分裂扩张的稳定自同构群

本文给出有限群的分裂的Abel扩张的稳定自同构群的计算.作为应用,给出了循环群的半直积的自同构群的结构,它包括了若干已知结果,如文[1]的全部结果,并解决了[1]提出的问题.     

有限秩的幂零群的自同构

设幂零群G=KP=PK,其中P是有限秩的幂零π-群,K是G的有限秩的π′-自由的正规子群.π不属于K的谱Sp(K),设1=ζ0Gζ1G…ζcG=G是G的上中心列,α和β是G的两个自同构,把α和β在每个商因子ζiG/ζ(i—1)G上的诱导自同构分别记为αi和βi,记Ii:=Im(αiβi—βiαi),则(i)当每个Ii都是有限循环群,并且I:=〈(αβ(g))(βα(g))(-1)|g∈G〉是G的有限子群时,α和β生成一个可解的几乎Abel群.(ii)当每个Ii或者是有限循环群,或者是秩1的可除群,或者是C⊕D,其中C是循环群,D是秩1的可除群,或者是无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii有正规子群列1JiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群,无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii=D⊕Ji,其中D是秩1的可除群,Ji为无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii有正规列1KiJiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群,秩1的可除群,无挠的局部循环群时,β和β生成一个可解的NAF-群.特别地,如果α和β是A的两个π′-自同构,那么(iii)当每个Ii都是有限循环群,并且I:=〈(αβ(g))(βα(g))(-1)|g∈G〉是有限群时,α和β生成的群是有限幂零π-群被有限Abelπ′-群的扩张.(iv)当每个Ii或者是有限循环群,或者是秩1的可除群,或者是C⊕D,其中C是循环群,D是秩1的可除群时,α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限π∪π′-群,它是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限可解π∪π′-群的扩张.(v)当每个Ii或者是有限循环群,或者是秩1的可除群,或者是C⊕D,其中C是循环群,D是秩1的可除群,或者是无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii有正规子群列1JiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群,无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii=D⊕Ji,其中D是秩1的可除群,Ji为无挠的局部循环群,或者Ii有正规列1KiJiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群,秩1的可除群,无挠的局部循环群时,α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限π∪π′-群,它的幂零长度至多是4.当K是FC-群时,在情形(v)中,α和β生成的群是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限可解π∪π′-群的扩张.此外,如果G=KP,K是一个FC-群,对G的下中心列考虑了类似的问题,得到了对偶的结果.     

有限秩的幂零π-群的自同构

设G 是有限秩的幂零π-群, α 和β 是G 的两个自同构. 设1=ς₀G < ς₁G < …< ς_cG=G是G 的上中心列, 把α 和β 在每个商因子ς_iG/ς_i-1G 上的诱导自同构分别记为α_i 和β_i. 如果每个Im(α_iβ_i-β_iα_i) 或者是循环群, 或者是T⊕D, 其中T 是循环群, D 是秩1 的可除群, 那么α 和β 生成一个可解的NAF-群. 特别地, 如果α 和β 是G 的两个π′- 自同构, 那么
(i) 当每个Im(α_iβ_i-β_iα_i) 都是循环群时, α 和β 生成的群是有限幂零π- 群被有限Abel π′- 群的扩张.
(ii) 当每个Im(α_iβ_i-β_iα_i) 或者是循环群, 或者是T⊕D, 其中T 是循环群, D 是秩1 的可除群时, α 和β 生成一个剩余有限π ∪ π′- 群A, A 有正规列1≤C≤B≤A, 其中C 是有限生成的无挠幂零群, B/C 是有限幂零π- 群, A/B 是有限Abel π′- 群.
此外, 对于G 的下中心列考虑了类似的问题, 得到了对偶的结果.     

有限ATI-群的类保持Coleman自同构

设G是一个有限群,对G的任意阿贝尔子群A及任意g∈G,若A∩A~g=1或A,则称G为一个ATI-群.本文证明了,对任意p∈τ(G),如果ATI-群G的一个p-方幂阶类保持自同构在G的任意Sylow子群上的限制等于G的某个内自同构的限制,则它必定是一个内自同构.作为该结果的一个直接推论,我们也证明了有限ATI-群G有正规化性质.     

