以水作溶剂微波法合成1,4-二氢苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]嘧啶类衍生物

以芳香醛、2-氨基苯并咪唑和丙二腈为原料,用传统法和微波辐射法三组分一锅煮法合成1,4-二氢苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]嘧啶类化合物。反应均在无催化剂条件下以水作反应溶剂进行。结果表明,采用微波辐射优于常规方法,三组分摩尔比n(2-氨基苯并咪唑)∶n(丙二腈)∶n(取代苯甲醛)=1∶1.1∶1,辐射功率400 W,时间为6～8 min时,1,4-二氢苯并咪唑并[1,2-a]嘧啶的收率在85%以上,反应速率比常规加热条件下提高70倍。通过荧光发射光谱研究证实,该系列化合物具有明显的荧光性质,其荧光发射峰位于480～550 nm。     

微波辐射下2-芳氧甲基苯并咪唑类化合物的合成

以多聚磷酸和4 mol/L盐酸(PPA-HCl)作催化剂, 在微波辐射条件下合成了13种2-芳氧甲基苯并咪唑类化合物, 其中6种尚未见报道. 其结构经元素分析, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR及MS确证. 与经典方法相比, 微波条件下的反应具有时间短、收率高等优点. 反应物邻苯二胺与芳氧基乙酸的物质的量比为1∶1.1, 催化剂PPA与HCl的最佳比例为1∶1(体积比), 最适宜的微波辐射功率为650～850 W, 反应时间为10～15 min.     

离子液体[Etpy]BF_4催化苯并咪唑类化合物的微波合成及其抗菌活性

在微波辐射下,离子液体[Etpy]BF4催化邻苯二胺与取代芳醛(或直链醛)的反应,合成了12个2-取代苯并咪唑类化合物(2a~2 l),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征。最佳反应条件为:邻苯二胺1 mmol,芳醛1mmol,无水乙醇6 mL,[Etpy]BF40.2 mmol,于25℃/500 W反应2 h~3 h,产率78.6%~97.7%。初步生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物对革兰氏阴性菌和革兰氏阳性菌都具有较好的抑制活性。     

微波辐射下2-苯并咪唑的绿色合成

以氯化铵为催化剂,以分子氧为绿色氧化剂,邻苯二胺和芳香醛为原料,微波辐射下高选择性地合成了一系列2-取代苯并咪唑类化合物。其结构经元素分析、IR、NMR得以确证,结果与文献值相符。该方法与传统方法相比,具有反应时间短,后处理简单、选择性好等优点。     

微波辐射快速合成2-(2＇-羟苯基)-5(6)取代苯并咪唑衍生物

苯并咪唑衍生物具有一定的抗病毒能力[1],一些苯并咪唑衍生物已用作农用抗植物病毒剂[2].一锅煮合成反应时间较长,产率中等[3,4].本文用取代邻苯二胺和水杨酸为原料,吡啶为溶剂,POCl3为催化剂,微波辐射法合成了标题化合物.     

bronsted酸性离子液体催化合成阿司匹林

以邻苯二胺和环丙基甲酸为原料,以多聚磷酸(PPA)为催化剂,在微波辐射下合成了环丙基苯并咪唑,用碘甲烷季胺化得到未见文献报道的环丙基苯并咪唑盐,通过苯并咪唑盐与Grignard试剂加成后水解反应制备环丙基甲基酮。经元素分析和红外光谱、质谱、核磁共振测试技术表征确证了结构。环丙基甲基酮为无色液体,合成环丙基甲基酮方法的产率为67%,为环丙基甲基酮提供了一种未见文献报道的合成方法。     

微波协同离子液体催化合成马来酸二丁酯

以马来酸酐和正丁醇为原料,用微波协同离子液体[HSO3-pmim]+[HSO4]-催化合成了马来酸二丁酯。通过单因素实验和正交试验考察催化剂种类、催化剂用量、马来酸酐与正丁醇物质的量比、微波功率、微波时间对马来酸二丁酯产率的影响。实验结果表明,马来酸二丁酯最佳合成条件为:马来酸酐与正丁醇物质的量比1∶4,以离子液体[HSO3-pmim]+[HSO4]-为催化剂,其用量为2.0g,微波功率为600W,微波时间为15min,马来酸二丁酯产率可达到99.36%。在微波辐射下,催化剂离子液体[HSO3-pmim]+[HSO4]-重复使用7次后活性没有明显降低,马来酸二丁酯产率仍高于96%,表明该催化剂具有较好的反应活性和稳定性。与常规加热方式相比,微波加热提高了反应效率,缩短了反应时间。     

