P10原子簇的电子结构

利用Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ－９４从头算程序，选择６－３１Ｇ￣＊基组对Ｐ_１０原子簇的３种构型Ｐ_１０（Ｃ_２ｖ）、Ｐ_１０（Ｄ_５ｈ）与Ｐ１０（Ｃ_３ｖ）进行几何全优化。３种构型总能量相对值表明，原子簇Ｐ１０（Ｃ_３ｖ）具有热力学稳定性；ＨＯＭＯ与ＬＵＭＯ的能级差表明，原子簇Ｐ_１０（Ｃ_３ｖ）具有动力学稳定性。相反，原子簇Ｐ_１０（Ｄ_５ｈ）ＬＵＭＯ的能级值较低，易于得到电子而成为负离子。     

碳笼烯C32和碳笼烷C32H32的量子化学研究

用量子化学计算方法ＭＮＤＯ和ＡＭ１研究了具有Ｏｈ对称性的碳笼烯Ｃ３２和碳笼烷Ｃ３２Ｈ３２的几何结构和电子结构及其稳定性，ＡＭ１水平下，评论Ｃ３２的基态性质和分子振动。     

P6（D6h）和P12（D6h的从头算研究

利用Ｇａｕｓｓｉａｎ－９２从头算程序，在６－３１Ｇ￣＊基组下优化Ｐ_６（Ｄ_６ｈ）分子和Ｐ_（１２）（Ｄ_（６ｈ））原子簇，并进行了振动频率的计算．得到２Ｐ_６（Ｄ_（６ｈ））→Ｐ_（１２）（Ｄ_（６ｈ））总能量的相对值，即△Ｅ＝Ｅ_Ｐ_（１２_（Ｄ_（６ｈ））－２ＥＰ_６（Ｄ_（６ｈ））＝－１．１９７ｅＶ．　Ｐ_（１２）（Ｄ_（６ｈ））原子簇较２Ｐ_６（Ｄ_（６ｈ））分子在热力学上更为稳定。基组下，Ｈｐ＝ＨＰ优化的Ｐ＝Ｐ双键键长为０．２００５ｎｍ，Ｈ２Ｐ─ＰＨ２优化的Ｐ─Ｐ单键键长为０．２２１４ｎｍ，显然，Ｐ６（Ｄ６ｈ）分子中的键长比优化双键长０．００９１ｎｍ，比优化单键短０．０１１８ｎｍ，对于Ｐ６（Ｄ６ｈ）分子而言，其键长介于单、双键之间且相等。Ｐ６分子前线轨道的第３９条分子轨道形式估算为：联系人及第一作者：冯健男，男，２５岁，博士研究生。     

Ih对称性硼,碳原子簇化合物的从头计算（I）：B32,C2B30B32H…

本文用从头计算方法研究了含３２个顶点的硼烷Ｂ３２Ｈ３２＾０＾．＾２＾－及裸原子簇Ｂ３２与Ｃ２Ｂ３０的构型，稳定性及反应活性，Ｂ３２的优化计算结果表明，１２个５配位与２０个６配位两类硼原子不在同一球面时最稳定，而且所含两种Ｂ－Ｂ核间距离（Ｒ５６，Ｒ６６）的优化值验证了Ｌｉｐｓｃｏｍｂ的经验数值，Ｂ３２，Ｂ３２３２＾２＾－电子结构及原子布居的计算表明骨架成键轨道满足Ｗａｄｅ规则。相应的计算还表明，中性     

磷的四原子簇合物的从头算研究

在ＳＴＯ－３Ｇ、３－２１Ｇ、３－２１Ｇ、４－３１Ｇ和４－３１Ｇ基组水平上，对磷的四原子簇合物Ｐ４＾２＋，Ｐ４，Ｐ４＾２－，Ｐ４＾４－做了ＳＣＦ－ＭＯ从头算研究。几何优化表明，对于已知结构的族合物分子计算结果与实验测定了几何形一致，同时确定了实验上结构未知的簇合物分子的稳定２几何。根据计算结果对四原子磷簇合物系列分子的相对稳定性和几何形了讨论。     

