利用重离子辐照技术制备锂离子电池隔膜

用能量11.4MeV/u和注量1×108ions/cm2的197Au离子垂直辐照聚丙烯薄膜,通过电导测量法监测温度、硫酸浓度和重铬酸钾浓度对径迹蚀刻速率的影响,得到合适的蚀刻条件;成功制备出孔径范围在600—1000nm的重离子径迹聚丙烯孔膜,并用场发射扫描电镜对孔的形状及孔径大小进行了表征,对孔洞锥角的形成进行了分析,为重离子辐照技术制备锂离子电池隔膜提供了实验数据。     

纳米孔径核孔膜的制备研究

高能硫、氪、氙离子轰击聚酯(PET)和聚碳酸酯(PC)膜后,对样品进行陈化和紫外线照射敏化.用电导法着重研究蚀刻条件对样品的归一化径迹蚀刻速率(灵敏度)的影响,结果表明优化条件下灵敏度较通用条件下提高约2倍,PET的灵敏度可达1000,PC的灵敏度可达2000,可以用于制备纳米孔径核孔膜.核孔膜中填充的铜纳米线的电镜照片显示出纳米线最小直径为20nm.用电导法计算纳米孔的孔径,该值与纳米线直径的电镜测量值在孔径大于30nm时符合良好.     

核孔膜的非常规蚀刻法

不对称蚀刻法的分桥表明,在灵敏度不变时可以得到小孔径核孔膜。实验显示,由于孔径不均匀现象的制约,核孔膜的孔径可减小到1／2。温度梯度蚀刻法的分桥表明,导通时间的减小与膜两面的温度差成正比,在实际条件下孔径减小到1／5。模拟计算表明,采用该方法可得到控状孔核孔膜,但蚀刻过程很难控制。     

X光纳米充刻掩模的离子束制备法

重离子柬轰击聚碳酸酯后．对样品进行陈化和紫外线照射数化,在优化条件下蚀刻后得到纳米孔径核孔膜。利用电化学沉积技术在核孔膜中制备了最小孔径为30纳米的铜纳米线。获得的钥纳米线／聚碳酸酯可以作为x光纳米光刻的腌膜。     

纳米孔径核孔膜的制备研究

高能硫、氪、氙离子轰击聚酯(PET)和聚碳酸酯(PC)膜后，对样品进行陈化和紫外线照射敏化．用电导法着重研究蚀刻条件对样品的归一亿径迹蚀刻速率(灵敏度)的影响，结果表明优化条件下灵敏度较通用条件下提高约2倍，PET的灵敏度可达1000，PC的灵敏度可达2000，可以用于制备纳米孔径核孔膜．核孔膜中填充的铜纳米线的电镜照片显示出纳米线最小直径为20nm．用电导法计算纳米孔的孔径，该值与纳米线直径的电镜测量值在孔径大于30nm时符合良好．     

纳米孔径核孔模的制备研究

高能硫、氪、氙离子轰击聚酯（PET）和聚碳酸酯（PC）膜后,对样品进行陈化和紫外线照射敏化。用电导法着重研究蚀刻条件对样品的归一化径迹蚀刻速率（灵敏度）的影响,结果表明优化条件下灵敏度较通用条件下提高约2倍,PET的灵敏度可达1000,PC的灵敏度可达2000,可以用于制备纳米孔径核孔膜。核孔膜中填充的铜纳米线的电镜照片显示出纳米线最小直径为20nm。用电导法计算纳米孔的孔径,该值与纳米线直径的电镜测量值在孔径大于30nm时符合良好。     

