Cd(Ⅱ)和ATP的结合位点的NMR研究

用NMR方法研究了金属镉离子在ATP(嘌呤三磷酸腺苷)上的配位点.测量了不同pH值时由于Cd²⁺的存在而引起的¹H,¹⁵N及³¹P的化学位移和³¹P－³¹P中的偶合常数的变化以及由ATP的存在所引起的¹¹³Cd的化学位移的变化.结果表明,在pH＞4.5的条件下,ATP主要以磷酸根和N₇同时对Cd²⁺配位;在pH值2.5～4.5的条件下,ATP主要以磷酸根和N₁同时对Cd²⁺配位,还存在少量的磷酸根和N₇同时配位的模式;而在酸性非常强的条件下(pH＜2.5),ATP不再与Cd²⁺相互作用。     

1,5-萘二胺衍生物的密度泛函理论研究

用量子化学的密度泛函理论方法,在B3LYP/6 31G水平上,对N,N′ 二苯基 N,N′ 二(1 萘基) 1,5 萘二胺(NPN)进行了理论计算.结果发现:NPN有两个平衡构型(trans NPN,cis NPN),trans NPN比cis NPN稳定,谐振动频率分析表明它们都是稳定构型.在PM3/CIS水平上计算了它们的电子光谱,得到了由基态到各激发态的垂直跃迁能和相应的振子强度,计算结果与实验符合得很好.     

一种pH荧光探针的合成及光谱研究

设计合成了一种pH荧光分子探针2,5-双(4-羟基-苯亚甲基)环戊酮,并对其光谱性能进行了研究.pH滴定实验表明:探针的紫外吸收和荧光光谱对溶液的pH值有很强的依赖性.当体系溶液由酸性变为碱性时,探针紫外吸收光谱发生明显的红移,并伴有溶液颜色的显著变化.荧光光谱强度在酸性条件下随pH的变化不大,而在碱性条件下荧光强度则...     

具有伸展构象的温度和pH双重敏感的P(DEAM-co-MAA)水凝胶的合成与性质研究

分别在碱性条件(pH 9.48)和中性条件(pH 7.00)下, 通过自由基聚合合成了具有伸展构象的、温度和pH双重敏感的P(DEAM-co-MAA)水凝胶. 凝胶的去溶胀动力学和扫描电镜图表明: 在碱性溶液中MAA中的羧基(COOH)解离为羧基阴离子(COO^－), 羧基阴离子之间的静电斥力加强, 导致高分子链的伸展构象, 所得的凝胶具有伸展构象、伸展的网络结构和良好的刺激响应行为.     

吡啶酮系偶氮染料解离平衡的^15NNMR和IR波谱

报道了四个富氮-15吡啶酮偶氮染料的氮-15核磁共振中β-氮原子的化学位移,研究了氮-15原子和pH值之间的关联.当样品溶液从酸性转成碱性,β-氮-15原子的化学位移从366-380PPM移到500PPM,相应于从腺型到偶氮阴离子结构.根据各种pH值的化学位移可计算腺结构的含量,用IR证实了这一系列化合物的酸碱离解平衡.在酸性或中性条件下,固态化合物的二个羰基吸收,在碱性条件下变成只有一个羰基吸收峰,其它官能团的吸收峰表明了与平衡的位移的相应变化.     

氧氟沙星的核磁共振波谱性质研究

结合1H, 13C NMR, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC谱和碳氟偶合裂分行为, 对酸性及碱性溶液中氧氟沙星(Ofloxacin, OFL)的1H和13C谱分别进行归属, 研究了哌嗪环亚甲基构成的AA'BB'复杂自旋体系中各H的化学位移. 发现噁嗪环上的甲基处于直立键; 5H在酸性溶液中化学位移移向低场, 这可能与形成C—H…O弱氢键有关; 在碱性溶液中, OFL的羧基变为羧酸根, 造成羧基和羰基周围碳原子上π电子重新分布, 导致相应C的化学位移和碳氟偶合常数发生明显变化.     