Cun,Agn,Aun（n=2,3,4）原子簇结构的理论分析

在应用ＤＶ－Ｘａ自洽场方法研究Ｃｕｎ，Ａｇｎ，Ａｕｎ原子簇电子结构基础上，分析了原子簇中原子轨道间的相互作用及其大小随几何构型的变化，并讨论了原子簇的Ｘａ总能量与原子簇几何构型的关系，采用单、双过渡态理论方法分别计算原子簇分子轨道的电离能和分子轨道的电子跃迁能，结果表明Ａｇｎ的电离能计算值与实验值符合较好，而Ａｕｎ原子簇则有一定偏差，这可能是由Ａｕｎ的较大相论效应引起的，Ａｇ４的电子跃迁能与实验值     

［Ru_6（CO）_（18）］~（2－）在NaX分子筛超笼中的合成和表征

在ＮａＸ分子筛超笼中通过ＲｕⅢ（ＮＨ３）６同ＣＯ＋Ｈ２反应合成了［Ｒｕ６（ＣＯ）１８］２－原子簇阴离子．原子簇阴离子上的羰基配体在氢气存在时具有一定的１３ＣＯ同位素交换活性．ＥＸＡＦＳ的数据表明，８０─９０％的钌原子在ＮａＸ分子筛中以［Ｒｕ６（ＣＯ）１８］２－的方式存在．分子筛笼中的原子簇阴离子在氧化气氛下解离成单核钌羰基物种Ｒｕ１（ＣＯ）２，两者的结构在氧化（Ｏ２）及还原（ＣＯ＋Ｈ２）条件下可以进行可逆转化．     

I_h对称性硼、碳原子簇化合物的从头计算（I）──B_（32）、C_2B_（30

本文用从头计算方法研究了含３２个顶点的硼烷及裸原子簇Ｂ３２与Ｃ２Ｂ３０的构型、稳定性及反应活性。Ｂ３２的优化计算结果表明，１２个５配位与２０个６配位两类硼原子不在同一球面时最稳定，而且所含两种Ｂ－Ｂ核间距离（Ｒ_（５６）Ｒ_（６６））的优化值验证了Ｌｉｐｓｃｏｍｂ的经验数值。Ｂ３２、Ｂ_（３２）Ｈ_（３２）~（２－）电子结构及原子布居的计算表明骨架成键轨道满足Ｗａｄｅ规则．相应的计算还表明，中性Ｂ_（３２）Ｈ_（３２）可能稳定存在，但构型的对称性将低于Ｉｋ对称，另外．对Ｃ２Ｂ３０结合能的计算及前线轨道性质的分析表明，Ｃ２Ｂ３０热稳定性较高，并且有较强的得电子反应活性。     

原子连接次序的一些经验规则

在有关物质分子结构的教学中 ,经常有学生问起一些类似这样的问题 :(1)次磷酸Ｈ3ＰＯ3与ＰＦ3是等电子体 ,Ｈ3ＰＯ3为什么具有 ＰＯＨＯ ＯＨＨ的四面体结构而不与ＰＦ3相似呈 Ｐ··ＨＯ ＯＨＯＨ的三角锥结构(2种结构式中的Ｐ都为 + 3氧化态 ,都是ｓｐ3杂化 ) ;(2 )Ｎ2 Ｏ为什么具有线性的··Ｎ—Ｎ—Ｏ·　·　···　··　···结构 (方框表示π4 3键 ) ,但具有同样线性和键级的结构··Ｎ—Ｏ—Ｎ·　··　··　··　···却不存在 (2种结构式中中心原子的Ｎ、Ｏ均为ｓｐ杂化 ) ;(3)ＣＯ与ＨＣＮ也相当于等电子体 ,ＣＯ的结构…     

