共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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离子液体作为潜在的“绿色”溶剂,具有许多传统溶剂无法比拟的优异性能,在有机合成、催化、液液分离和萃取等领域引起了广泛的研究。而在离子液体领域无机材料的制备是一个较新的发展分支,现已利用其合成出多种具有独特结构和性能的无机材料。本文就离子液体在无机材料制备方面的应用及发展趋势进行了综述。目前,对于制备无机材料,离子液体主要是作为电解液、表面活性剂或溶剂,本文介绍了其在应用中的优缺点,并指出该领域未来的发展趋势是离子热合成和集模板-溶剂-反应物于一身的离子液体反应。 相似文献
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离子液体是一种有机盐,在接近室温下呈液状.离子液体是难挥发、极性高的溶剂,它能溶解很多种有机、无机和金属有机化合物.虽然有越来越多的人报道了有关离子液体在有机合成中的应用,但是在聚合过程中的应用却很少.然而在近几年,科学家证明了离子液体在聚合物的合成中的作用很大.在以离子液体为介质的自由基聚合反应中,kp/kt 会增大.尤其是在原子转移自由基聚合中,以离子液体作为溶剂有助于聚合物与残余催化剂的分离.本文主要阐述了原子转移自由基聚合反应的基本原理、特点以及离子液体在原子转移自由基聚合中的应用,并且还介绍了其他研究者的工作和原子转移自由基聚合的发展前景. 相似文献
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无机纳米材料的合成是纳米科学发展的前提和基础之一。区别于传统的高温湿化学合成法,光化学方法在无机纳米材料的合成中表现出许多优点,并在近年来受到了广泛关注。本文分三个部分综述了近年来光化学方法在无机纳米材料合成中的应用,具体包括贵金属纳米材料的光化学合成与负载,半导体纳米材料的光化学合成以及表面等离子体共振诱导的各向异性金属纳米晶合成。最后,在总结光化学方法在无机纳米材料合成中体现出的优势及目前研究仍存在不足的基础上,我们对其未来可能的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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新型室温离子液体六烷基胍盐的制备及性质 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
近年来 ,离子液体 (IL)作为“绿色”溶剂受到学术和工业界的关注 .英国 BP公司和法国的 IFP等研究机构从 2 0世纪 80年代起就开始探索离子液体作为溶剂与催化剂的可能性 ,至今在离子液体体系中已实现了许多催化反应 [1~ 5] .室温离子液体 (RTIL S)是指在常温下呈液态的熔盐体系 .通常由烷基吡啶或双烷基咪唑季铵阳离子与氯铝酸根、氟硼酸根及氟磷酸根等阴离子组成 .在季铵盐类离子液体中 ,咪唑盐的合成和应用研究尤为突出 .目前 ,对于既可作为溶剂又可作为催化剂的室温离子液体的合成和应用已成为研究热点 [6 ] ,如室温离子液体 [EMI… 相似文献
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《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2003,9(13):2938-2944
Room temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) have attracted a great deal of interest as environmentally benign (green) solvents for organic synthesis. More recently, RTILs that are chiral, less expensive, or functionalized (protic or Lewis basic) have been developed. In many cases, these new solvents are based on the modification of natural products. This paper is an overview of these new biorenewable RTILs. 相似文献
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Surfactant-free nonaqueous (and/or nonhydrolytic) sol-gel routes constitute one of the most versatile and powerful synthesis methodologies for nanocrystalline metal oxides with high compositional homogeneity and purity. Although the synthesis protocols are particularly simple, involving only metal oxide precursors and common organic solvents, the obtained uniform nanocrystals exhibit an immense variety of sizes and shapes. The small number of reactants in these routes enables the study of the chemical mechanisms involved in metal oxide formation. Nonhydrolytic routes to inorganic nanomaterials that used surfactants as size- and shape-controlling agents have been discussed recently. This Minireview supplements this topic by discussing surfactant-free processes, which have become a valuable alternative to surfactant-assisted as well as to traditional aqueous sol-gel chemistry routes. 相似文献
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Hansen solubility parameters (HSPs) were established by Hansen in 1967 and predict miscibility between different material systems. So far, HSP theory works across polymers, crystalline bulk solids and nanomaterials and can be used to identify single solvents or, more likely, blends of solvents that deliver not only the initial solubility but also control it during reaction processes. This minireview summarizes the recent progress on HSP theory to optimize dispersion, exfoliation, synthesis, and device fabrication of inorganic nanomaterials. First, we briefly introduce HSP theory and determination of HSPs. Then, we discuss in detail the utilization of HSPs for inorganic nanomaterials, focusing on carbon nanomaterials, two-dimensional non-graphene nanomaterials, and metal oxide nanoparticles. Finally, challenges and perspectives of HSP theory in inorganic nanomaterials are reviewed. 相似文献
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Anderson JL Ding J Welton T Armstrong DW 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2002,124(47):14247-14254