一种具有双重功能的可视化pH荧光探针的合成及光谱研究

以二烯单酮结构为荧光团,酚羟基为脱质子基团,合成了一种具有双重功能的可视化pH荧光分子探针.pH滴定实验表明,探针的紫外吸收和荧光光谱均对溶液的pH值有很强的依赖性,当体系溶液由酸性变为碱性时,探针的紫外吸收光谱发生明显的红移,并伴有溶液颜色的显著变化;荧光光谱强度在酸性条件下随pH值的变化不大,而在碱性条件下随pH值...     

新型N,N′-二(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺合铜(II)和镍(Ⅱ)及N-(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺合铜(Ⅱ)的合成、晶体结构及抑菌活性

在乙醇和水的混合溶液中,将N,N′-二(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺(1)与氯化铜反应,获得配合物Cu(Ⅱ)L1.H2O.0.25CH3CH2OH(2)[L1=N,N′-二(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺];当将反应混合溶液的pH值调至8~9,获得Cu(Ⅱ)ClL2.3H2O(3)[L2=N-(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺];将N,N′-二(邻氧乙酸)苄叉丙二胺(1)与氯化镍反应,获得配合物Ni(Ⅱ)L1.2.75H2O(4).用元素分析、1H NMR和IR谱等方法对所合成的化合物1和配合物2~4进行了表征,并测定了配合物2~4的晶体结构.在配合物2中,铜原子为六配位[CuN2O4],在配合物3中,铜原子为六配位[CuN2O3Cl],在配合物4中,镍原子为六配位[NiN2O4],三个配合物均为畸变八面体结构.抑菌活性大小的顺序:配合物3>配合物2>化合物1.     

偶氮染料吸附和光催化氧化动力学

以甲基橙和酸性大红两种偶氮染料为模拟污染有机物,对它们的暗吸附和光催化氧化行为进行研究.实验结果表明,两种偶氮染料的吸附受溶液酸碱度影响很大,酸性（pH=3）条件下,两种染料吸附量都很大,酸性大红吸附量更大；近中性（pH≈6）时两种染料的吸附显著减少；碱性（pH=9）条件下两种染料不发生吸附.光催化反应结果显示,碱性条件或酸性条件下两种染料降解速度都很快.说明在不同酸碱度条件下,光催化反应按不同机理进行.酸性条件下,反应在催化剂表面进行,在碱性介质中,光催化氧化在溶液中进行.提出了一个碱性条件下的动力学方程,经过进一步简化,可以得到表观一级方程,形式上和准一级L-H方程十分相似,但其含义不同.     

镧系离子核磁共振探针法在分子构象研究中的应用——三种核苷酸分子在水溶液中的构象分析

本文应用镧系离子作为核磁共振探针的方法,研究了5′-CMP,5-AMP以及5′-IMP三种核苷酸在酸性水溶液中的构象分布。将实验测得的~1H NMR谱的镧系诱导假接触位移、纵向弛豫速率增强以及邻位自旋耦合常数等数据用计算机进行分析处理。结果表明,核苷酸分子在水溶液中的构象以一组构象异构体平衡共存。与晶态相比,分子中绕单键旋转的二面角以及戊糖环的折叠形式均有一定的变化,但碱基仍以稳定的反式存在。用镧系离子核磁共振探针法作溶液中分子构象分析是一种定量化的方法。同时对镧系诱导假接触位移、顺磁弛豫加强数据以及邻位自旋耦合常数、NOE数据进行综合分析可以得出可靠的结果。通常,分子在溶液中以一系列构象异构体平衡共存。     

Chemical shifts in nucleic acids studied by density functional theory calculations and comparison with experiment