聚苯胺全固态锂电池

用经γ射线辐照交联的ＰＥＯ作为固体电解质，研究了聚苯胺（ＰＡｎ）固态锂电他的电化学特性。实验发现通过γ－辐射交联后的ＰＥＯ电解质，室温电导率可达１０（－４）Ｓ／ｃｍ以上，并具有较好的机械强度。经过６８次的充放电循环实验、电池放电容量仍维持在６０ｍＡｈ／ｇＰＡｎ以上．该电池交流阻抗分析表明，界面Ｌｉ／ＰＥＯ的阻抗远大于界面ＰＥＯ／ＰＡｎ的阻抗．循坏伏安结果显示了聚苯胺具有良好的氧化还原可逆性．     

On the convergence of parallel tempering Monte Carlo simulations of LJ38

The convergence of parallel tempering Monte Carlo simulations of the 38-atom Lennard-Jones cluster starting from the Oh global minimum and from the C(5v) second-lowest-energy minimum is investigated. It is found that achieving convergence is appreciably more difficult, particularly at temperatures in the vicinity of the Oh --> C(5v) transformation when starting from the C(5v) structure. A strategy combining the Tsallis generalized ensemble and the parallel tempering algorithm is implemented and used to improve the convergence of the simulations in the vicinity of the Oh --> C(5v) transformation.     

A large protonated water cluster H+(H2O)27 in a 3D metal-organic framework

A large protonated water cluster, H+(H2O)27, has been trapped and stabilized within the well-modulated cavity of a 3D metal-organic framework formed by cobalt(II) and 4,4'-bipyridine-N,N'-dioxide with a globular Keggin structure [PW12O4]3- anion as template. The structurally characterized protonated water cluster might comprise a (H2O)26 shell with Oh symmetry and a monowater core within the center which is suggested to be a hydronium ion with the Eigen model.     

具有Oh对称性的C32和C32H32结构和稳定性研究

本文通过对具有Oh对称性的C32和C32H32分子应用STO-3G基组从头计算的几何构型优化和HF计算结果的分析, 讨论了它们的结构特性, 分析了它们分子轨道之间的关系, 讨论了C32和C32H32的结构稳定性, 指出C32H32可能是一种潜在的立体碳烷。     

团簇Ni4P催化析氢性能研究

为探究团簇Ni₄P催化析氢最强的结构,基于密度泛函理论,在B3LYP/Lan12dz水平下,对团簇Ni₄P的初始构型进行计算和优化,得到5种优化构型。从热力学稳定性、前线轨道图和前线轨道能级差对团簇Ni₄P的析氢性能分析发现,构型1^（4）和1^（2）的热力学稳定性较强;团簇Ni₄P各优化构型均易吸附水中的氢原子,Ni原子为团簇Ni₄P催化活性位点,且构型1^（4）、1^（2）和2^（4）催化析氢的活性更强。(1^（2）)-H、(2^（2）)-H在电化学脱附法和化学重组法中均具有较强的催化活性。以上说明构型1^（2）是团簇Ni₄P催化析氢最强的结构。     

具有类蜻蜓状双核铜-联吡啶水簇配合物

本文介绍了一种合成[Cu2(bipy)2(H2P2O7)(OH)2]?7H2O双核铜水簇配合物的简单方法,晶体结构解析证明7个结晶水相互之间形成丰富的二维水簇聚合物[(H2O)7]n,水簇再与主体结构中的羟基OH集团形成强的氢键作用,整个配合物结构从仿生学角度考虑类似蜻蜓状。通过对这种水簇聚合物的研究,有助于改善无法解释的含结晶水的某些配合物性质的模型,更好地理解水分子在化学和生物过程中的结构和行为。     