分裂扩张的稳定自同构群

本文给出有限群的分裂的Ａｂｅｌ扩张的稳定自同构群的计算．作为应用,给出了循环群的半直积的自同构群的结构,它包括了若干已知结果,如文［１］的全部结果,并解决了［１］提出的问题．     

有限秩的幂零p-群的p-自同构

设G是一个有限秩的幂零p-群,α和β是G的两个p-自同构,记I= ((αβ(g))(βα(g))-1)|g∈G),则(i)当I是有限循环群时,α和β生成一个有限P-群; (ii)当I是拟循环p-群时,α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限P-群,它是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限p-群的扩张．     

有限秩的幂零群的自同构(Ⅰ)

研究了有限秩的幂零群的自同构,证明了定理设幂零群G=KP,其中P是有限秩的幂零p-群,K是G的有限秩的p′-自由的正规子群,p不属于K的谱S_p(K).设α和β是G的两个p-自同构,记I:= <(αβ(g))·(βα(g))~(-1)|g∈G>,则(i)当I是有限循环群时,α和β生成一个有限p-群;在下列2种情形下,α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限p-群,它是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限p-群的扩张.(ii)当I=Z_p∞时;(iii)当I=Z_pm⊕Z_p∞时;在下列4种情形下,α和β也生成一个可解的剩余有限p-群,它的幂零长度至多是3.(iv)当I是无挠的局部循环群时;(v)当I有子群列1相似文献   

有限秩的幂零群的自同构(Ⅱ)

设幂零群G=KP=PK,其中P是有限秩的幂零p-群,K是G的有限秩的p-自由的正规子群,p不属于K的谱Sp(K).设1=ζ0Gζ1G···ζcG=G是G的上中心列,α和β是G的两个p-自同构,把α,β在每个ζiG/ζi-1G上的诱导自同构分别记为αi和βi,又记Ii:=Im(αiβi-βiαi),则(i)如果每个Ii都是有限循环群,并且I:=(αβ(g))(βα(g))-1|g∈G是G的有限子群,那么α和β生成一个有限p-群;(ii)如果Ii或为有限循环群,或为拟循环p-群,或为Zpn⊕Zp∞对某自然数n,那么α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限p-群,它是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限p-群的扩张;(iii)如果Ii或为有限循环群,或为拟循环p-群,或为Zpn⊕Zp∞,或为无挠的局部幂零群,或Ii有正规列1JiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群、无挠的局部幂零群,或Ii=Zp∞⊕Ji,Ji为无挠的局部幂零群,或Ii有正规列1KiJiIi,其商因子分别为有限循环群、拟循环p-群、无挠的局部循环群,那么α和β生成一个可解的剩余有限p-群,它的幂零长度至多是3.特别地,当K是一个FC-群时,在情形(iii),α和β生成的群也是有限生成的无挠幂零群被有限p-群的扩张.此外,如果G=KP里,K是一个FC-群,对G的下中心列考虑了类似的问题,得到了"对偶"的结果.     

拟极小外p-自同构不动点子群为p阶的p-群

阶为某素数p的方幂的自同构如果不是内自同构,则称其为外p-自同构.如果φ是群G的外p-自同构且o(φ)=p,其中φ是φ在Out(G)=Aut(G)/Inn(G)中的自然同态像,则称φ为群G的拟极小外p-自同构.设φ是有限p-群G的任意拟极小外p-自同构,给出了|C_G(φ)|≤p时G的结构.     

一类p-群的自同构群的阶

设 P 为奇素数,P~4阶群 G(121)=,a~p=b~p=c~p=d~p=1,[b,d]=a,[c,d]=b.本文给出了 G/Z(G)≌G_(121),Z(G)循环的群 G 的完全分类,并给出其中一些群的自同构群的阶,它们是自同构群的阶为 p~n 的p~(n-1)阶群,n≥6.从而完整地得到了:对一切奇素数 p,存在群 G 使|A(G)|=p~n 的最小 n 是6.     

Steinberg triality groups acting on 2 - (v, k, 1) designs

A 2 - (v,k,1) design D = (P, B) is a system consisting of a finite set P of v points and a collection B of k-subsets of P, called blocks, such that each 2-subset of P is contained in precisely one block. Let G be an automorphism group of a 2- (v,k,1) design. Delandtsheer proved that if G is block-primitive and D is not a projective plane, then G is almost simple, that is, T ≤ G ≤ Aut(T), where T is a non-abelian simple group. In this paper, we prove that T is not isomorphic to 3D4(q). This paper is part of a project to classify groups and designs where the group acts primitively on the blocks of the design.     

