离子液体的量化计算及分子动力学模拟研究进展

离子液体是由有机阳离子和无机/有机阴离子构成的盐类,一般在室温或接近于室温下呈液态,因此常被称为室温离子液体(RTIL).依据不同的划分标准,离子液体有多种分类方式:根据年代的不同可将离子液体分为第一代、第二代及第三代离子液体,例如:烷基咪唑和烷基吡啶的金属卤化物盐等[1];根据阳离子的不同可将离子液体分为季鏻     

树枝形结构“液体分子筛”的设计合成及性质研究

<正>离子液体是由有机阳离子和无机或有机阴离子构成在室温或室温附近温度下呈液体状态的有机物质.而聚合离子液体是一类每个重复单元中带有离子液体基团的特殊的聚电解质.这种功能性的离子液体高聚物在导电材料、有机反应催化、气体吸附以及萃取     

离子液体包裹纳米金修饰金电极用于鲁米诺电致化学发光的研究

室温离子液体是由有机阳离子和无机阴离子或有机阴离子组成的室温熔融盐,由于其优异的化学催化、生物催化和化学反应性能而在化学和工业方面受到广泛的关注和运用.离子液体也应用于合成纳米金属材料特别是纳米金~([1～3]),纳米金作为一种化学和生物催化性能良好的纳米金属材料也应用于鲁米诺的液相电致化学发光研究~([4]).本研究将巯基功能化离子液体应用于纳米金的合成,并将不同粒径的离子液体包裹的纳米金修饰金电极然后用于鲁米诺电极化学发光的研究.     

S-烷基噻吩类离子液体及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

离子液体(或室温熔盐)是含有有机阳离子和一般无机阴离子或有机阴离子的离子材料.它们不含中性分子而且通常具有低于373K的熔点.离子液体的熔点、热和电化学稳定性、粘度,极大地受到阴/阳离子类型的影响,可以通过适当选择阴/阳离子对来调控其亲水性或亲油性错误!未找到引用源.     

S-烷基噻吩类离子液体及其在染料敏化太阳能电池中的应用

离子液体（或室温熔盐）是含有有机阳离子和一般无机阴离子或有机阴离子的离子材料。它们不含中性分子而且通常具有低于373K的熔点。离子液体的熔点、热和电化学稳定性、粘度，极大地受到阴／阳离子类型的影响，可以通过适当选择阴／阳离子对来调控其亲水性或亲油性错误!未找到引用源。     

室温离子液体的研究进展

对室温离子液体的制备及性能的研究进展进行了评述。室温离子液体的阳离子多为有机含氮杂环阳离子，阴离子通常为体积较大的无机阴离子。室温离子液体用作溶剂，具有液态温度范围宽、溶解能力强、蒸气压低、粘度高、电化学窗口宽等特点，在有机合成、电化学、无机物溶液化学方面具有广阔的应用前景。     

氢键催化的脂肪醚C—O/C—O键闭环复分解反应构建含氧杂环化合物

正无金属催化由于能避免金属对合成化合物的污染,在有机合成中占有重要的地位.其中,氢键催化是实现这一目标的有效途径,但是它取决于催化系统能否形成氢键~([1]).离子液体是一种由有机阳离子和有机或无机阴离子组成的室温熔融盐,通过对阳离子和阴离子的结构的精准设计可以获得独特的性能,因而在催化领域具有广泛的应用~([2]).近年来,通过氢键作用实现离子液体在有机反应中的高效催化引起了化学家的关注~([3]).     

新型环状六烷基胍盐室温离子液体的合成及相转移催化性质研究

离子液体是由一个大的有机阳离子和一个较小的无机或有机阴离子组成的在室温或近于室温下呈液态的熔盐体系.它对大部发有机物和部分无机物具有很好的溶解性能、无毒没有蒸气压、处于液体范围广、可以调节阳离子和负离子的结构来调节离子液体的各项性质、可重复利用等性能.近几年来,由于其独特的性质得到了世界各国化学工作者的广泛关注[1].     

离子液体媒介电致化学发光及其分析应用

离子液(Room temperature ionic liquid,RTIL)作为一种新兴的"绿色"溶剂,是完全由有机阳离子和无机阴离子组成,在室温下或室温附近呈液态的盐类化合物.离子液体具有许多独特的物理化学性质,如:蒸气压低、热稳定性和化学稳定性高、电化学窗口宽、粘度较高、导电率高(高离子强度)、可变温度范围宽等,离子液体非常适用于电化学研究.     

室温离子液体在过渡金属催化反应中的应用研究进展

室温离子液体(RTILs)是在室温或近于室温下呈液态的由离子构成的盐类．如图1所示，RTILs按阳离子类型可以分为4类：烷基季铵盐离子；烷基季鳞盐离子；N，N-二烷基咪唑离子和N-烷基吡啶离子．按阴离子可分为：氯化盐 AlX3(X=卤素)和含有RF1^-,PF6^-等阴离子的离子液体．     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes: synthesis,characterization and their applications in the C-N coupling and α-arylation of ketones using aryl chlorides

N-Heterocyclic carbene-palladacyclic complexes 3 were successfully achieved in a one-pot procedure under mild conditions. The structure of 3a was unambiguously confirmed by X-ray single crystal diffraction and it was an active catalyst in the Buchwald-Hartwig amination and α-arylation of ketones even at very low catalyst loadings (0.01?mol%).     

Iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction using terminal alkyne as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines and fused-nitrogen heterocycles

An efficient iodine-mediated oxidative Pictet-Spengler reaction in dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) using terminal alkynes as the 2-oxoaldehyde surrogate for the synthesis of aryl (9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indol-1-yl)methanones is described. The scope of the protocol includes the total synthesis of Fascaplysin, Eudistomins Y₁ and Y₂. The methodology is extended for preparing pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoxaline and indolo[1,5-a]quinoxaline derivatives. The utility of 1-aroyl-β-carbolines was demonstrated by performing palladium-catalyzed β-carboline directed ortho-C(sp2)-H functionalization of the phenyl ring with thiomethyl (SMe) group using DMSO as source and for accessing 4-aryl-canthin-6-ones.     

Facile synthesis of bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones

In this Letter, we described a facile method for constructing fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-one ring system. We employed various methylene-containing carboxylic acids as the substrates and proved that the pyrazolone ring closure requires activated methylene group in intermediate II. Accordingly, a series of structurally diversified, fused bicyclic 1-arylpyrazol-5-ones was prepared in moderate to high yields using the requisite substrates.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.