微波辐射下合成3-芳基-9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-1-酮衍生物

在微波辐射和对甲基苯磺酸的催化作用下, 5-芳基-1,3-环己二酮与邻氨基苯甲腈进行缩合反应, 得到了N-取代的2-氨基苯甲腈衍生物, 在K₂CO₃和Cu₂Cl₂的催化作用下进一步合环, 得到3-芳基-9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-1-酮衍生物, 用LiAlH₄还原羰基得到3-芳基-9-氨基-1,2,3,4-四氢吖啶-1-醇衍生物. 新合成化合物的结构均经元素分析、红外光谱和核磁共振光谱予以确认.     

2-薁基取代的苯并[b]呋喃类化合物的合成

以溴代丁二酰亚胺为溴化试剂, 对1-氰基-2-甲基薁进行了溴代反应研究, 将溴甲基化产物与水杨醛类衍生物在通常的加热反应及微波辐射条件下进行缩合, 以较高的收率得到2-薁基取代苯并[b]呋喃, 其结构经¹H NMR, IR及元素分析等得以证实.     

2-取代芳基苯并[b]呋喃类化合物的合成

以4-取代苯乙炔化亚铜与3-甲氧基-4-羟基-5-溴肉桂酸甲酯为原料进行缩合反应得到2-取代芳基并[b]呋喃, 并将其衍生化, 得到14个2-芳基-5-烷基-7-甲氧基苯并[b]呋喃化合物, 并确证了其结构.     

无溶剂条件下合成2-[3-氧代-1,3-二(未)取代苯基丙基]-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-酮

以3,4-二氢-1-萘酮和查尔酮为原料, 在 K₂CO₃-NaOH 存在下, 无溶剂室温研磨反应, 方便地得到2-[3-氧代-1,3-二(未)取代苯基丙基]-1,2,3,4-四氢萘-1-酮. 该方法具有反应条件温和、操作简单和产率较高等优点, 并通过IR, ¹H NMR, 元素分析确定了产物的结构, 3b晶体结构通过X衍射测定.     

KF/Al2O3催化下4-芳基-9,10-二氢萘并[2,1-b]-4H-吡喃衍生物的合成

在KF/Al₂O₃催化下, α,β-不饱和腈或α,β-不饱和羧酸酯和7-甲氧基-1,2,3,4-四氢-2-萘酮反应, 生成了一系列4-芳基-9,10-二氢萘并[2,1-b]-4H-吡喃衍生物. 产物的结构通过红外光谱和核磁共振氢谱进行表征, 并通过X单晶衍射分析进一步证实产物的结构.     

3-(4-取代-哌嗪-1-甲基)-1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮衍生物的合成与止吐活性研究

以1,3-环己二酮(1)为起始原料, 一个羰基与盐酸苯肼发生缩合反应生成1,3-环己二酮单苯腙(2), 2在ZnCl₂催化下通过分子内环合、重排反应得到1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮(3), 3的甲基化物4在冰醋酸中经Mannich反应获得其3-二甲胺甲基物5, 5与哌嗪类化合物通过亲核取代反应合成了9个未见文献报道的3-(4-取代-哌嗪-1-甲基)-1,2,3,9-四氢咔唑-4-酮衍生物6a～6i. 所有合成的新化合物均经元素分析、红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振光谱证明其结构; 初步药理试验采用顺铂诱导的大鼠干呕模型研究了新化合物的止吐活性, 结果表明部分新化合物活性与昂丹司琼相当.     

KF/Al2O3催化下取代水杨醛与达米酮的反应

取代水杨醛与5,5-二甲基-1,3-环己二酮(达米酮)在KF/Al₂O₃催化下反应生成一系列苯并吡喃的衍生物. 产物的结构通过红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析进行表征, 并通过X单晶衍射分析进一步证实产物的结构.     

SmI2催化合成1,5-苯并二氮杂(艹卓)

1,5-苯并二氮杂(艹卓)是一类具有生理活性的杂环化合物[1],近十年来已在作为抗痉挛剂、抗焦虑剂、安眠剂等方面有广泛应用.除此之外,1,5-苯并二氮杂(艹卓)还是三唑稠合或噁二唑稠合的1,5-苯并二氮杂(艹卓)衍生物的重要合成来源[2,3].我们以价廉易得的SmI2成功催化了邻苯二胺与酮的缩合反应,得到取代1,5-苯并二氮杂(艹卓).该反应在室温下进行,无需反应溶剂,产物收率较高,且对芳香酮和脂肪酮均可适用.     

