最大度不小于4的Halin图的强边着色

图G的强边着色是指图G的边着色使得G的任何一条长至多为3的路上的边所着的颜色两两不同.图G的强色指数是指对G进行强边着色所需用的最少颜色数.本文研究了最大度至少为4的Halin图的强色指数,进而部分地证明了W.C.Shiu等人提出的一个猜想.     

收缩临界5-连通图的平均度

M．Kriesell证明了收缩临界5-连通图的平均度不超过24并猜想收缩临界5-连通图的平均度小于10．本文构造了一个反例证明M．Kriesell的猜想不成立并给出了收缩临界5-连通图平均度新的上界．     

三类笛卡尔积图的关联色数

图的关联色数的概念是 Brualdi和 Massey于 1 993年引入的 ,它同图的强色指数有密切的关系 .Guiduli[2 ] 说明关联色数是有向星萌度的一个特殊情况 ,迄今仅确定了某些特殊图类的关联色数 .本文给出了完全图与完全图、圈与完全图、圈与圈的笛卡尔积图的关联色数。     

循环图的转发指数

本文研究了循环网络的转发指数.利用循环图是Cayley图的性质,获得循环图的点转发指数和边转发指数紧的上界和下界.并确定了一些网络的转发指数.     

一类双色有向图的本原指数上界

利用圈矩阵和图论的相关知识,研究一类双色有向图,它的未着色图中包含n+m-4个顶点,一个n-圈和一个m-圈,给出了本原条件和指数上界,并对达到指数上界的极图进行了刻画.     

树T中γL=γt的若干充分条件

全九γt和小控制数γL是图的两个重要的控制参数。本文探讨并给出了在树中γL与γt相等的一些充分条件。同时，利用中介点组理顺了树中不同点集之间的关系，为证明关于γL与γt比值的上界不超过3／2的猜想提供了一个重要思路。     

组合合成阵本原指数的一个上界

讨论n阶正对角元本原矩阵A的r级组合合成Cr(A)，得到了它的本原指数的上界：r(Cr(A))≤n-r，r=1，2，…，n，解决了文[4]中的一个猜想．进而得出，设Mr={Cr(A)|A是n阶正对角元本原矩阵}，Mr中所有合成阵的本原指数集填满{1，2，…，n-r}．     

关于图的符号边全控制数

引入了图的符号边全控制的概念,给出了一个连通图G的符号边全控制数γs′t(G)的下限,确定所有n阶树T的最小符号边全控制数,并刻划了满足γs′t(G)=E(G)的所有连通图G,最后还提出了一个关于γs′t(G)上界的猜想.     

自然数乘法分拆数的上界估计

本文给出自然数乘法分拆数 f(n) 的上界的一个估计式,并基本上解决了关于f(n) 的上界的一个猜想.     

方程(dx/dt)=x~n sum from i=0 to (n-1) a_i(t)x~2的闭解的个数及存在的条件

本文给出方程n＝3时分别正好存在1个闭解，3个闭解，以及至少存在2个闭解的充分条件，并研究了这些闭解的稳定性．当n＝4且ai（t）（i＝0，1，2，3）为t的P次多项式时，文[1]曾猜想其时闭解重数的上界为max｛4，p＋3｝．本文举例指出，即使p＝3，闭解重数的上界也可以大于7．这说明该猜想不成立     

Distance edge-colourings and matchings

We consider a distance generalisation of the strong chromatic index and the maximum induced matching number. We study graphs of bounded maximum degree and Erd?s–Rényi random graphs. We work in three settings. The first is that of a distance generalisation of an Erd?s–Ne?et?il problem. The second is that of an upper bound on the size of a largest distance matching in a random graph. The third is that of an upper bound on the distance chromatic index for sparse random graphs. One of our results gives a counterexample to a conjecture of Skupień.     

子立方无爪图的单射边色数至多为6

设$G$是一个图. 图$G$的一个单射边染色是指图$G$的一个边染色, 使得距离为$2$的两条边或者在同一个三角形中的两条边染不同的颜色. 图$G$的单射边色数是指图$G$的任意单射边染色所需要的最少颜色数. 关于单射边色数有一个猜想: 任意一个子立方图的单射边色数都不超过$6$. 在本文中, 我们证明了这个猜想对子立方无爪图是成立的, 并且给出图例说明上界$6$是紧的. 同时, 我们的证明隐含了求解这类图不超过$6$种颜色的单射边染色方案的一个线性时间算法.     