核孔膜的特性和应用

核孔膜是一种新型材料,在许多科学技术领域中得到了广泛应用,如超流体研究、化学分离、同位素分离、辐射剂量学、生物工程、医学研究、质谱技术、绝热技术、净化技术、真空技术、铀矿普查、电子工业、制药工业和食品工业等.随着科学技术的发展,核孔膜的应用必将更加广泛. 一、核孔膜的制造方法 核孔膜是由重离子在绝缘物质薄膜上打孔和化学蚀刻扩孔而成.当重离子在绝缘物质薄膜中的可蚀刻射程大于薄膜厚度时,在每个垂直入射的重离子路径上产生的辐射损伤,可用化学方法优先蚀刻,形成穿透绝缘薄膜的笔直通道(微孔).具有一个或多个这种穿透性微…     

PET核孔膜在中药水提液分离纯化中的应用研究

中药水提液成分复杂，随着中药制药的发展，迫切需要建立一种简单有效的中药分离纯化方法。膜分离技术作为一种简单、直接、高效的物质分离方法，在中药分离纯化中由于能耗低、无二次污染而被广泛应用。本工作通过制备不同孔径的核孔膜，将中药水提液进行多级过滤，并对其分离性能进行测试和表征。实验证实核孔膜对水提液的微滤可以滤除尺度1 μm以上的杂质，且不改变其性状；对水提液的超滤可以滤除蛋白质和淀粉；核孔膜进一步修饰后，能够对中药有效成分，如芍药苷、绿原酸等进行有效截留。结果表明，将核孔膜应用于中药水提液分离、纯化是可行的。     

Al_2O_3微孔膜对60keV O~+离子的“导向”效应

在不同入射角度条件下,研究了60keV的O+离子入射孔径分别为50nm和30nm,厚度为10μmAl2O3微孔膜的角分布.实验结果表明离子透射微孔膜时发生了导向效应,随着入射角度的增大,透射于孔径大的微孔膜离子计数下降比较快,透射于孔径小的微孔膜离子计数下降比较缓慢.建立了一个初步的理论模型,对以上现象给出了较好的解释.     

Fe掺杂ZnO纳米薄膜的光致发光

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了Zn_1-xFe_xO(x=0.01,0.05,0.10)纳米薄膜。X射线衍射谱显示所有样品均具有六角纤锌矿结构。而且在X射线衍射谱中没有发现其他相存在。研究了在不同的溶液浓度、退火温度和Fe浓度下制备的掺杂ZnO薄膜的光致发光谱。结果表明,热退火提高了样品的光学质量。溶液浓度为0.1mol/L,且Fe含量较低的条件下,样品的光学质量有所提高。     

抗金属污染的超绝缘材料研究

使用串列加速器产生的32S离子对不同厚度的聚碳酸酯、聚脂膜进行了不同密度的辐照，并在不同温度、不同碱度和不同蚀刻时间条件下，研究了蚀刻对孔形状、孔径以及膜表面损耗等的影响.通过表面金属镀膜的方式研究了该膜的抗金属污染的绝缘性能.结果显示，其抗金属污染的绝缘性能得到了大幅度提高.     

核微孔过滤器的生产、特性和应用

核微孔过滤器是利用重离子辐照高分子材料后经化学蚀刻而制成的新型过滤介质,它具有真实的孔径和高选择过滤性能．本文讨论了核微孔过滤器的生产原理、方法、特性和应用． The nuclear track microfilter has a true pore size and high selectivity,which are produced by irradiating a variety of polymers such as PC, PET, Kapton and PVDF using heavy ions and subsequent etching with the appropriate etchant. The pore size and porosity of the nuclear trackmicrofilters can be preselected according to what is required, their properties as well as already tested or possible applications are discussed.     