本原群的p-中心自同构及其应用

设$G$是一个本原群,证明了存在某个素数$p$使得$G$的每个$p$-中心自同构是内自同构. 作为应用,证明了$G$的全形的每个Coleman自同构均为内自同构. 特别地,正规化子性质对对所讨论的这些群都成立. 另外也得到了其他一些相关结果.     

Characterization of automorphism groups of sporadic simple groups

It is proved that all automorphism groups of the sporadic simple groups are characterized by their element orders and the group orders.     

Geometric automorphism groups of graphs

Constructing symmetric drawings of graphs is NP-hard. In this paper, we present a new method for drawing graphs symmetrically based on group theory. More formally, we define an n-geometric automorphism group as a subgroup of the automorphism group of a graph that can be displayed as symmetries of a drawing of the graph in n dimensions. Then we present an algorithm to find all 2- and 3-geometric automorphism groups of a given graph. We implement the algorithm using Magma [〈http://magma.maths.usyd.edu.au〉] and the experimental results show that our approach is very efficient in practice. We also present a drawing algorithm to display 2- and 3-geometric automorphism groups.     

The conjugacy problem for Dehn twist automorphisms of free groups

A Dehn twist automorphism of a group G is an automorphism which can be given (as specified below) in terms of a graph-of-groups decomposition of G with infinite cyclic edge groups. The classic example is that of an automorphism of the fundamental group of a surface which is induced by a Dehn twist homeomorphism of the surface. For , a non-abelian free group of finite rank n, a normal form for Dehn twist is developed, and it is shown that this can be used to solve the conjugacy problem for Dehn twist automorphisms of . Received: February 12, 1996.     

Isomorphisms of Kac-Moody groups

We give the solution of the isomorphism problem for Kac-Moody groups over algebraically closed fields of any characteristic. In particular, we prove a conjecture of Kac and Peterson and compute the automorphism group of a Kac-Moody group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. Mathematics Subject Classification (2000) 17B40, 20E36, 20E42, 20G15, 22E65, 51E24     

Finite groups with an almost regular automorphism of order four

P. Shumyatsky’s question 11.126 in the “Kourovka Notebook” is answered in the affirmative: it is proved that there exist a constant c and a function of a positive integer argument f(m) such that if a finite group G admits an automorphism ϕ of order 4 having exactly m fixed points, then G has a normal series G ⩾ H ⩽ N such that |G/H| ⩽ f(m), the quotient group H/N is nilpotent of class ⩽ 2, and the subgroup N is nilpotent of class ⩽ c (Thm. 1). As a corollary we show that if a locally finite group G contains an element of order 4 with finite centralizer of order m, then G has the same kind of a series as in Theorem 1. Theorem 1 generalizes Kovács’ theorem on locally finite groups with a regular automorphism of order 4, whereby such groups are center-by-metabelian. Earlier, the first author proved that a finite 2-group with an almost regular automorphism of order 4 is almost center-by-metabelian. The proof of Theorem 1 is based on the authors’ previous works dealing in Lie rings with an almost regular automorphism of order 4. Reduction to nilpotent groups is carried out by using Hall-Higman type theorems. The proof also uses Theorem 2, which is of independent interest, stating that if a finite group S contains a nilpotent subgroup T of class c and index |S: T | = n, then S contains also a characteristic nilpotent subgroup of class ⩽ c whose index is bounded in terms of n and c. Previously, such an assertion has been known for Abelian subgroups, that is, for c = 1. __________ Translated from Algebra i Logika, Vol. 45, No. 5, pp. 575–602, September–October, 2006.     

Coleman Automorphisms of Extensions of Finite Characteristically Simple Groups by Some Finite Groups

Let G be an extension of a finite characteristically simple group by an abelian group or a finite simple group.It is shown that every Coleman automorphism of G is an inner automorphism.Interest in such automorphisms arises from the study of the normalizer problem for integral group rings.     

On local automorphisms of group algebras of compact groups

We show that with few exceptions every local isometric automorphism of the group algebra of a compact metric group is an isometric automorphism.

     

Weakly power automorphisms of groups

An automorphism α of a group G is called a weakly power automorphism if it maps every non-periodic subgroup of G onto itself. The aim of this paper is to investigate the behavior of weakly power automorphisms. In particular, among other results, it is proved that all weakly power automorphisms of a soluble non-periodic group G of derived length at most 3 are power automorphisms, i.e. they fix all subgroups of G. This result is best possible, as there exists a soluble non-periodic group of derived length 4 admitting a weakly power automorphism, which is not a power automorphism.