分形油藏中非牛顿松弛粘弹性液体广义流动分析

将分形引入渗流力学,建立了分形油藏具有松弛特性的粘弹性液体的不稳定渗流模型;利用双参数（ ｄｆ ,ｄｓ） 刻画分形油藏的分形特性,利用四参数（ｄｆ,ｄｓ ,λｖ ,λｐ） 描述粘弹性液的广义流动特征;提出了广义的正交变换,并利用Ｌａｐｌａｃｅ＿Ｗｅｂｅｒ 变换,拉氏＿正交变换给出了无限大地层和有界地层的精确解和渐近解;通过拉氏数值反演和渐近解分析了分形油藏粘弹性液体流动特征·　探讨了改变分形参数时压力变化规律·     

粘弹体中裂纹演化的细观力学分析

根据Eshelby等效夹杂理论研究含残币形裂纹的粘弹体中裂纹张开位移随时间的缓慢增大以及含裂纹粘弹性体的等效模量随时间的变化。对于Maxwell粘弹性材料给出了模量随时间变化的显式表达式,结果表明裂纹的缓慢张开使材料模量减小更快。     

聚合物时温等效模型有限元应用研究

为更好地描述聚合物材料力学性能的温度相关性问题,对目前广泛应用的WLF模型进行改进研究,并引入“零时间”因子提高了粘弹性材料变温松弛模量的获取精度.在此基础上基于ABAQUS用户材料子程序UTRS将时温等效模型应用到数值计算中.根据不同温度水平下的应力松弛实验获得模型参数,并通过等速拉伸实验与数值结果的对比验证了该模型及其有限元方法的可行性及正确性.结果表明:引入“零时间”因子的变温松弛模量精度更高;改进WLF模型对复合推进剂具有更好的适用性和更高的精确度.     

饱和多孔介质粘弹性理论

本文讨论了饱和多孔介质的粘弹体本构关系。把Lee的弹性和粘弹性比拟理论,拓展到饱和多孔介质领域内。用比拟理论解出了饱和粘性土的常载和变载的一维固结问题,并利用比拟理论的属性,可以由简单的粘弹性本构关系来推求复杂的本构关系,得到了粘弹性地基上的粘弹性梁板问题的解答。由此初步形成了饱和多孔介质粘弹性比拟法的完整理论。     

Krattenthaler反演公式的简短证明

为了提出研究Lagrange反演关系的统一方法,Krattenthaler建立了算子方法,并由此得到一个广泛的反演关系:Gould-Hsu-Carliz-Krattenthaler反演公式.本文利用Lagrange插值公式给出它的一个简短证明,进一步地证明在Lagrange插值的意义下,该反演关系是唯一性的.     

反演声波阻尼系数的另一种方法

提出了一种方法,利用正则化方法和积分方程,由散射波的近场数据反演时间调和声波阻尼系数.给出了该方法收敛性的证明及数值例子,算法与数值例子表明这种方法不仅简单而且很有效.     

各向异性介质中带衬砌的圆形结构与SH波相互作用

本文利用复变函数方法求解各向异性介质中带衬砌的圆形结构与ＳＨ波的相互作用问题。各向异性介质可以用来模拟地质条件。利用文献［５］中的方法则可决定介质中的散射波，再利用圆形结构上给出的边界条件，则可对问题进行求解，作为算例，本文给出了在一种各向异性介质中，二种不同材料组成的圆形带衬砌的结构与ＳＨ波相互作用问题的数值分析结果，并予以讨论。     

介质反射系数的反演方法及其计算机实现

1 引言 本文考虑横向均匀的声波介质,利用脉冲平面波垂直入射,根据表面测量数据来直接反演介质的反射系数. 由于介质反射系数与介质声阻抗有着相互依赖的关系,人们以前的注意力都主要集中在声阻抗的反演问题上.如Syms讨论了解的存在性、唯一性等理论问题.张关泉从一维波动方程出发,研究了由阻抗反演声速的问题.顾桂定和张关泉就声阻抗的反演做过数值实验.Bube等人也对声阻抗反演问题进行过探讨. 本文从声波方程和应力—应变方程的联立方程组出发,导出一种直接反演介质反射系数的数值方法,不需要先求声阻抗,再由声阻抗求反射系数.值得指出的是利用这种方法可以导出一种非常有效的同时反演介质声速和密度的计算方法.详见文献[4]. 就本文提出的算法,利用SGI工作站做了大量数值实验,结果表明本算法稳定性好、精确度高.同时给出了由反射系数求声阻抗的例子.     