Crystal growth and structure determination of oxygen-deficient Sr6Co5O15

Large single crystals of oxygen-deficient Sr6Co5O(15-delta) compounds, i.e., Sr6Co5O14.70 and Sr6Co4.9Ni0.1O14.36, were obtained by using K2CO3 flux in the presence of additives of transition metal oxides. The single-crystal structure determination shows that the structures of Sr6Co5O14.70 and Sr6Co4.9Ni0.1O14.36 crystallize in the space group R and can be described as one-dimensional face-sharing CoO3 polyhedral chains and Sr cation chains. Unlike the other known 2H-perovskite-related oxides in which the polyhedral chains consist of octahedra (Oh) and trigonal prism (TP), the structure of Sr6Co5O14.70 and Sr6Co4.9Ni0.1O14.36 contain Oh and intermediate polyhedra (IP) and can be attributed to a general structure formula A6A'2B3O(15-delta), which is closely related to the known A6A'B4O15 phases by shifting of a B atom and the O3 triangle along the c axis. Further study on O3 reveals that this oxygen position splits into two independent positions, corresponding to polyhedral geometry of IP and TP, respectively. Therefore, the polyhedral chain in the structure should be more precisely described as a random composite of the 4Oh + TP and 3Oh + 2IP. This model is used to interpret the magnetic properties, although not quantitatively. The 4-D structure analysis was also conducted for both Sr6Co5O14.70 and Sr6Co4.9Ni0.1O14.36 with a commensurate modulated structure in a 4-D superspace group, R3m(00gamma)0s, gamma = p/k = 3/5. By considering the same 4-D superspace group R3m(00gamma)0s but different t-phases, one can understand the structure relationship between Sr6Co5O14.70 and Sr6Rh5O15.     

A Ligand‐Protected Golden Fullerene: The Dipyridylamido Au328+ Nanocluster

A golden fullerene Au₃₂ cluster has been synthesized with amido and phosphine ligands as the protecting agents. Single‐crystal X‐ray structural analysis revealed that this gold nanocluster, [Au₃₂(Ph₃P)₈(dpa)₆] (SbF₆)₂ (Hdpa=2,2′‐dipyridylamine), has a stable pseudo‐I_h Au₃₂⁸⁺ core with S₆ symmetry, which features an Au₁₂@Au₂₀ Keplerate cage co‐protected by Ph₃P and dpa ligands. Quantum‐chemical studies were conducted to elucidate the origin of the special stability of this cluster, and suggest that it is electronically stabilized through metal–ligand interactions.     

非晶态合金Fe80P20局域结构和性质的量子化学研究

According to the structure features of Fe80P20, A series of clusters Fe4P were designed and focused on studying the stability of local structure, charge distribution and chemical bond. Using the DFT method,energy and structure of Fe4P clusters were optimized and analyzed. The computational results showed that the energy of cluster 1(2) has the lowest energy, and the possibility of its existence in the Fe8oP20 is high. Analyzing the transition states among the clusters, it was found that the clusters in the doublet state are more stable than those in the quartet state. The numbers of the Fe-P bond in the clusters play important roles in the cluster stability and electrons transfer properties. The more numbers of Fe-P bonds in the clusters, the higher the cluster stability, and the weaker the ability of P atom to get electron. The number of Fe atoms, which has bonding interactions with the P atom, is direct proportional to the average 3d orbit population of Fe atom. Basing on the orbital population, average magnetic moments of each Fe atom in the Fe4P clusters were calculated, and they are all smaller than that of single metal Fe atom. This suggests that all Fe4P clusters have soft magnetic property and they are expected to be perfect material for preparing soft magnetic apparatus.     

Theoretical studies on the structure and aromaticity of Ti2P6+

Cationic cluster Ti2P6+ has been studied within density functional theory. The structure of this cluster is predicted to be a slightly distorted tetragonal prism. The dissociation energy of this cationic cluster is higher than that of the known sandwich compound, [(P5)2Ti]2-, because of the different bonding in these two compounds. In Ti2P6+, the hybridization of P atoms of the ring is sp3. The bonding between the metal atoms and the P ring is mainly sigma-pi. While in [(P5)2Ti]2-, the P atoms take sp2 hybridization, the bonding between the metal atom and the rings is the typical pi-pi interaction. The electronic delocalization is another stabilizing factor for Ti2P6+. The nuclear independent chemical shift indicates that Ti2P6+ is a three-dimensional aromatic molecule. The predicted infrared and NMR help to identify the Ti2P6+ conformations in experiment.