变分方法与反向上下解

本文在非线性方程的下解不小于上解这一条件（即反向上下解条件）下研究了其解的存在性．我们证明了，如果非线性算子方程有变分结构，有一对反向上下解，对应的算子映某个锥入锥并且满足一定的辅助条件，那么这一方程在锥中至少有两个解．另外，本文还研究了反向上下解条件下非线性椭圆边值问题正解的存在性．     

具无穷时滞中立型高维非线性系统的周期解

通过构造算子利用Krasnoselskii不动点定理和线性系统的指数二分性讨论了一类具有无穷时滞非线性中立型高维周期微分系统的周期解存在性问题．得到保证系统存在周期解的新的充分条件．     

Banach空间中的广义Hη增生算子及其在变分包含中的应用

在Banach空间中,引入和研究了新的广义H-η-增生算子,对广义m-增生算子与H-η-单调算子提供了一个统一的框架．还定义了广义H-η-增生算子相应的预解算子,并且证明了其Lipschitz连续性．作为应用,考虑了涉及广义H-η-增生算子的一类变分包含问题的可解性．利用预解算子方法,构造了一个求解变分包含的迭代算法．在适当假设下,证明了变分包含解的存在性和由算法生成的迭代序列的收敛性．     

一类具有逐段常变量微分方程正周期解存在惟一性

利用全连续算子的特征值与α-凹(凸)算子理论,得到了一类具有逐段常变量微分方程正周期解存在性、惟—性及其对参数连续依赖的充分条件．     

Banach空间中的多值拟变分包含

引入和研究了Banach空间中的多值拟变分包含问题．借助预解算子技巧,建立了某些解的存在性定理及解的迭代逼近．文中所给出的结果改进和推广了许多人的最新结果．     

抽象空间中非线性算子方程变号解的存在性研究

利用Banach空间中的锥理论和不动点定理讨论了非线性算子方程变号解的存在性,给出了E_u_0空间下非线性算子方程变号解至少有一个变号解、一个正解和一个负解的条件,并讨论了仅通过一个上解条件得出非线性算子方程变号解的存在性定理.     

带梯度算子二阶方程的渐近概周期解

利用渐近概周期函数的性质得到带梯度算子二阶方程的渐近概周期解在C（R^-）中的存在性．同时利用迭代法和线性常微分方程的概周期解的存在性和唯一性,得到R上此方程渐近概周期解的存在和唯一性．     

含有广义p-Laplacian算子的非线性椭圆边值问题和m增生映射的值域北大核心CSCD

证明了m增生映射的一个值域扰动结论并用于讨论一类含有广义p-Laplacian算子的非线性椭圆边值问题在L^2（Ω）中解的存在性．探究了非线性椭圆边值问题的解与m增生映射零点的关系．构造了迭代序列用以弱收敛或强收敛到非线性椭圆边值问题的解．本文采用了构造新算子和拆分方程的技巧,推广和补充了以往的相关研究成果．     

线性算子双半群及在间断和脉冲微分方程中的应用(英)

研究抽象Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中线性微微分方程的可解性,利用算子双半群方法,讨论了在确定时间跳跃或脉冲的线性微分方程解的存在性,表明在一定条件下间断或脉冲方程的解存在唯一．     

一类K-单调系统产生的K-单调算子

本文研究了Ｋ－单调系统的解的渐近性质．应用Ｋ－单调算子的性质,得到了保证Ｋ－单调系统的正周期解的存在性、唯一性、全局渐近稳定性的充分条件．     

受冲击性约束作用的系统的运动方程

当具有n个自由度的系统加有P个冲击性的约束时,要求解系统的运动,一般都需要解含n+P个方程的方程组.本文提出以待定乘子法为基础,分别就取广义坐标和伪坐标的二种情况,从n个碰撞方程中消去未知的待定乘子,将碰撞方程简化为n-P个,它和P个冲击性约束方程一起组成了含n个方程的方程组,就能求解具有冲击性约束的碰撞问题,这比一般方法更为简便.     

Limit relations for three simple hyperbolic systems of conservation laws

This paper is concerned with the limit relations from the Euler equations of one‐dimensional compressible fluid flow and the magnetohydrodynamics equations to the simplified transport equations, where the δ‐shock waves occur in their Riemann solutions of the latter two equations. The objective is to prove that the Riemann solutions of the perturbed equations coming from the one‐dimensional simplified Euler equations and the magnetohydrodynamics equations converge to the corresponding Riemann solutions of the simplified transport equations as the perturbation parameterx ε tends to zero. Furthermore, the result can also be generalized to more general situations. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

抽象函数空间的连续小波变换和微分方程

主要讨论了抽象函数的某些微分方程和相应的积分方程之间的关系;通过连续小波变换将这些微分方程能够转换为相应的积分方程;这些微分方程和相应的积分方程在弱收敛意义下是等价的.     