Banach空间内一类含松弛-(H,η)-调算子的广义混合拟似变分包含组

在Banach空间内,引入和研究了一类新的含松弛-(H,η)-单调算子的广义混合拟似变分包含组.利用松弛-(H,η)-单调算子的豫解算子技巧,给出了求这类广义混合拟似变分包含组近似解的一个新逼近算法,并证明了由这个新算法生成的迭代序列强收敛于该变分包含组的精确解.文章结果改进与推广了近期文献中的相应结果.     

PTFE膜材的应力松弛性能及预测模型分析

对建筑用PTFE(聚四氟乙烯)膜材进行了5种温度(23,40,50,60,70℃)下的单轴应力松弛试验,考虑了初始拉伸速度(2,5,10,20 N/s)对于膜材应力松弛性能的影响,分析得到了材料的松弛模量变化规律,采用几种常见的粘弹性本构关系模型对试验曲线进行了拟合对比分析.研究发现PTFE膜材表现出了明显的应力松弛特性,且受温度和初始拉伸速度影响较明显;随温度的增加,膜材的应力松弛速度越快,最终稳定应力值越大;随着初始拉伸速度的增加,最终稳定应力值越小,应力松弛速度基本相同;大部分粘弹性本构关系模型能够对PTFE膜材的应力松弛行为做出较好的预测,少量模型预测效果较差,这主要与本构关系模型的组成形式有关系.     

Modeling viscoelastic response of particulate polymeric composites with high volume fractions of fillers

A generalized self-consistent method is extended to particulate viscoelastic composites with elastomeric matrices and high volume fractions of elastic inclusions. It is shown that the effective bulk modulus of a composite coincides with the bulk modulus of particles. A quadratic operator equation is derived for an analog of the effective shear relaxation kernel. This equation is explicitly solved using the Laplace transform method. The influence of material and geometrical parameters of a composite on its effective viscoelastic moduli is analyzed numerically.     

Parametric vibrations of cylindrical shells with a viscoelastic core

The method of calculating the axisymmetric and nonaxisymmetric parametric vibrations of a cylindrical shell bonded to an elastic core [2] is extended to the case of hollow and solid viscoelastic cores by substituting for the material moduli in the equations of motion of the core integral operators with kernels in the form of an exponential and a sum of exponentials. Expressions are given for the reaction of the viscoelastic core, together with the equation of the boundaries of the spectrum of principal regions of dynamic instability. The effect of relaxation time and the long-term modulus of elasticity of the core on the shape and location of the regions of dynamic instability is analyzed.     

A Technique for Determining the Elastic and Dissipative Properties of Orthotropic Composites in Shear

A new method is presented for the characterization of three principal complex shear moduli of linear viscoelastic orthotropic materials, which is based on the measurement of complex torsional vibration frequencies of three rods of rectangular cross section. The rod-type test specimens are cut out from a composite plate along the principal material axes in the reinforcement plane. It is shown that the torsional stiffness of an elastic rod can be calculated not only by means of the Saint-Venant torsion theory, but also using a relationship obtained from the Reissner-Mindlin theory of plates. The transfer to a viscoelastic model of the material with complex moduli is realized with the help of the correspondence principle. By applying a numerical sensitivity analysis of natural frequencies to the shear moduli, the advisable width-to-thickness ratios of the specimens are found. As an illustration of data processing, the dynamic shear moduli and the loss factors for a GFRP fabric with an epoxy matrix are calculated. A comparison of the method offered with some known static and dynamic methods for determining the shear moduli of orthotropic materials is given.     