微波辐射下苯并(口恶)唑基吡啶的合成

含有苯并唑基的杂环化合物由于其特殊的生理活性而广泛用作医药、农药[1];因为具有较高的荧光量子产率,还可作为荧光增白剂、闪烁剂[2]等。现有合成方法反应时间长[3,4],而且需高温下进行。微波辐射下的有机合成具有反应时间短、产率高的特点[5]。本文在微波辐射条件下,利用邻氨基酚和吡啶羧酸的缩合反应,合成了2种苯并唑基取代吡啶。其优化反应条件为:多聚磷酸为催化剂,微波输出功率为500W,辐射时间4分钟。相比于常规反应,该条件下的反应速率是常规加热法反应速率的60倍且产率有所提高。合成路线如下:ppA=Polyphosphoricacid1　…     

不同载体固载氯化铁催化合成2-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑的研究

<正>苯并咪唑类化合物是一类重要的有机合成中间体[1],具有良好的生物活性(如:抗肿瘤[2]、抗病毒[3]和消炎[4]等),在药物合成和生物化学的研究发展方面有着广泛的应用[3]。因此,2-苯基-1H-苯并咪唑的研究一直倍受人们的关注,近年来它的合成方法研究取得了很大的进展。     

微波加热和常规加热下功能化离子液体催化合成丁二酸二辛酯

分别在微波辐射和常规加热下,以具有丙烷磺酸基功能基团的离子液体为催化剂催化丁二酸和正辛醇 合成丁二酸二辛酯,考察了其阴、阳离子对催化剂活性的影响.相比常规加热,微波加热提高了反应效率,缩短了反应时间.以[ PyPS]HSO4为催化剂,研究了催化剂用量、醇酸比和反应时间对酯化率的影响.结果表明:当催化剂用量为丁二酸的3wt％,酸醇比(丁二酸∶正辛醇)1∶4,反应温度150℃,反应时间15 min,功率400W时,酯化率达到95.74％.此外,微波辐射下[PyPS]HSO4催化剂重复使用6次后活性没有明显降低,酯化率仍有93.58％.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.     

α-Amino acid derived enaminones and their application in the synthesis of N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates and other heterocycles

A new and simple synthesis of novel N-protected methyl 5-substituted-4-hydroxypyrrole-3-carboxylates, which exist in equilibrium with their 4-oxo tautomers, has been developed in two steps starting from N-protected α-amino acids. The key intermediates are enaminones, which can also be isolated, characterized, and used for the construction of other functionalized heterocycles, before they spontaneously decompose to pyrrole products. 4-Hydroxypyrroles are prone to partial aerial oxidation but can be efficiently alkylated or reduced to stable polysubstituted pyrrolidine derivatives.     

Specific intramolecular aromatic CH insertion of diazosulfonamides

The chemoselectivity in the intramolecular CH insertion of various diazosulfonamides has been experimentally studied. The results reveal that the aliphatic 1,4-, 1,5-, or 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions of diazosulfonamides are not accessible, while the aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion can be realized specifically by adjusting the diazo-adjacent group. In addition, the general chemoselectivities in the intramolecular CH insertions of diazosulfonyl compounds are summarized. Generally, diazosulfones undergo both aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H and aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions, while diazosulfonates undergo aliphatic 1,5- and 1,6-C(sp³)?H insertions. However, diazosulfonamides only undergo aromatic 1,5-C(sp²)?H insertion.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed stereoselective ring expansion of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds

Microwave-assisted copper-catalyzed ring expansions of three-membered heterocycles with α-diazo-β-dicarbonyl compounds were investigated. Thiiranes generated 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines in the presence of copper sulfate and trans-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-thiiranes through an intramolecular S_N2 process. Oxiranes gave rise to 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines under the catalysis of copper hexafluoroacetylacetonate and cis-3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines as stereospecific products for 1,2-disubstituted cis-oxiranes via an intimate ion-pair mechanism. The current method provides a direct and simple strategy in efficient preparation of 3-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-oxathiines and 2-acyl-5,6-dihydro-1,4-dioxines, important agents in medicinal and agricultural chemistry, from readily available thiiranes and oxiranes, respectively.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.