NMR chemical shifts are highly sensitive probes of local molecular conformation and environment and form an important source of structural information. In this study, the relationship between the NMR chemical shifts of nucleic acids and the glycosidic torsion angle, χ, has been investigated for the two commonly occurring sugar conformations. We have calculated by means of DFT the chemical shifts of all atoms in the eight DNA and RNA mono-nucleosides as a function of these two variables. From the DFT calculations, structures and potential energy surfaces were determined by using constrained geometry optimizations at the BP86/TZ2P level of theory. The NMR parameters were subsequently calculated by single-point calculations at the SAOP/TZ2P level of theory. Comparison of the (1) H and (13) C?NMR shifts calculated for the mono-nucleosides with the shifts determined by NMR spectroscopy for nucleic acids demonstrates that the theoretical shifts are valuable for the characterization of nucleic acid conformation. For example, a clear distinction can be made between χ angles in the anti and syn domains. Furthermore, a quantitative determination of the χ angle in the syn domain is possible, in particular when (13) C and (1) H chemical shift data are combined. The approximate linear dependence of the C1' shift on the χ angle in the anti domain provides a good estimate of the angle in this region. It is also possible to derive the sugar conformation from the chemical shift information. The DFT calculations reported herein were performed on mono-nucleosides, but examples are also provided to estimate intramolecularly induced shifts as a result of hydrogen bonding, polarization effects, or ring-current effects.     

1,7‐Dideaza‐2′‐deoxy‐6‐nitronebularine: a pyrrolo[2,3‐b]pyridine nucleoside with an intramolecular hydrogen bond stabilizing the syn conformation

The title compound [systematic name: 1‐(2‐deoxy‐β‐D‐erythro‐pentofuranosyl)‐4‐nitro‐1H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐b]pyridine], C₁₂H₁₃N₃O₅, forms an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the pyridine N atom as acceptor and the 5′‐hydroxy group of the sugar residue as donor. Consequently, the N‐glycosylic bond exhibits a syn conformation, with a χ torsion angle of 61.6 (2)°, and the pentofuranosyl residue adopts a C2′‐endo envelope conformation (²E, S‐type), with P = 162.1 (1)° and τ_m = 36.2 (1)°. The orientation of the exocyclic C4′—C5′ bond is +sc (gauche, gauche), with a torsion angle γ = 49.1 (2)°. The title nucleoside forms an ordered and stacked three‐dimensional network. The pyrrole ring of one layer faces the pyridine ring of an adjacent layer. Additionally, intermolecular O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds stabilize the crystal structure.     

7‐Deaza‐2′‐deoxyinosine: a nucleoside showing ambiguous base‐pairing properties against the four canonical DNA constituents

The title compound [systematic name: 7‐(2‐deoxy‐β‐d ‐erythro‐pentofuranosyl)‐3,7‐dihydro‐4H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidin‐4‐one], C₁₁H₁₃N₃O₄, represents an acid‐stable derivative of 2′‐deoxyinosine. It exhibits an anti glycosylic bond conformation, with a χ torsion angle of 113.30 (15)°. The furanose moiety adopts an S‐type sugar pucker ⁴T₃, with P = 221.8 (1)° and τ_m = 40.4 (1)°. The conformation at the exocyclic C4′—C5′ bond of the furanose ring is ap (trans), with γ = 167.14 (10)°. The extended structure forms a three‐dimensional hydrogen‐bond network involving O—H...O, N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds. The title compound forms an uncommon hydrogen bond between a CH group of the pyrrole system and the ring O atom of the sugar moiety of a neighbouring molecule.     

CCl2自由基与H2O分子反应动力学研究

用213 nm激光光解CCl4产生CCl2自由基，用LP LIF技术测定了室温下基态CCl2自由基与H2O分子的反应速率常数为(5.45±0.95)×10－14 cm3•molecule－1•s－1.在G2MP2理论水平上计算了CCl2＋H2O反应的最低单重态势能面，揭示了插入与加成 消除两种反应机理，得到了三个可能的产物通道:HCl＋HClCO、HCl＋trans ClCOH以及HCl＋cis ClCOH.并用RRKM TST和传统过渡态理论计算了这三个通道的分支比及其温度效应.结果说明在低温下（273 K），插入机理的产物通道的分支比远大于加成 消除机理的产物通道， HCl＋HClCO是主要产物，分支比为77.4％，其次是HCl＋cis ClCOH，分支比为22.6％.而在高温下（3000 K），加成 消除机理的反应通道大于插入机理， HCl＋trans ClCOH分支比为82.3％.     