Jump conditions in stress relaxation and creep experiments of Burgers type fluids: a study in the application of Colombeau algebra of generalized functions

We discuss stress relaxation and creep experiments of fluids that are generalizations of the classical model due to Burgers by allowing the material moduli such as the viscosities and relaxation and retardation times to depend on the stress. The physical problem, which is cast within the context of one dimension, leads to an ordinary differential equation that involves nonlinear terms like product of a function with a jump discontinuity and the derivative of a function with a jump discontinuity. As the equations are nonlinear, standard techniques that are used to study problems concerning linear viscoelastic fluids such as Laplace transforms and the theory of distributions are not applicable. We find it necessary to seek the solution in a more general setting. We discuss the mathematical and physical issues concerning the jump discontinuities and nonlinearity of the governing equation, and we show that the solution to the governing equation can be found in the sense of the generalized functions introduced by Colombeau. In the framework of Colombeau algebra we, under certain assumptions, derive jump conditions that shall be used in stress relaxation and creep experiments of fluids of the Burgers type. We conclude the paper with a discussion of the physical relevance of these assumptions.     

Fundamental solution of generalized thermo-viscoelasticity using the finite element method

The present paper is aimed at an investigation of the temperature, displacement, and stress in a viscoelastic half space of Kelven–Voigt type. The formulation is applied according to three theories of generalized thermoelasticity: Lord–Shulman with one relaxation time, Green–Lindsay with two relaxation times, as well as the coupled theory. The nondimensional governing equations are solved by the finite element method. Numerical results for the temperature distribution, displacement, and thermal stress are represented graphically. Comparisons are made with the results predicted by the CD, L-S, and G-L theories in the presence and absence of the viscoelastic relaxation time.     

Computational treatment of free convection effects on perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid

We introduced a magnetohydrodynamic model of boundary-layer equations for a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid. This model is applied to study the effects of free convection currents with one relaxation time on the flow of a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid through a porous medium, which is bounded by a vertical plane surface. The state space approach is adopted for the solution of one-dimensional problems. The resulting formulation together with the Laplace transform technique is applied to a thermal shock problem and a problem for the flow between two parallel fixed plates, both without heat sources. Also a problem for the semi-infinite space in the presence of heat sources is considered. A discussion of the effects of cooling and heating on a perfectly conducting viscoelastic fluid is given. Numerical results are illustrated graphically for each problem considered.     

A viscoelastic constitutive modeling of rubber-like materials with the Payne effect

This paper aims to present a viscoelastic constitutive model of rubber-like materials, which can capture the Payne effect under dynamic cyclic loadings. The Payne effect is induced by a damage process of bond rupture inside the rubber-like materials, which leads to the storage and loss moduli changing with the dynamic strain amplitude. A viscoelastic constitutive relation is established based on the nonequilibrium thermodynamics for the rubber-like materials by constructing the Helmholtz free energy as the superposition of a hyperelastic model and a convolution viscous model. The neo-Hookean hyperelastic model and the convolution viscous model in terms of the Prony series are then employed in a modification that the material parameters concerned are treated as internal variables and can be identified through a simple but effective approach. At last, the Payne effect is effectively predicted in a good agreement with experimental results.     

Construction of Strongly Time-Consistent Subcores in Differential Games with Prescribed Duration

A Couette flow of a viscoelastic medium is considered that is described by the Johnson–Segalman–Oldroyd model with two relaxation times. The development of singularities related to the appearance of internal discontinuities is studied both analytically and numerically within one-dimensional nonstationary hyperbolic models of viscoelastic Maxwell-type media. A numerical model for calculating nonstationary one-dimensional discontinuous solutions is constructed, discontinuous solutions are studied, and the hysteresis phenomenon, i.e., the dependence of the structure of a steady Couette flow on the prehistory of its formation, is analyzed.     

Uniqueness of the solution to the secular equation for viscoelastic surface waves

A technique of complex analysis is employed to show that the secular equation for Rayleigh waves in viscoelastic half-spaces always admits only one complex root. This solution corresponds to an admissible surface wave which is the counterpart of the well-known elastic Rayleigh wave and exists for arbitrary values of the viscoelastic moduli.