On the difference approximations of overdetermined hyperbolic equations of classical mathematical physics

Issues concerning difference approximations of overdetermined systems of hyperbolic equations are examined. The formulations of extended overdetermined systems are given for hydrodynamics equations, magnetohydrodynamics equations, Maxwell equations, and elasticity equations. Some approaches to the construction of difference schemes are discussed for these systems.     

Existence of solutions for the MHD-Leray-alpha equations and their relations to the MHD equations

In this paper we derive some new equations and we call them MHD-Leray-alpha equations which are similar to the MHD equations. We put forward the concept of weak and strong solutions for the new equations. Whether the 3-dimensional MHD equations have a unique weak solution is unknown, however, there is a unique weak solution for the 3-dimensional MHD-Leray-alpha equations. The global existence of strong solution and the Gevrey class regularity for the new equations are also obtained. Furthermore, we prove that the solutions of the MHD-Leray-alpha equations converge to the solution of the MHD equations in the weak sense as the parameter ε in the new equations converges to zero.     

Explicit traveling wave solutions of five kinds of nonlinear evolution equations

First of all, by using Bernoulli equations, we develop some technical lemmas. Then, we establish the explicit traveling wave solutions of five kinds of nonlinear evolution equations: nonlinear convection diffusion equations (including Burgers equations), nonlinear dispersive wave equations (including Korteweg-de Vries equations), nonlinear dissipative dispersive wave equations (including Ginzburg-Landau equation, Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation and Benjamin-Bona-Mahony-Burgers equation), nonlinear hyperbolic equations (including Sine-Gordon equation) and nonlinear reaction diffusion equations (including Belousov-Zhabotinskii system of reaction diffusion equations).     

Invariant Simultaneous Solutions of Evolution Equations of Integrable Hierarchies

We construct classical point symmetry groups for joint pairs of evolution equations (systems of equations) of integrable hierarchies related to the auxiliary equation of the method of the inverse problem of second order. For the two cases: the hierarchy of Korteweg--de Vries (KdV) equations and of the systems of Kaup equations, we construct simultaneous solutions invariant with respect to the symmetry group. The problem of the construction of these solutions can be reduced, respectively, to the first and second Painlevé equations depending on a parameter. The Painlevé equations are supplemented by the linear evolution equations defining the deformation of the solution of the corresponding Painlevé equation.     

The general equations of analytical dynamics

It is shown that the generalized Poincaré and Chetayev equations, which represent the equations of motion of mechanical systems using a certain closed system of infinitesimal linear operators, are related to the fundamental equations of analytical dynamics. Equations are derived in quasi-coordinates for the case of redundant variables; it is shown that when an energy integral exists the operator X₀ = ∂/∂t satisfies the Chetayev cyclic-displacement conditions. Using the energy integral the order of the system of equations of motion is reduced, and generalized Jacobi-Whittaker equations are derived from the Chetayev equations. It is shown that the Poincaré-Chetayev equations are equivalent to a number of equations of motion of non-holonomic systems, in particular, the Maggi, Volterra, Kane, and so on, equations. On the basis of these, and also of other previously obtained results, the Poincaré and Chetayev equations in redundant variables, applicable both to holonomic and non-holonomic systems, can be regarded as general equations of classical dynamics, equivalent to the well-known fundamental forms of the equations of motion, a number of which follow as special cases from the Poincaré and Chetayev equations.     

推导刚体动力学方程的张量方法

本文提出了基于连续介质力学概念推导刚体动力学方程的张量方法,运用具有零共旋率的惯性张量的时间导数公式,证明了Lagrange方程、Nielsen方程、Gibbs-Appell方程、Kane方程和广义动量式Kane方程等五种方法的等价性,给出了角速度、角加速度之间的一些微分关系式.     

More common errors in finding exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations: Part I

In the recent paper by Kudryashov [11] seven common errors in finding exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations were listed and discussed in detail. We indicate two more common errors concerning the similarity (equivalence with respect to point transformations) and linearizability of differential equations and then discuss the first of them. Classes of generalized KdV and mKdV equations with variable coefficients are used in order to clarify our conclusions. We investigate admissible point transformations in classes of generalized KdV equations, obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions of similarity of such equations to the standard KdV and mKdV equations and carried out the exhaustive group classification of a class of variable-coefficient KdV equations. Then a number of recent papers on such equations are commented using the above results. It is shown that exact solutions were constructed in these papers only for equations which are reduced by point transformations to the standard KdV and mKdV equations. Therefore, exact solutions of such equations can be obtained from known solutions of the standard KdV and mKdV equations in an easier way than by direct solving. The same statement is true for other equations which are equivalent to well-known equations with respect to point transformations.