Theoretical studies on conformational preferences of modified nucleic acid base N6-(N-glycylcarbonyl) adenine

Conformational preferences of modified nucleic acid base N⁶-(N-glycylcarbonyl) adenine, gc⁶Ade, have been investigated using the quantum chemical PCILO (Perturbative configuration interaction using localized orbitals) method. The multidimensional conformational space has been searched using selected grid points formed by combining various torsion angles that take favored values derived from energy variation with respect to each torsion angle individually. The theoretically predicted most stable, minimum energy conformation of the molecule is such that the substituent on N(6) spreads away from the imidazole moiety of the adenine ring, thus keeping distal orientation. The preferred molecular orientation is stabilized by an intramolecular hydrogen bond from N(11)H of the amino acid to N(1) of the adenine. The carboxylic group of the substituent is trurned away in relation to N(11)H…?N(1) and is perpendicular to the plane through the rest of the molecule The alternative stable conformation corresponding to an 0.8 kcal/mol higher energy has a coplanar carboxylic group turned towards the same side as N(11)H…?N(1) and is exhibited in the crystal structure of the nucleoside derivative, gc⁶A. Energetically, the carboxyl group may change its orientation over a wide range, without much destabilization. This suggests probing by the carboxyl group of the molecular environment in the vicinity of the anticodon in tRNA.     

Puckering transition of proline residue in water

The puckering transition of the proline residue with trans and cis prolyl peptide bonds was explored by optimizations along the torsion angle chi1 of the prolyl ring using quantum-chemical methods in water. By analyzing the potential energy surfaces and local minima in water, it is observed that the puckering transition of the proline residue proceeds from a down-puckered conformation to an up-puckered one and vice versa through the transition state with an envelope form having the N atom at the top of the envelope and not a planar one, as seen in the gas phase, although the backbone conformations are different in the gas phase and in water. The barriers to the puckering transition DeltaGup-->down are estimated to be 3.12 and 3.00 kcal/mol for trans and cis conformers at the B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) level of theory in water, respectively, which are about 1.7 kcal/mol higher than those in the gas phase. Out of 2197 prolines from the 241 high-resolution PDB chains, four transition-state-like structures with the envelope ring puckering are identified. Three of them have the trans prolyl peptide bonds and one has the cis one. The favorable or steric interactions by neighboring residues may be responsible for the stabilization of these transition-state-like ring structures in the proteins.     

A toyocamycin analogue with the sugar moiety in a syn conformation

The title compound [systematic name: 4‐amino‐5‐cyano‐1‐(β‐d ‐ribofuranosyl)‐7H‐pyrrolo[2,3‐d]pyrimidine hemihydrate], C₁₂H₁₃N₅O₄·0.5H₂O, is a regioisomer of toyocamycin with the ribofuranosyl residue attached to the pyrimidine moiety of the heterocycle. This analogue exhibits a syn glycosylic bond conformation with a χ torsion angle of 57.51 (17)°. The ribofuranose moiety shows an envelope C2′‐endo (²E) sugar conformation (S‐type), with P = 161.6 (2)° and τ_m = 41.3 (1)°. The conformation at the exocyclic C4′—C5′ bond is +sc (gauche, gauche), with a γ torsion angle of 54.4 (2)°. The crystal packing is stabilized by intermolecular O—H...O, N—H...N and O—H...N hydrogen bonds; water molecules, located on crystallographic twofold axes, participate in interactions. An intramolecular O—H...N hydrogen bond stabilizes the syn conformation of the nucleoside.     