虹吸动态化学腐蚀法制备近场光学显微镜光纤探针的研究

基于虹吸原理 ,设计了一种动态化学腐蚀法的简易装置 ,用于制备近场光学显微镜光纤探针。在一般化学腐蚀法的基础上 ,通过改变虹吸管中水的流向和流速来有效地控制探针锥角和锥长 ,制备出多种形貌的光纤探针。与传统的静态化学腐蚀法相比 ,该法具有重复性高、探针形貌可控、操作方便、实验费用低廉、制备的探针表面光滑等优点。利用该装置 ,成功地制备出针尖尺寸 5 0～ 30 0nm ,针尖锥角在 16°～ 6 5°之间可调的光纤探针。同时 ,选择适当的液位差 ,通过一步腐蚀法制备出针尖尺寸小于 5 0nm ,针尖锥角 12 5°的双锥角光纤探针。并对可能的腐蚀机理进行了探讨。     

Design of a multifoil electrolytically controlled etching cell

Irradiating polymer films with heavy ions and subsequent electrolytically controlled etching (ECE) produces nuclear track filters with desired pore dimensions and pore density. During ECE, an electric field with low field strength and a frequency in the audio range is applied across the irradiated polymer film, which is immersed in the etching solution. An ECE cell for the simultaneous etching of three irradiated samples has been designed and developed. The average pore diameter and break-through time for tracks due to ²³⁸U(11.4 and 14 MeV/u) and ²⁰⁹Bi(13 MeV/u) ions in polycarbonate and polyethylene terepthalate have been measured.     

Investigations of heavy ion tracks in polyethylene naphthalate films

The heavy ion beam (with fluence 3x10⁸ ion/cm²) from a cyclotron has been used for irradiation of thin polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) films. Latent tracks in these polymeric films have been sensitized by UV radiation and then chemically etched in NaOH solution. The etching process parameters have been controlled by the electroconductivity method. After etching, parameters of samples have been examined by SEM and bubble point methods (Coulter® Porometer II instrument). Results have shown good quality of PEN track membranes with pore sizes in the range: 0.1 – 0.5 μm. The described procedure is known for thin polythylene terephthalate (PET) films. Taking into consideration that PEN films have got better mechanical, thermal, gas barrier as well as better chemical resistance properties in comparison with PET films, the possibility of application of such membranes is much wider.     

A study of the basic properties of electrochemical track etching

The basic properties of the electrochemical track etching method proposed by Tommasino were studied for PC and PET foils irradiated with fission fragments and/or alpha-particles. Etching was performed in a specially designed double-wall vessel applying electric fields of different strengths and frequencies. The variation in the diameters of the discharge spots produced around the tracks of fission fragments entering PC and PET foils at right angles was systematically studied as a function of the strength and frequency of the electric field, etching time and etchant temperature. For alpha-tracks registered in PC foils the dependence of the discharge spot diameter on particle energy was also determined. It was found that the production of discharge spots started at a threshold field strength depending on the type of particle. The temperature dependence of the growing rate of discharge spots followed the Arrhenius law, but with a reduced activation energy as compared to that obtained for the chemical etching rate of the bulk material.     

Femtosecond laser-assisted etching of Pyrex glass with aqueous solution of KOH

A femtosecond laser-assisted etching technique was applied to Pyrex glass, a kind of borosilicate glass, to perform removal processing with three-dimensional arbitrarity in design and micrometer-order spatial resolution. An aqueous solution of potassium hydroxide (KOH) was adopted as a highly selective etchant. The rate and selectivity of etching were evaluated from in situ images, and fabrication of three-dimensional microchannels was demonstrated.     

Track etching parameters for plastics

Abstract

A series of experiments was performed to study the effect of types of etchant, concentration of etchant, etchant temperature and other parameters on track development in cellulose nitrate, polycarbonate resin, cellulose triacetate, and cellulose acetate butyrate plastic. This work has led to a set of preferred etching conditions for each of these plastics. For example, although there were only slight differences in general etching rate when LiOH, KOH, and NaOH were used as track etchants for cellulose nitrate, the alpha particle registration sensitivity was greatest when NaOH was used. Also in cellulose nitrate the general etching rate and the particle registration sensitivity did not change significantly with increasing concentration for hydroxide solutions > 6 N. This was in marked contrast to other plastics which showed a strong concentration dependence.