广义算子半群与广义分布参数系统的适定性

首先,针对广义分布参数系统的求解问题,提出了由Hilbert空间中有界线性算子所引导的广义算子半群和广义积分半群;其次,讨论了广义预解算子的性质、广义算子半群与广义积分半群的性质;最后,研究了广义分布参数系统的适定性问题.     

一阶广义分布参数系统的指数稳定性

利用退化半群的方法讨论了Hilbert空间中一阶广义分布参数系统的指数稳定性,并给出了判断指数稳定性的充要条件.     

分布欧拉方程与分片函数的表示

本文用分布(广义函数)的概念导出了刻画带内点约束的变分问题的解的分布欧拉方程,说明在这类问题中拉格朗日乘子法仍然是有效的。此外,利用基本解给出了分布欧拉方程的解的表示。进而给出了一元和多元广义变分样条函数的表示的一般方法。     

分布值函数和分布的乘法（Ⅱ）

在超分布的代数运算的基础上定义了分布的U-乘积,具体计算了(δ~((m))(x)·δ~((n))(x))U、δ~((x))_U~n和(x~m·(δ(x))~(m+p))_U。利用U-乘积定义了分布的广义乘积,还引进了δ(x)在点a的值的概念。最后,研究了广义乘积在近代物理学中的两个应用:(1)给出了非线性波动方程的因果解;(2)给出了跃迁几率计算过程中使用的公式(δ(x))~2=δ(0)δ(x)的确切含义及证明。     

广义分布参数系统的状态反馈稳定性问题(1)

关于系统的状态反馈稳定性问题的研究一直是现代控制理论研究的重要问题之一.广义分布参数系统是比分布参数系统更广的一类系统,在研究复合材料热导体中的温度分布等问题时会出现这样的系统.本文讨论了H ilbert空间中一阶广义分布参数系统的状态反馈稳定性问题.应用泛函分析及线性算子半群理论的方法给出了使闭环广义分布参数系统渐进稳定的充要条件,充分条件及状态反馈的构造性表达式.这对研究广义分布参数系统的状态反馈稳定性问题具有重要的理论价值.     

退化矩阵Liouville,Beta,Dirichlet分布

该文引进和讨论了退化矩阵Liouville分布，由此导出退化矩阵Beta分布、退化矩阵Dirichlet分布．推广了文献［1］关于退化Wishart分布和秩为1的退化矩阵Beta分布的结果。     

带有时滞边界反馈的退化波动方程的镇定

该文在一维空间中研究了带有时滞边界反馈的退化波动方程的镇定问题.首先运用半群理论证明了其解的适定性,然后通过选用合适的乘子以及构造合适的Lyapunov泛函,证明了该退化波动方程解的指数稳定性结果.     

非线性时变广义分布参数系统的适定性问题

本文的主要目的是讨论非线性时变广义分布参数系统的适定性问题.首先,在Banach空间中引入由连续(可能是非线性的)算子引导的非线性广义发展算子,该非线性广义发展算子是广义发展算子的推广,并研究非线性广义发展算子的性质;然后,应用非线性广义发展算子讨论非线性时变广义分布参数系统的适定性问题,并给出解的构造性表达式.     

时间尺度上三阶非线性中立型分布时滞动力方程的振动性

研究时间尺度上三阶非线性中立型分布时滞动力方程的振动性,利用广义Riccati变换和不等式技巧,建立了一个保证该方程每一个解振动或者收敛于零的充分性定理.本文所得定理推广和改进了已有文献中的相应结果.     

二阶广义分布参数系统的谱分布

应用泛函分析算子理论的方法研究了Hilbert空间中二阶广义分布参数系统的谱分布问题,利用有界线性算子的广义逆给出了所讨论问题的解及解的构造性表达式。这对研究二阶广义分布参数系统的镇定及渐进稳定性问题都有重要的理论价值。     

Evolution by Non-Convex Functionals

We establish a semi-group solution concept for flows that are generated by generalized minimizers of non-convex energy functionals. We use relaxation and convexification to define these generalized minimizers. The main part of this work consists in exemplary validation of the solution concept for a non-convex energy functional. For rotationally invariant initial data it is compared with the solution of the mean curvature flow equation. The basic example relates the mean curvature flow equation with a sequence of iterative minimizers of a family of non-convex energy functionals. Together with the numerical evidence this corroborates the claim that the non-convex semi-group solution concept defines, in general, a solution of the mean curvature equation.     

Stochastic inertial manifold

A nonlinear stochastic evolution equation in Hilbert space with generalized additive white noise is considered. A concept of stochastic mertial manifold is introduced, defined as a random manifold depending on time, which is finite dimensional, invariant for the dynamic, and attracts exponentially fast all the trajectories as t → ∞. Under the classical spectral gap condition of the deterministic theory, the existence of a stochastic inertial manifold is proved. It is obtained as the solution of a stochastic partial differential equation of degenerate parabolic type, studied by a variant of Bernstein method. A result of existence and uniqueness of a stationary inertial manifold is also proved; the stationary inertial manifold contains the random attractor, introduced in previous works.     

