(c).     

乘积∏_(k=1)~n(ak~2+bk+c)的平方性

本文证明了乘积∏_(k=1)~n(ak~2+6k+c)(f(x)=ax~2+bx+c∈Z[x]是二次不可约多项式)在n充分大时不是平方数.     

关于控制算子的若干注记

Let B(H) be the set of all bounded linear operators on a Hilbert space H. An operator T∈B(H) is called dominant if (T-λ)(T-λ)^*≤M_λ²(T-λ)^*(T-λ),?λ∈C.The numerical range of T is difined by W (T) = {(Tx, x): ‖x‖ = 1, x∈H}. In Section 1 some new characteristic of dominant operators are given. If C = AB - BA, we prove that O∈W(C)^- then A is a dominart or φ-quasihy ponor-mal. In Section 2 we prove that O∈σ_e(△_A^σ) if A is a dominant, where(?), we also prove that if A∈B(H) is a norm attaining Ф-quasihyponormal, then A has a non-trivial invariant subspace. In Section 3 we discuss the closeness of the range of bounded linear operator F_AB:X→AX-XB, and prove that R(δ_A)∩{A}′∩{Aⁿ}′=0, where δ_A:X→AX-XA.     

ASYMPTOTIC ERROR EXPANSIONS OF QUADRATIC SPLINE COLLOCATION SOLUTIONS FOR TWO-POINT BOUNDARY VALUE PROBLEMS

In this paper, we consider the following problem:The quadratic spline collocation, with uniform mesh and the mid-knot points are taken as the collocation points for this problem is considered. With some assumptions, we have proved that the solution of the quadratic spline collocation for the nonlinear problem can be written as a series expansions in integer powers of the mesh-size parameter. This gives us a construction method for using Richardson's extrapolation. When we have a set of approximate solution with different mesh-size parameter a solution with high accuracy can he obtained by Richardson's extrapolation.     

基于增广Lagrange函数的RQP方法

Recursive quadratic programming is a family of techniques developd by Bartholomew-Biggs and other authors for solving nonlinear programming problems.This paperdescribes a new method for constrained optimization which obtains its search di-rections from a quadratic programming subproblem based on the well-known aug-mented Lagrangian function.It avoids the penalty parameter to tend to infinity.We employ the Fletcher‘s exact penalty function as a merit function and the use of an approximate directional derivative of the function that avoids the need toevaluate the second order derivatives of the problem functions.We prove that thealgorithm possesses global and superlinear convergence properties.At the sametime, numerical results are reported.     

SMOOTHING BY CONVEX QUADRATIC PROGRAMMING

In this paper, we study the relaxed smoothing problems with general closed convex constraints. It is pointed out that such problems can be converted to a convex quadratic minimization problem for which there are good programs in software libraries.     

非均匀的二次三角双曲加权样条曲线

提出一种基于三角和双曲多项式加权的二次混合样条曲线,这种曲线具有二次非均匀B样条曲线相似性质.这里的权系数也是形状参数,称之为权参数,取值范围从区间[0,1]扩大到区间[-2.6482,3.9412].权参数的不同取值可以整体或局部地调整曲线的形状,并且权参数能像开关那样,使得曲线的各段能非常方便地在三角样条、双曲样条之间自由转换.不需要用重节点方法或解方程组,而只要令某个或某些权参数取-2.6482,曲线就能接插值于控制点或控制边.此外,还能精确表示椭圆(圆)和双曲线.     

一类不可微二次规划逆问题

本文求解了一类二次规划的逆问题,具体为目标函数是矩阵谱范数与向量无穷范数之和的最小化问题.首先将该问题转化为目标函数可分离变量的凸优化问题,提出用G-ADMM法求解.并结合奇异值阈值算法,Moreau-Yosida正则化算法,matlab优化工具箱的quadprog函数来精确求解相应的子问题.而对于其中一个子问题的精确求解过程中发现其仍是目标函数可分离变量的凸优化问题,由于其变量都是矩阵,所以采用适合多个矩阵变量的交替方向法求解,通过引入新的变量,使其每个子问题的解都具有显示表达式.最后给出采用的G-ADMM法求解本文问题的数值实验.数据表明,本文所采用的方法能够高效快速地解决该二次规划逆问题.     

一个关于二次规划问题的分段线性同伦算法

本文发展了一个关于二次规划问题的分段线性同伦算法。该算法可看作是外点罚函数法的一个变体。凡是符合外点罚函数法收敛条件的二次规划问题用该算法均可经有限次轮回运算得到稳定解。大量的关于随机的凸二次规划问题的数值实验结果表明它的计算效率是高的，在某些条件下可能是多项式时间算法。     

单调及保凸二次样条插值

本文将集中研究保形二次样条插值.假设序列X={x_i}和Y={y_i}(i=0,1,2,…,N)满足x_(i-1)相似文献   

边界约束二次规划问题的分解方法

１．引言本文考虑如下边界约束的二次规划问题：其中ＱＥ＊"""是对称的,Ｃ,人。Ｅ＊"是给定的常数向量,且Ｚ＜。这类问题经常出现在偏微分方程,离散化的连续时间最优控制问题、线性约束的最小二乘问题、工程设计、或作为非线性规划方法中的序列子问题．因此具有特殊的重要性．本文提出求解问题（１．１）的分解方法．它类似求解线性代数方程组的选代法,它是对Ｑ进行正则分裂【对即把Ｑ分裂为两个矩阵之和,Ｑ＝Ｎ十片而这两个矩阵之差（Ｎ一则是对称正定的．在每次迭代中用一个易于求解的矩阵Ｎ替代Ｑ进行计算一新的二次规划问题．在适…     

STOCHASTIC LINEAR QUADRATIC OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS WITH RANDOM COEFFICIENTS

61. IntroductionLet (fi, F, P, {R}tZo) be a complete filtered probability space on which a standard onedimensional Brownian motion w(') is defined such that {R}tZo is the natural filtrationgenerated by w(.), augmented by all the p-null sets in i. We consider the following stateequationwhere T E T[0, TI, the set of all {R}tZo-stopping times taking values in [0, T], (E sigLlt (fi;IR"); A, B, C, D are matrix-valued {R}tZo-adapted bounded processes. In the above, u(.) EU[T, T]gLI(T, T…     

SOME DYNAMICAL PROPERTIESOF QUADRATIC RATIONAL MAPS

ＳＯＭＥ　ＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＬ　ＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳ　ＯＦ　ＱＵＡＤＲＡＴＩＣ　ＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬ　ＭＡＰＳＳＯＭＥＤＹＮＡＭＩＣＡＬＰＲＯＰＥＲＴＩＥＳＯＦＱＵＡＤＲＡＴＩＣＲＡＴＩＯＮＡＬＭＡＰＳ￥ＹＩＮＹＯＮＧＣＨＥＮＧ（ＣｅｌｌｔｒｅｆｏｒＭａｔ...