Vizing's coloring algorithm and the fan number

Most upper bounds for the chromatic index of a graph come from algorithms that produce edge colorings. One such algorithm was invented by Vizing [Diskret Analiz 3 (1964), 25–30] in 1964. Vizing's algorithm colors the edges of a graph one at a time and never uses more than Δ+µ colors, where Δ is the maximum degree and µ is the maximum multiplicity, respectively. In general, though, this upper bound of Δ+µ is rather generous. In this paper, we define a new parameter fan(G) in terms of the degrees and the multiplicities of G. We call fan(G) the fan number of G. First we show that the fan number can be computed by a polynomial‐time algorithm. Then we prove that the parameter Fan(G)=max{Δ(G), fan(G)} is an upper bound for the chromatic index that can be realized by Vizing's coloring algorithm. Many of the known upper bounds for the chromatic index are also upper bounds for the fan number. Furthermore, we discuss the following question. What is the best (efficiently realizable) upper bound for the chromatic index in terms of Δ and µ ? Goldberg's Conjecture supports the conjecture that χ′+1 is the best efficiently realizable upper bound for χ′ at all provided that P ≠ NP . © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 65: 115–138, 2010     

On the topological lower bound for the multichromatic number

In 1976, Stahl [14] defined the m-tuple coloring of a graph G and formulated a conjecture on the multichromatic number of Kneser graphs. For m=1 this conjecture is Kneser’s conjecture, which was proved by Lovász in 1978 [10]. Here we show that Lovász’s topological lower bound given in this way cannot be used to prove Stahl’s conjecture. We obtain that the strongest index bound only gives the trivial m⋅ω(G) lower bound if m≥|V(G)|. On the other hand, the connectivity bound for Kneser graphs is constant if m is sufficiently large. These findings provide new examples of graphs showing that the gaps between the chromatic number, the index bound and the connectivity bound can be arbitrarily large.     

完全图的广义Mycielski图的邻强边染色

对|V(G)|≥3的连通图G,若κ-正常边染色法满足相邻点的色集合不相同,则称该染色法为κ-邻强边染色,其最小的κ称为图G的邻强边色数。张忠辅等学者猜想:对|V(G)|≥3的连通图G,G≠C_5其邻强边色数至多为△(G)+2,利用组合分析的方法给出了完全图的广义Mycielski图的邻强边色数,从而验证了图的邻强边染色猜想对于此类图成立。     

Outerplanar and Planar Oriented Cliques

The clique number of an undirected graph G is the maximum order of a complete subgraph of G and is a well‐known lower bound for the chromatic number of G. Every proper k‐coloring of G may be viewed as a homomorphism (an edge‐preserving vertex mapping) of G to the complete graph of order k. By considering homomorphisms of oriented graphs (digraphs without cycles of length at most 2), we get a natural notion of (oriented) colorings and oriented chromatic number of oriented graphs. An oriented clique is then an oriented graph whose number of vertices and oriented chromatic number coincide. However, the structure of oriented cliques is much less understood than in the undirected case. In this article, we study the structure of outerplanar and planar oriented cliques. We first provide a list of 11 graphs and prove that an outerplanar graph can be oriented as an oriented clique if and only if it contains one of these graphs as a spanning subgraph. Klostermeyer and MacGillivray conjectured that the order of a planar oriented clique is at most 15, which was later proved by Sen. We show that any planar oriented clique on 15 vertices must contain a particular oriented graph as a spanning subgraph, thus reproving the above conjecture. We also provide tight upper bounds for the order of planar oriented cliques of girth k for all .     

Maximum Genus of Strong Embeddings

The strong embedding conjecture states that any 2-connected graph has a strong embedding on some surface. It implies the circuit double cover conjecture: Any 2-connected graph has a circuit double cover.Conversely, it is not true. But for a 3-regular graph, the two conjectures are equivalent. In this paper, a characterization of graphs having a strong embedding with exactly 3 faces, which is the strong embedding of maximum genus, is given. In addition, some graphs with the property are provided. More generally, an upper bound of the maximum genus of strong embeddings of a graph is presented too. Lastly, it is shown that the interpolation theorem is true to planar Halin graph.     

一类完全多部图的色可选择性

如果一个图G的选择数等于它的色数,则称该图G是色可选择的．在2002年, Ohba给出如下猜想:每一个顶点个数小于等于2X(G) 1的图G是色可选择的．容易发现Ohba猜想成立的条件是当且仅当它对完全多部图成立,但是目前只是就某些特殊的完全多部图的图类证明了Ohba猜想的正确性．在本文我们证明图K6,3,2*(k-6),1*4(k≥6)是色可选择的,从而对图K6,3,2*(k-6),1*4(k≥6)和它们的所有完全k-部子图证明了Ohba猜想成立．     

4一致(ξ)-超图的最小边数的上界

主要讨论了4一致l-超图的最小边数与最小上色数的关系,给出了上色数为3的4一致l-超图的最小边数的一个上界.     

Colourings of oriented connected cubic graphs

In this note we show every orientation of a connected cubic graph admits an oriented 8-colouring. This lowers the best-known upper bound for the chromatic number of the family of orientations of connected cubic graphs. We further show that every such oriented graph admits a 2-dipath 7-colouring. These results imply that either the oriented chromatic number for the family of orientations of connected cubic graphs equals the 2-dipath chromatic number or the long-standing conjecture of Sopena (Sopena, 1997) regarding the chromatic number of orientations of connected cubic graphs is false.