Synthesis, molecular conformation, vibrational and electronic transition, isometric chemical shift, polarizability and hyperpolarizability analysis of 3-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-2-(4-nitro-phenyl)-acrylonitrile: a combined experimental and theoretical analysis

This work presents the synthesis and characterization of a novel compound, 3-(4-Methoxy-phenyl)-2-(4-nitro-phenyl)-acrylonitrile (abbreviated as 3-(4MP)-2-(4-NP)-AN, C₁₆H₁₂N₂O₃). The spectroscopic properties of the compound were examined by FT-IR, UV–vis and NMR (¹H and ¹³C) techniques. FT-IR spectrum in solid state was observed in the region 4000–400 cm⁻¹. The UV–vis absorption spectrum of the compound which dissolved in chloroform was recorded in the range of 200–800 nm. The ¹H and ¹³C NMR spectra were recorded in CDCl₃ solution. To determine lowest-energy molecular conformation of the title molecule, the selected torsion angle is varied every 10° and molecular energy profile is calculated from 0° to 360°. The structural and spectroscopic data of the molecule in the ground state were calculated using density functional theory (DFT) employing B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) basis set. The dipole moment, linear polarizability and first hyperpolarizability values were also computed using the same basis set. A study on the electronic properties, such as HOMO and LUMO energies, were performed by time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach. The HOMO and LUMO analysis were used to elucidate information regarding charge transfer within the molecule. The vibrational wavenumbers were calculated and scaled values were compared with experimental FT-IR spectrum. The complete assignments were performed on the basis of the experimental results and total energy distribution (TED) of the vibrational modes, calculated with scaled quantum mechanics (SQM) method. Isotropic chemical shifts were calculated using the gauge-invariant atomic orbital (GIAO) method. Comparison of the calculated frequencies, NMR chemical shifts, absorption wavelengths with the experimental values revealed that DFT and TD-DFT method produce good results. The linear polarizabilities and first hyperpolarizabilities of the studied molecule indicate that the title compound can be used as a good nonlinear optical material. The thermodynamic properties of the studied compound at different temperatures were calculated, revealing the correlations between standard heat capacity, standard entropy, standard enthalpy changes and temperatures.     

Puckering transition of 4-substituted proline residues

The puckering transition of 4-substituted proline residues by electron-withdrawing groups, i.e., 4(R)-hydroxy-L-proline (Hyp) and 4(R)-fluoro-L-proline (Flp) residues, with trans and cis prolyl peptide bonds was studied by adiabatic optimizations along the torsion angle chi1 of the prolyl ring at the HF/6-31+G(d) level. By analyzing the potential energy surface and local minima, it is observed that the puckering transition of the prolyl ring for Hyp and Flp residues proceeds from a down-puckered conformation to an up-puckered one through the transition state with an envelope form having the N atom at the top of envelope and not a planar one for both trans and cis conformers, which is the same as found for the unsubstituted proline residue. At HF/6-31+G(d) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) levels, the structures of the backbone and prolyl ring for local minima of Ac-Hyp-NHMe and Ac-Flp-NHMe are quite similar to those of Ac-Pro-NHMe. However, the relative stability of the up-puckered conformation to the down-puckered one is increased for Ac-Hyp-NHMe with the cis imide bond and for Ac-Flp-NHMe with the trans and cis imide bonds. In particular, the 4(R)-substitution by hydroxy and fluorine groups has brought some structural changes in the prolyl ring of the transition states and the changes in barriers for the puckering transition. The puckering transitions for Ac-Hyp-NHMe and Ac-Flp-NHMe are proven to be predominantly electronically driven by analyzing the electronic and enthalpic contributions to the barriers, as seen for Ac-Pro-NHMe.     

5‐Methyl‐2′‐deoxy‐4′‐thio‐α‐uridine (R)‐­S‐oxide

The pyrimidine ring of the title compound, C₁₀H₁₄N₂O₅S, is planar to within 0.024 (1) Å and makes an angle of 75.46 (10)° with the mean plane of the thio­sugar ring. In terms of standard nucleoside nomenclature, this ring has the C3′‐endo conformation. The O5′—C5′—C4′—C3′ torsion angle is 166.5 (3)° and the glycosidic torsion angle S4′—C1′—N1—C2 is ?52.1 (2)° (syn).