Room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs) are useful in many chemical applications. Recent publications have attempted to determine the polarity of RTILs using empirical solvent polarity scales. The results have indicated that most RTILs have similar polarities. Nevertheless, RTILs are capable of behaving quite differently when used as solvents in organic synthesis, matrixes in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry, liquid-liquid extraction, and as stationary phases in gas chromatography. The work presented in this study uses a linear free energy approach to characterize 17 RTILs on the basis of their distinct multiple solvation interactions with probe solute molecules. This model provides data that can be used to help identify the interactions and properties that are important for specific chemical applications. 相似文献
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[reaction: see text] Fructose has been used as the starting material for the preparation of a new class of room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). These liquids exhibit tunable solvent properties much like conventional imidazole-based RTILs. They have been applied as recyclable solvents for the Heck reaction of aryl iodides. 相似文献
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Baghbanzadeh M Carbone L Cozzoli PD Kappe CO 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2011,50(48):11312-11359
Colloidal inorganic nanocrystals stand out as an important class of advanced nanomaterials owing to the flexibility with which their physical-chemical properties can be controlled through size, shape, and compositional engineering in the synthesis stage and the versatility with which they can be implemented into technological applications in fields as diverse as optoelectronics, energy conversion/production, catalysis, and biomedicine. The use of microwave irradiation as a non-classical energy source has become increasingly popular in the preparation of nanocrystals (which generally involves complex and time-consuming processing of molecular precursors in the presence of solvents, ligands and/or surfactants at elevated temperatures). Similar to its now widespread use in organic chemistry, the efficiency of "microwave flash heating" in dramatically reducing overall processing times is one of the main advantages associated with this technique. This Review illustrates microwave-assisted methods that have been developed to synthesize colloidal inorganic nanocrystals and critically evaluates the specific roles that microwave irradiation may play in the formation of these nanomaterials. 相似文献
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Christian Balischewski Hyung-Seok Choi Karsten Behrens Alkit Beqiraj Thomas Körzdörfer André Geßner Dr. Armin Wedel Prof. Dr. Andreas Taubert 《ChemistryOpen》2021,10(2):272-295
Metal sulfides are among the most promising materials for a wide variety of technologically relevant applications ranging from energy to environment and beyond. Incidentally, ionic liquids (ILs) have been among the top research subjects for the same applications and also for inorganic materials synthesis. As a result, the exploitation of the peculiar properties of ILs for metal sulfide synthesis could provide attractive new avenues for the generation of new, highly specific metal sulfides for numerous applications. This article therefore describes current developments in metal sulfide nanoparticle synthesis as exemplified by a number of highlight examples. Moreover, the article demonstrates how ILs have been used in metal sulfide synthesis and discusses the benefits of using ILs over more traditional approaches. Finally, the article demonstrates some technological challenges and how ILs could be used to further advance the production and specific property engineering of metal sulfide nanomaterials, again based on a number of selected examples. 相似文献
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无机纳米材料在能源、生物医学等领域应用非常广泛,过去几十年间关于无机纳米材料合成方法的研究一直受到广泛关注。自然界中普遍存在的生物矿化过程赋予了生物体合成含有特殊结构和功能的无机纳米材料的能力。微生物体系合成的无机纳米材料具有环境友好、成本低廉、生物相容性好等优点,正成为纳米材料科学的一个重要研究领域。我们主要聚焦于微生物体系合成无机纳米材料的机理、影响因素、材料分类及其应用,总结了近年来关于微生物体系合成无机纳米材料的研究历程,并对该领域面临的挑战及未来的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献