2-取代芳基-4-丙酸乙酯基-1,5-苯并二氮卓衍生物的高效合成

以取代的芳香醛和乙酰丙酸乙酯为原料,通过克诺维纳盖尔(Knoevenagel)缩合、亲核加成、环合、脱水等过程,快速高效地合成了8种未见文献报道的2-芳基-4-丙酸乙酯基-1,5-苯并二氮杂卓化合物.通过₁H NMR、₁₃C NMR、IR、MS和单晶衍射确定了其目标产物结构,对合成目标化合物的反应条件进行了较详细的研究,并提出了可能的反应机理。     

苯并(硫)吡喃-4-酮衍生物的合成与表征

以取代或未取代苯并(硫)吡喃-4-酮(1a～1c)为原料, 分别与呋喃甲醛和6-氨基胡椒醛发生缩合反应合成了一系列的取代或未取代苯并(硫)吡喃衍生物2a～2c和3a～3c, 化合物2a～2c和3a～3c的结构经IR, ¹H NMR, MS和元素分析进行鉴定和表征.     

Bestimmung von Calcium, Magnesium, Strontium, Kalium, Natrium, Lithium, Eisen, Mangan, Chrom, Nickel, Kupfer, Cobalt, Zink und Cadmium

Zusammenfassung Für 14 Elemente wird eine universelle Methode beschrieben. Durch Zusatz von Lanthan und Cäsium werden die physikalischen, chemischen und Ionisations-Störungen in der Flammen-AAS ausgeschaltet. Es wird gezeigt, daß diese Methode für sehr unterschiedliche Stoffe mit Erfolg angewendet werden kann, und gleichzeitig die Genauigkeit des Routinemeßverfahrens nicht beeinträchtigt wird. Nur in Ausnahmefällen muß die Additionsmethode benutzt werden.

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Determination of calcium, magnesium, strontium, potassium, sodium, lithium, iron, manganese, chromium, nickel, copper, cobalt, zinc and cadmium by flame AASA universal method for the analysis of waters, coals, ashes, ores, rocks, building materials, metals and similar samples

Summary A universal method is described for 14 elements. By addition of lanthanum and caesium the physical, chemical and ionization interferences in the flame AAS are eliminated. It is demonstrated that this method can be applied successfully for very different materials and simultaneously the precision of the standard measuring method is not affected. Only in exceptional cases the addition method has to be applied.

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Herrn Prof. Dr. W. Schuhknecht, dem langjährigen Leiter des Zentrallabors der Saarbergwerke AG (1948–1972) zum Gedenken

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Für die sorgfältige Durchführung von Säure- und Schmelzaufschlüssen sowie seine nützlichen Hinweise bei der Korrektur des Manuskriptes möchte ich Herrn Lothar Kiefer meinen besonderen Dank aussprechen.     

电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定稀土矿中钇、镧、铈、镨、钕、钐、铕、钆、铽、镝、钬、铒、铥、镱、镥和钪量

通过用四酸与微波消解法溶解样品对比,建立了用硝酸、盐酸、氢氟酸、高氯酸分解样品,采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定稀土矿中16种元素含量。方法采用_¹⁰³Rh作为内标消除干扰,确定了最优测定条件,16种稀土元素检出限为0.0029-0.0099ng/mL,测定范围为0.0005-0.020%。精密度试验、加标回收试验及标准物质检测,结果验证了方法的可行性及准确性。该方法简单易操作,结果可靠,能满足实验分析要求。     

猪胰脏中铁钙镁铜铅锌镉锰钴镍的测定

采用硝酸－过氧化氢在自动回流消化仪中消化猪胰脏,火焰原子吸收光度法测定铁、钙、镁、铜、锌、铅、镉、锰、钴、镍的含量。,方法简便,快速,结果令人满意,并对猪胰脏食用价值进行了评价。     

SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF 5, 10, 15, 20, 22, 24-HEXAHYDRO-5, 5, 10, 10, 15, 15, 20, 20-OCTAMETHYL-PORPHINE

<正> The title com pound (HHOMP) has been synthesized with the pho-toinduced condensation of acetone and pyrrole in the presence of iodoaromatic hydrocarbons, and its molecular and crystal structures have been determined by X-ray analysis. C28H36N4, Mr = 428. 63, triclinic; space group P1; a =10. 165(3), b = 10. 185(2), c=13. 012(3)(?); α=85. 41(2), β=67. 84(2), γ= 89. 75(2)°; V = 1243 (?)3; Z = 2; D = 1. 145g. cm-3; μ= 0. 635cm-1; F (000) = 464. Although the HHOMP molecule twists, it is found that the four nitrogen atoms are still in a plane.     

Optimization of parameters for semiempirical methods. III Extension of PM3 to Be,Mg, Zn,Ga, Ge,As, Se,Cd, In,Sn, Sb,Te, Hg,Tl, Pb,and Bi

Using a recently developed procedure for optimizing parameters for semiempirical methods,¹ PM3 has been extended to a total of 28 elements. Average ΔH_f errors for the newly parameterized elements are Be: 8.6, Mg: 8.4, Zn: 5.8, Ga: 14.9, Ge: 11.4, As: 8.5, Se: 11.1, Cd: 2.6, In: 11.3, Sn: 9.0, Sb: 13.7, Te: 11.3, Hg: 6.8, Tl: 6.5, Pb: 7.4, and Bi: 10.9 kcal/mol. For some elements the paucity of data has resulted in a method, which, while highly accurate, is likely to be only poorly predictive.     