Mathematical analysis of carbon nanotube model

In this paper, we present a recently developed mathematical model for a short double-wall carbon nanotube. The model is governed by a system of two coupled hyperbolic equations and is reduced to an evolution equation. This equation defines a dissipative semi-group. We show that the semi-group generator is an unbounded nonselfadjoint operator with compact resolvent. Moreover, this operator is a relatively compact perturbation of a certain selfadjoint operator.     

Generalized solutions to partial differential equations of evolution type

This paper deals with a new solution concept for partial differential equations in algebras of generalized functions. Introducing regularized derivatives for generalized functions, we show that the Cauchy problem is wellposed backward and forward in time for every system of linear partial differential equations of evolution type in this sense. We obtain existence and uniqueness of generalized solutions in situations where there is no distributional solution or where even smooth solutions are nonunique. In the case of symmetric hyperbolic systems, the generalized solution has the classical weak solution as macroscopic aspect. Two extensions to nonlinear systems are given: global solutions to quasilinear evolution equations with bounded nonlinearities and local solutions to quasilinear symmetric hyperbolic systems.     

Null space distributions—A new approach to finite convolution equations with a Hankel kernel

In some earlier publications it has been shown that the solutions of the boundary integral equations for some mixed boundary value problems for the Helmholtz equation permit integral representations in terms of solutions of associated complicated singular algebraic ordinary differential equations. The solutions of these differential equations, however, are required to be known on some infinite interval on the real line, which is unsatisfactory from a practical point of view. In this paper, for the example of one specific boundary integral equation, the relevant solutions of the associated differential equation are expressed by integrals which contain only one unknown generalized function, the support of this generalized function is no longer unbounded but a compact subset of the real line. This generalized function is a distributional solution of the homogeneous boundary integral equation. By this null space distribution the boundary integral equation can be solved for arbitrary right-hand sides, this solution method can be considered of being analogous to the method of variation of parameters in the theory of ordinary differential equations. The nature of the singularities of the null space distribution is worked out and it is shown that the null space distribution itself can be expressed by solutions of the associated ordinary differential equation.     

Sur certaines martingales de Mandelbrot

We consider a non-negative martingale, defined by sums of product of non-negative random weights indexed by nodes of a Galton-Watson tree. In case the limit variable is not degenerate, we study the asymptotic behaviour at infinity of its distribution; in the contrary case, we prove that there is an associated natural martingale which converges to a non-negative random variable with infinite mean. The two limit variables satisfy the same distributional equation.     

On a time nonlocal problem for inhomogeneous evolution equations

Under consideration is some problem for inhomogeneous differential evolution equation in Banach space with an operator that generates a C ₀-continuous semigroup and a nonlocal integral condition in the sense of Stieltjes. In case the operator has continuous inhomogeneity in the graph norm. We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of a generalized solution for the problem of whether the nonlocal data belong to the generator domain. Estimates on solution stability are given, and some conditions are obtained for existence of the classical solution of the nonlocal problem. All results are extended to a Sobolev-type linear equation, the equation in Banach space with a degenerate operator at the derivative. The time nonlocal problem for the partial differential equation, modeling a filtrating liquid free surface, illustrates the general statements.     

On a degenerate parabolic equation arising in pricing of Asian options

We study a certain one-dimensional, degenerate parabolic partial differential equation with a boundary condition which arises in pricing of Asian options. Due to degeneracy of the partial differential operator and the non-smooth boundary condition, regularity of the generalized solution of such a problem remained unclear. We prove that the generalized solution of the problem is indeed a classical solution.     

Degenerate Dirichlet Problems Related to the Invariant Measure of Elasto-Plastic Oscillators

A stochastic variational inequality is proposed to model a white noise excited elasto-plastic oscillator. The solution of this inequality is essentially a continuous diffusion process for which a governing diffusion equation is obtained to study the evolution in time of its probability distribution. The diffusion equation is degenerate, but using the fact that the degeneracy occurs on a bounded region we are able to show the existence of a unique solution satisfying the desired properties. We prove the ergodic properties of the process and characterize the invariant measure. Our approach relies on extending Khasminskii’s method (Stochastic Stability of Differential Equations, Sijthoff and Noordhoff, 1980), which in the present context leads to the study of degenerate Dirichlet problems with nonlocal boundary conditions. This research was partially supported by a grant from CEA, Commissariat à l’énergie atomique and by the National Science Foundation under grant DMS-0705247.     

带有阻尼项的广义对称正则长波方程的指数吸引子

考虑了带有阻尼项的广义对称正则长波方程的整体快变动力学．证明了与该方程有关的非线性半群的挤压性质和指数吸引子的存在性．对指数吸引子的分形维数的上界也进行了估计．