3,3,6,6-四甲基-9-邻氯苯基-1,8-二氧代-3,4,5,6,7,9-六氧化氧杂蒽的合成和晶体结构

标题化合物C23H25对O3Cl是由邻氯苯甲醛与5，5-二甲基1，3-环己二酮在N，N-二甲基甲酸腹中反应而得。结构通过单晶X-射线衍射法确定，其晶体属于单科晶系，空间群=1632。晶体结构用直接法解出，使用全矩阵最小二乘法对原子参数进行修正，最后的偏离因子为R=0．054，Rw一0．063。在晶体结构中，吡喃环与苯环之间的两面角为92．43°。     

ICP-AES法测定铝中铁、硅、铜、镓、镁、锌、锰和钛

用 50g L氢氧化钠溶液溶解铝样品 ,硝酸 (1 1 )酸化 ,以ICP AES测定其中铁、硅、铜、镓、镁、锌、锰和钛等 8种杂质元素。     

RM1: a reparameterization of AM1 for H, C, N, O, P, S, F, Cl, Br, and I

Twenty years ago, the landmark AM1 was introduced, and has since had an increasingly wide following among chemists due to its consistently good results and time-tested reliability--being presently available in countless computational quantum chemistry programs. However, semiempirical molecular orbital models still are of limited accuracy and need to be improved if the full potential of new linear scaling techniques, such as MOZYME and LocalSCF, is to be realized. Accordingly, in this article we present RM1 (Recife Model 1): a reparameterization of AM1. As before, the properties used in the parameterization procedure were: heats of formation, dipole moments, ionization potentials and geometric variables (bond lengths and angles). Considering that the vast majority of molecules of importance to life can be assembled by using only six elements: C, H, N, O, P, and S, and that by adding the halogens we can now build most molecules of importance to pharmaceutical research, our training set consisted of 1736 molecules, representative of organic and biochemistry, containing C, H, N, O, P, S, F, Cl, Br, and I atoms. Unlike AM1, and similar to PM3, all RM1 parameters have been optimized. For enthalpies of formation, dipole moments, ionization potentials, and interatomic distances, the average errors in RM1, for the 1736 molecules, are less than those for AM1, PM3, and PM5. Indeed, the average errors in kcal x mol(-1) of the enthalpies of formation for AM1, PM3, and PM5 are 11.15, 7.98, and 6.03, whereas for RM1 this value is 5.77. The errors, in Debye, of the dipole moments for AM1, PM3, PM5, and RM1 are, respectively, 0.37, 0.38, 0.50, and 0.34. Likewise, the respective errors for the ionization potentials, in eV, are 0.60, 0.55, 0.48, and 0.45, and the respective errors, in angstroms, for the interatomic distances are 0.036, 0.029, 0.037, and 0.027. The RM1 average error in bond angles of 6.82 degrees is only slightly higher than the AM1 figure of 5.88 degrees, and both are much smaller than the PM3 and PM5 figures of 6.98 degrees and 9.83 degrees, respectively. Moreover, a known error in PM3 nitrogen charges is corrected in RM1. Therefore, RM1 represents an improvement over AM1 and its similar successor PM3, and is probably very competitive with PM5, which is a somewhat different model, and not fully disclosed. RM1 possesses the same analytical construct and the same number of parameters for each atom as AM1, and, therefore, can be easily implemented in any software that already has AM1, not requiring any change in any line of code, with the sole exception of the values of the parameters themselves.     

Conjugate addition reactions of alpha-aminoalkylcuprates with alpha, beta-alkenyl-, alpha,beta-alkynyl-, alpha,beta-beta,gamma-allenyl-, and alpha,beta-gamma,delta-dienyl carboxylic acid derivatives, nitriles, and sulfoxides

alpha-Aminoalkylcuprates prepared from alpha-lithio carbamates and CuCN.2LiCl participate in 1,4-addition reactions with alpha, beta-unsaturated esters, thiol esters, imides, and nitriles in poor to excellent yields depending upon the electron-withdrawing substituent and the substitution pattern of the unsaturated substrate. These reagents also undergo conjugate addition reactions with alpha,beta-alkynyl esters, sulfoxides, and nitriles and with alpha,beta-beta,gamma-unsaturated allenyl esters. Excellent stereocontrol is achieved in the conjugate additions of alpha-aminoalkylcuprates to the allenyl esters, while poor stereoselectivity results in the conjugate additions to the alkynyl derivatives. Deprotection and cyclization of the alkynyl adducts affords pyrrolin-2-ones, while similar treatment of the allenyl adducts affords 4-alkylidine- pyrrolidin-2-ones and pyrrolizidinones.